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What do you do if your alley is strewn with garbage after the sanitation truck comes through? Or if you're tired of the rowdy teenagers next door keeping you up all night? Is there a vacant lot on your block accumulating weeds, needles, and litter? For a century, Chicagoans have joined block clubs to address problems like these that make daily life in the city a nuisance. When neighbors work together in block clubs, playgrounds get built, local crime is monitored, streets are cleaned up, and every summer is marked by the festivities of day-long block parties. In Chicago's Block Clubs, Amanda I. Seligman uncovers the history of the block club in Chicago-from its origins in the Urban League in the early 1900s through to the Chicago Police Department's twenty-first-century community policing program. Recognizing that many neighborhood problems are too big for one resident to handle-but too small for the city to keep up with-city residents have for more than a century created clubs to establish and maintain their neighborhood's particular social dynamics, quality of life, and appearance. Omnipresent yet evanescent, block clubs are sometimes the major outlets for community organizing in the city-especially in neighborhoods otherwise lacking in political strength and clout. Drawing on the stories of hundreds of these groups from across the city, Seligman vividly illustrates what neighbors can-and cannot-accomplish when they work together.

Citizens' associations --- Neighbors --- Community development, Urban --- Societies, etc. --- Chicago. --- block clubs. --- cities. --- citizen participation. --- civic organizations. --- community based organizations. --- community organization. --- neighbor. --- organizations. --- quality of life. --- volunteer.

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Do women participate in and influence meetings equally with men? Does gender shape how a meeting is run and whose voices are heard? The Silent Sex shows how the gender composition and rules of a deliberative body dramatically affect who speaks, how the group interacts, the kinds of issues the group takes up, whose voices prevail, and what the group ultimately decides. It argues that efforts to improve the representation of women will fall short unless they address institutional rules that impede women's voices. Using groundbreaking experimental research supplemented with analysis of school boards, Christopher Karpowitz and Tali Mendelberg demonstrate how the effects of rules depend on women's numbers, so that small numbers are not fatal with a consensus process, but consensus is not always beneficial when there are large numbers of women. Men and women enter deliberative settings facing different expectations about their influence and authority. Karpowitz and Mendelberg reveal how the wrong institutional rules can exacerbate women's deficit of authority while the right rules can close it, and, in the process, establish more cooperative norms of group behavior and more generous policies for the disadvantaged. Rules and numbers have far-reaching implications for the representation of women and their interests. Bringing clarity and insight to one of today's most contentious debates, The Silent Sex provides important new findings on ways to bring women's voices into the conversation on matters of common concern"

Corporate meetings. --- Women. --- Social participation. --- Social interaction. --- Social groups. --- Social psychology. --- Mendelberg, Tali. --- American politics. --- American women. --- advanced economies. --- all-female groups. --- authoritative representation. --- authority. --- children. --- civic activists. --- civic organizations. --- class privileges. --- compassion issues. --- confidence. --- confident participants. --- consensus process. --- cooperation. --- decision making. --- decision-making groups. --- deliberation. --- deliberative democracy. --- democracy. --- descriptive representation. --- disadvantaged groups. --- education. --- efficacy. --- ethnicity. --- female citizens. --- gender composition. --- gender differences. --- gender gap. --- gender. --- government intervention. --- group behaviour. --- group interaction. --- group-level factors. --- income redistribution. --- inequality. --- influence. --- international speakers. --- justice. --- lower confidence. --- majority rule. --- majority-rule meetings. --- meetings. --- men. --- minorities. --- minority status. --- mixed-gender combinations. --- modern America. --- political participation. --- politics. --- poor populations. --- poverty. --- public affairs. --- race. --- representation. --- school boards. --- second-class citizens. --- silent sex. --- social group. --- solidarity. --- speech. --- substantive representation. --- symbolic representation. --- taxes. --- women. --- Corporate meetings --- Women --- Social participation --- Social interaction --- Social groups --- Social psychology