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This paper investigates the empirical relationship between citizens' perceptions of economic and political conditions and the incidence of nonviolent uprisings. Perceptions are measured by aggregating individual-level data from regional barometer surveys. The main results show that negative perceptions of political conditions - proxied by the share of the population that is generally dissatisfied with the way democracy works - have a significant positive effect on the number of protests and strikes. Negative perceptions of economic conditions do not seem to be significantly related to the latter. This generally holds across a large sample of countries and is particularly the case for Western and Central European countries as well as high-income countries. In developing economies, however, social protests appear to be driven by dissatisfaction with economic and political conditions. The heterogeneous effects of perceptions on uprisings across geography and income groups, however, are not robust and susceptible to changes in estimators and model specification. In particular, the international contagion of protests eliminates this international heterogeneity, implying that the incidence of uprisings in nearby countries tends to generate protests at home through its effect on perceptions related to political conditions in high-income countries. Overall, the effect of perceptions about political conditions, along with protest contagion, is robust to the inclusion of numerous control variables that capture actual economic conditions and the quality of governance across countries. The results are also robust to the use of seemingly valid instrumental variables, alternative count-data estimators, and sample composition.

Citizen Perceptions --- Civil Resistance --- Conflict --- Democracy --- Democratic Government --- National Governance --- Nonviolent Uprising --- Political Conflict --- Politics and Government --- Protest Contagion --- Social Conflict and Violence

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This volume examines the applicability of nature-based solutions in ecological restoration practice and in contemporary landscape architecture by bringing together ecology and architecture in the built environment. Green infrastructure is used to address urban challenges such as climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction, and stormwater management. In addition, thermal comfort nature-based solutions reintroduce critical connections between natural and urban systems. In light of ongoing developments in sustainable urban development, the goal is a paradigm shift towards a landscape that restores and rehabilitates urban ecosystems. The ten contributions to this book examine a wide range of successful cases of designing healthier, greener and more resilient landscapes in different geographical contexts, from the United States of America and Brazil, through various European regions, to Singapore and China. While some chapters attempt to conceptualize the interconnections between cities and nature, others clearly have an empirical focus. Therefore, this volume provides a rich body of work and acts as a starting point for further studies on restoration of ecosystems and integrative policies such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Research & information: general --- Geography --- building-integrated photovoltaics --- vertical farming --- shading devices --- design optimisation --- low-carbon architecture --- multi-criteria decision assessment --- old field succession --- tree establishment --- microclimate --- plant-soil interactions --- soil nutrients --- Lapalala Wilderness --- life cycle costs --- stormwater management --- storm water management model --- natural hazard insurance --- climate change adaptation --- disaster risk reduction --- nature-based solutions --- nature assurance scheme --- insurance value of ecosystems --- flood risk reduction --- thermal comfort enhancement --- microclimatic simulations --- Mike Urban --- ENVI-met --- ecological security --- driving force --- yangtze river urban agglomeration --- sustainable tourism --- smart tourism --- mobile applications --- nature recreation --- green infrastructure --- stakeholder participation --- collaborative governance --- urban sustainability --- citizen perceptions --- coastal restoration --- oyster --- marsh --- seagrass --- restoration success --- coastal habitat --- exotic species --- urban biodiversity --- urban ecosystems --- carbon neutral cities --- building-integrated photovoltaics --- vertical farming --- shading devices --- design optimisation --- low-carbon architecture --- multi-criteria decision assessment --- old field succession --- tree establishment --- microclimate --- plant-soil interactions --- soil nutrients --- Lapalala Wilderness --- life cycle costs --- stormwater management --- storm water management model --- natural hazard insurance --- climate change adaptation --- disaster risk reduction --- nature-based solutions --- nature assurance scheme --- insurance value of ecosystems --- flood risk reduction --- thermal comfort enhancement --- microclimatic simulations --- Mike Urban --- ENVI-met --- ecological security --- driving force --- yangtze river urban agglomeration --- sustainable tourism --- smart tourism --- mobile applications --- nature recreation --- green infrastructure --- stakeholder participation --- collaborative governance --- urban sustainability --- citizen perceptions --- coastal restoration --- oyster --- marsh --- seagrass --- restoration success --- coastal habitat --- exotic species --- urban biodiversity --- urban ecosystems --- carbon neutral cities

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The information that comes through digital media and social networks is increasing. This potential access to almost infinite information makes it difficult to select relevant content with a good understanding. It is therefore necessary to generate research that thoroughly analyses the phenomenon of communication and information in the digital age. For this reason, this monograph presents different research studies that highlight the need for greater media literacy and education in order to prevent the existence and dissemination of fake news. Citizens must know how to deal with disinformation and be able to detect the source of bad intentions behind information. Therefore, people need to be aware of the new communication challenges in order to determine what is important, which media they can trust, and where information has been misused or manipulated. In conclusion, society must be prepared to face new challenges related to misinformation. An educated and digitally literate society will be able to face these problems and be prepared to face the new communication challenges, including interaction with social networks, new audiences, new media, fake news, etc.

