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Ceramics --- Ceramics. --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay --- noncrystalline ceramics and crystalline ceramics --- modeling --- simulation --- bioceramics and ceramic application in biology --- design --- ceramic processing approaches and manufacturing --- Chemical technology
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ceramics --- glasses --- refractories --- bioceramics --- ceramic matrix composite --- Ceramic materials --- Composite materials --- Composites (Materials) --- Multiphase materials --- Reinforced solids --- Solids, Reinforced --- Two phase materials --- Materials --- Ceramic industries --- Ceramics --- Mines and mineral resources
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Craniomaxillofacial surgery is the field of medical sciences that reconstructs the faces of patients who have had, for example, a car accident or bone cancer. This type of surgery mainly consists of the implantation of a graft to allow the rehabilitation and restoration of the shape and the function of the injured bone region. The current treatments, such as autografts, allografts or alloplastic grafts, present some disadvantages that can have severe consequences for the patient. Cerhum, a company focused on ceramic 3D printing, proposes an implant that overcomes some of these disadvantages: a 3D printed bioceramic bone graft. The ceramic used, which is mainly composed of hydroxyapatite, allows excellent biocompatibility. In addition to its supporting role, the microstructure must have a geometry that guides and stimulates bone regeneration in the implant. The main aim of this research work is to study in silico the influence of different microstructures on the mechanical support performance of the implant. In order to fulfil their role as a guide and stimulus for the bone regeneration process, the microstructures must exhibit several geometrical characteristics, such as a pronounced tortuosity. The different architectures selected are Orthogonal unit cells, TPMS (Triply Periodic Minimal Surface) unit cells (Primitive, Gyroid and Diamond) and Isometric TPMS unit cells (Isometric Gyroid and Isometric Diamond). These microstructures are numerically modelled in scaffolds with four cell repetitions in all three directions. For a given architecture, several scaffolds are built with different porosity percentages. Finite Element (FE) analysis in compression, under the assumption of a quasi-static state, are performed on these models. From this FE analysis, Young's moduli in compression of the different structures are compared. The two main characteristics affecting the elastic mechanical performance of a structure are its architecture and its porosity rate. Young's modulus decreases when the porosity rate increases. The results of this research work suggest that, in the 35-85\% porosity range, Diamond cells present a higher elastic modulus than Orthogonal and other TPMS structures. However, Gyroid scaffolds have Young's moduli in the same order as the bone, unlike Primitive and Diamond. Regarding structures made of Isometric TPMS cells, Diamond and Isometric Diamond have similar Young's moduli in compression. While Isometric Gyroid cells offer higher elastic strength than Gyroid cells. The second part of this research work focuses on scaffolds made of Primitive, Gyroid and Diamond cells including a porosity gradient within the structure. Indeed, as in natural bone, the implant shell is made of a compact structure, i.e. with low porosity, while the interior is spongy, i.e. with higher porosity. The region linking them present a porosity gradient. This study suggests that inserting a porosity gradient weakens the structures. Moreover, regarding the Young's modulus, the sensitivity to porosity gradient is less significant for Gyroid cells than Diamond and Primitive cells. In conclusion, microstructures made of Gyroid cells are the more interesting. Their Young's moduli are matching the native bone one which leads to better implant osseointegration. Their high mechanical resistance remains when explored to porosity gradients.
Graft --- Implant --- Bioceramics --- Microstructure --- Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) --- Porosity gradient --- Scaffold --- In silico study --- Young's modulus --- Modelling --- Compression simulation --- Finite element analysis --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres
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This book highlights novel nano-engineering advances that enable enhanced bone formation at the implant/biomaterial and bone tissue interface, towards bone tissue engineering applications. Spanning a variety of biomaterial categories, from nanofibrous scaffolds (natural and synthetic) to the nanoscale modification of metallic implants, novel bioactive and therapeutic modifications have made it possible to enhance new bone formation, which could be particularly useful for the management of compromised sites.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing --- human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing
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This book highlights novel nano-engineering advances that enable enhanced bone formation at the implant/biomaterial and bone tissue interface, towards bone tissue engineering applications. Spanning a variety of biomaterial categories, from nanofibrous scaffolds (natural and synthetic) to the nanoscale modification of metallic implants, novel bioactive and therapeutic modifications have made it possible to enhance new bone formation, which could be particularly useful for the management of compromised sites.
human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing --- n/a
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This book, entitled “Mesoporous Metal Oxide Films”, contains an editorial and a collection of ten research articles covering fundamental studies and applications of different metal oxide films. Mesoporous materials have been widely investigated and applied in many technological applications owing to their outstanding structural and physical properties. In this book, important developments in this fast-moving field are presented from various research groups around the world. Different preparation methods and applications of these novel and interesting materials have been reported, and it was demonstrated that mesoporosity has a direct impact on the properties and potential applications of such materials. The potential use of mesoporous metal oxide films and coatings with different morphology and structures is demonstrated in many technological applications, particularly chemical and electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, solar cells, photoelectrodes, bioceramics, photonic switches, and anticorrosion agents.
History of engineering & technology --- SnO2 --- Metglas --- hemin --- H2O2 --- cyclic voltammetry --- magnetoelastic resonance --- sensor --- titanium dioxide --- mesoporous --- thin film --- multi-layered --- photoanode --- semiconductor --- photoelectrochemical water oxidation --- Mn2O3 --- mesoporous materials --- electrochemical characterizations --- electrode --- supercapacitors --- gadolinium oxide --- hydrazine --- p-nitrophenol --- electrochemical sensing --- amperometric --- selective sensor --- nanocrystal --- ZnO --- density of states --- optical and electrical properties --- TiO2 films --- Ag nanoparticles --- optical properties --- spectroelectrochemistry --- surface plasmon --- Fe-doped TiO2 --- hydrothermal --- GCE --- chemical sensor --- amperometry --- dye-sensitized solar cells --- working electrode --- TiO2 --- NiO nanoparticles --- electron transport --- corrosion --- guar gum --- coatings --- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) --- SECM --- AFM --- calcium phosphate silicate --- PEG --- bioceramics --- sol-gel preparation --- hard tissue engineering --- metal oxide --- sol-gel --- supercapacitor --- photoelectrode --- dye sensitized solar cell --- NiO
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Biomaterials—the materials used for the manufacturing of medical devices— are part of everyday life. Each one of us has likely had the experience of visting a dentist’s office, where a number of biomaterials are used temporarily or permanently in the mouth. Devices that are more complex are used for to support, heal, or replace living tissues or organs in the body that are suffering or compromised by different conditions. The materials used in their construction are metals and metallic alloys, polymers—ranging from elastomers to adhesives—and ceramics.Within these three cases, there are materials that are inert in the living environment, that perform an active function, or that are dissolved and resorbed by the metabolic pathways. Biomaterials are the outcome of a dynamic field of research that is driven by a growing demand and by the competition among the manufacturers of medical devices, with innovations improving the performance of existing devices and that contribute to the development of new ones. The collection of papers forming this volume have one particular class of of biomaterial in common, ceramic (bioceramic) composites, which as so far been used in applications such as orthopaedic joint replacement as well as in dental implants and restorations and that is being intensively investigated for bone regeneration applications. Today’s bioceramic composites (alumina–zirconia) are the golden standard in joint replacements. Several manufracturers have proposed different zirconia–alumina composites for use in hip, knee, and shoulder joint replacements, with several other innovative devices also being under study. In addition, bioceramic composites with innovative compositions are under development and will be on the market in years to come. Something that is especially interesting is the application of bioceramic composites in the regeneration of bone tissues. Research has devoted special attention to the doping of well-known materials (i.e., calcium phosphates and silicates) with bioactive ions, aiming to enhance the osteogenic ability and bioresorbability of man-made grafts. Moreover, high expectations rely on hybrid biopolymer/ceramic materials that mimic the complex composition and multiscale structure of bone tissue.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- biomaterials --- bone grafts --- bone repair --- dental implants --- scaffolds --- alumina --- zirconia --- Alumina-Toughened Zirconia --- Zirconia-Toughened Alumina --- hip arthroplasty --- calcium phosphates --- hydroxyapatite --- bone cements --- bioactive composites --- bone regeneration --- zirconia–alumina composite --- stabilizing oxides --- critical grain size --- tetragonality --- mechanical properties --- fracture toughness --- flexural strength --- ceramic additive manufacturing --- DLP --- bioceramics --- calcium phosphate --- carbon fibers --- mineralization --- zirconia-toughened alumina --- phase transformation --- Raman spectroscopy --- calcium-based biomineralization --- hydroxyapatite nanoparticles --- biomimicry --- multifunctional materials --- Freeze Foam --- hybrid bone --- biocompatibility --- bone replacement --- transformation toughening --- platelet reinforcement --- hip --- alumina matrix composite --- AMC --- hip prosthesis --- prosthesis --- case series --- ceramic-on-ceramic --- n/a --- zirconia-alumina composite
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This book highlights novel nano-engineering advances that enable enhanced bone formation at the implant/biomaterial and bone tissue interface, towards bone tissue engineering applications. Spanning a variety of biomaterial categories, from nanofibrous scaffolds (natural and synthetic) to the nanoscale modification of metallic implants, novel bioactive and therapeutic modifications have made it possible to enhance new bone formation, which could be particularly useful for the management of compromised sites.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing --- n/a
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