Research & information: general --- Relacions amb els clients --- Direcció i administració --- digital literacy --- COVID-19 --- generation Z --- students --- lockdown --- higher education --- communication --- Instagram --- demonization --- hate speech --- arab world --- Islamophobia --- social media --- fake news --- young adults --- Spain --- post-trust --- disinformation --- trust --- media credibility --- gatekeepers --- management communication --- strategic communication --- public relations --- journalism --- sport press --- Marca --- As --- Mundo Deportivo --- sport --- rumor --- signing --- transfer --- Real Madrid --- Barcelona --- journalistic rumor --- fashion marketing --- fashion brands --- content analysis --- Facebook --- branded content --- engagement --- social networks --- political bias --- left–right dimension --- misinformation --- media --- consumption --- Generation Z --- young people --- media literacy --- science education --- human evolution --- communication media --- Spanish media --- science communication --- knowledge --- didactic video --- storytelling --- digital media --- YouTube --- virtual learning --- digital marketing --- innovation --- high education --- information --- hoaxes --- citizen perceptions --- social media and new challenges --- fact checkers --- fact-checking agency --- the United Kingdom --- fact-checking services --- business model --- business key elements --- responsibility in young people in Spain --- credibility --- social effects --- communication solutions --- educational influencers --- new audiences --- transmedia production --- descriptive analysis --- methodology --- online community --- questionnaires --- vulnerability

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The information that comes through digital media and social networks is increasing. This potential access to almost infinite information makes it difficult to select relevant content with a good understanding. It is therefore necessary to generate research that thoroughly analyses the phenomenon of communication and information in the digital age. For this reason, this monograph presents different research studies that highlight the need for greater media literacy and education in order to prevent the existence and dissemination of fake news. Citizens must know how to deal with disinformation and be able to detect the source of bad intentions behind information. Therefore, people need to be aware of the new communication challenges in order to determine what is important, which media they can trust, and where information has been misused or manipulated. In conclusion, society must be prepared to face new challenges related to misinformation. An educated and digitally literate society will be able to face these problems and be prepared to face the new communication challenges, including interaction with social networks, new audiences, new media, fake news, etc.

Research & information: general --- Relacions amb els clients --- digital literacy --- COVID-19 --- generation Z --- students --- lockdown --- higher education --- communication --- Instagram --- demonization --- hate speech --- arab world --- Islamophobia --- social media --- fake news --- young adults --- Spain --- post-trust --- disinformation --- trust --- media credibility --- gatekeepers --- management communication --- strategic communication --- public relations --- journalism --- sport press --- Marca --- As --- Mundo Deportivo --- sport --- rumor --- signing --- transfer --- Real Madrid --- Barcelona --- journalistic rumor --- fashion marketing --- fashion brands --- content analysis --- Facebook --- branded content --- engagement --- social networks --- political bias --- left–right dimension --- misinformation --- media --- consumption --- Generation Z --- young people --- media literacy --- science education --- human evolution --- communication media --- Spanish media --- science communication --- knowledge --- didactic video --- storytelling --- digital media --- YouTube --- virtual learning --- digital marketing --- innovation --- high education --- information --- hoaxes --- citizen perceptions --- social media and new challenges --- fact checkers --- fact-checking agency --- the United Kingdom --- fact-checking services --- business model --- business key elements --- responsibility in young people in Spain --- credibility --- social effects --- communication solutions --- educational influencers --- new audiences --- transmedia production --- descriptive analysis --- methodology --- online community --- questionnaires --- vulnerability --- Direcció i administració --- digital literacy --- COVID-19 --- generation Z --- students --- lockdown --- higher education --- communication --- Instagram --- demonization --- hate speech --- arab world --- Islamophobia --- social media --- fake news --- young adults --- Spain --- post-trust --- disinformation --- trust --- media credibility --- gatekeepers --- management communication --- strategic communication --- public relations --- journalism --- sport press --- Marca --- As --- Mundo Deportivo --- sport --- rumor --- signing --- transfer --- Real Madrid --- Barcelona --- journalistic rumor --- fashion marketing --- fashion brands --- content analysis --- Facebook --- branded content --- engagement --- social networks --- political bias --- left–right dimension --- misinformation --- media --- consumption --- Generation Z --- young people --- media literacy --- science education --- human evolution --- communication media --- Spanish media --- science communication --- knowledge --- didactic video --- storytelling --- digital media --- YouTube --- virtual learning --- digital marketing --- innovation --- high education --- information --- hoaxes --- citizen perceptions --- social media and new challenges --- fact checkers --- fact-checking agency --- the United Kingdom --- fact-checking services --- business model --- business key elements --- responsibility in young people in Spain --- credibility --- social effects --- communication solutions --- educational influencers --- new audiences --- transmedia production --- descriptive analysis --- methodology --- online community --- questionnaires --- vulnerability