Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative dementia characterized by the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Seniles plaques are extracellular lesions containing an amyloid core surrounded by dystrophic neuritis and glial cells. The major constituent of the amyloid core of senile plaques is a 39-42 amino acid peptide : the amyloid or Aβ peptide. The amyloid peptide results of the proleolytic cleavage of a transmembrane precursor : the amyloid peptide precursor (APP). The intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles are composed of paired helical filaments of PHF; Tau is hyperphosphorylated. The hyperphosphorylation of Tau reduces its binding to microtubes and prevents their stabilization.
During this work, we have tried to develop an experimental model of rat embryonic cortical neurons with contain the human Tau protein. These neurons could phosphorylate the Tau protein and could allow to study the genesis of the neurofibrillary tangles.
We first to introduce the human Tau protein into the cytoplasm of rat neurons in culture using a recombinant Yersinia enterocolitica. These bacteria are able to inject proteins in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Our results show that although Yersinia synthesize large amounts of human Tau protein, the injection of the Tau protein into the cytoplasm of neurons is not very efficient.
Then, we have infected rat neurons with a recombinant adenovirus containing the CDNA encoding the human Tau protein. These neurons produce the Tau protein with an apparent molecular weight suggesting that they are able to phosphorylate the human Tau protein. La maladie d’Alzheimer est une démence dégénérative caractérisée par la formation de plaques sénile et de dégénérescences neurofibrillaires. Les plaques séniles sont des lésions extracellulaires constituées d’un noyau de fibres amyloïdes entouré de neurites dystrophiques et de cellules gliales. Le constituant majeur du noyau de fibres amyloïdes est le peptide de 39 à 43 acides aminés appelé peptide amyloïde ou Aβ. Le peptide amyloïde résulte du clivage protéolytique d’un précurseur transmembranaire : le précurseur du peptide amyloïde (APP). Les dégénérescences neurofibrillaires intraneuronales sont composées de paires hélicoïdales de filaments ou PHF. Leur constituant majeur est une protéine associée aux microtubules : la protéine Tau. Dans les PHF, la protéine Tau est hyperphosphorylée. L’hyper phosphorylation de Tau l’empêche de se lier aux microtubules et de les stabiliser.
Au cours de ce travail, nous avons tenté de mettre au point un modèle expérimental de neurones corticaux embryonnaires de rat contenant la protéine Tau humaines. Ces neurones pourraient phosphoryler, voire hyperphosphoryler la protéine Tau et permettraient d’étudier la genèse des dégénérescences neurofibrillaires.
Nous avons d’abord essayé d’introduire directement la protéine Tau humaine dans le cytoplasme de neurones de rat en culture par l’intermédiaire de Yersina enterocolitica. Ces bactéries sont en effet capables d’injecter des protéines dans le cytoplasme de cellules eucaryotes cible auxquelles elles adhèrent. Nos résultats montrent que, tel que nous l’avons étudié, ce système d’injection de la protéine Tau humaine dans des neurones de rat est malheureusement for peu efficace et rencontre plusieurs problèmes importants.
Nous avons ensuite infecté des neurones de rat par un adénovirus recombinant portant l’ADNc de la protéine Tau humaine. Ces neurones produisent la protéine Tau et ce d’autant plus qu’ils sont infectés par un grand nombre de virus. Le poids moléculaire apparent de la protéine Tau humaine produite par ces neurones laisse présager un état phosphorylé de la protéine.

Tau Proteins --- Rats --- Bacterial Infections

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a priority in biomedical research and a pre-requisite to improve early disease diagnosis and ultimately to developing disease-modifying strategies. In the past decade and a half, geneticists have identified several genes that are involved in the molecular pathogenesis of PD. They not only identified gene variants segregating with familial forms of PD but also genetic risk factors of sporadic PD via genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Understanding how PD genes and their gene products function holds the promise of unraveling key PD pathogenic processes. Therefore the precise cellular role of PD proteins is currently the subject of intense investigation. Interestingly, a number of PD proteins have enzymatic functions, including kinase, GTPase or ATPase functions. In the context of understanding disease pathogenesis or developing disease-modifying therapies, enzymes possess several useful features. Firstly, enzymes are often key elements of cellular signaling networks, acting as on-off switches to determine signaling intensity. For instance, kinases mediate phosphorylation events, which activate or inactivate their substrates, while GTPases modulate activity of their effector proteins via direct interaction in a GDP/GTP dependent manner. ATPases also control cellular processes through their involvement in cellular energy production and/or in transmembrane transport. Secondly, enzymes are attractive targets for therapeutics development. This is exemplified by the growing number of kinase inhibitors approved for clinical use, while compounds modulating GTPases or ATPases have also been proposed as potential therapeutics. Finally, as elements in cellular signaling networks, enzymes are not generally constitutively active but subject to further regulation through additional signaling components. Knowledge of how PD kinases, GTPases and ATPases are activated or inactivated can aid in understanding how PD signaling networks are deregulated in disease and point to new possibilities in targeting pathological signaling processes. The objective of this research topic is to provide an overview of current knowledge on the regulation of cellular signaling networks of PD kinases, GTPases and ATPases. Both upstream and downstream signaling events will be covered, with a focus on molecular events that can readily be monitored (relevance as disease biomarkers) and have a potential to be modulated (relevance as potential therapeutic target).

Enzymes. --- Pathology. --- PINK1 --- Phosphorylation --- ROCO proteins --- LRRK2 --- ATP13A2 --- tau Proteins --- alpha-Synuclein

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

"Autophagy Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia provides an overview for researchers and clinicians on the mechanisms involved in protein degradation in Alzheimer’s. The book discusses the implication of autophagy dysfunction in these diseases and how it causes degenerated proteins, including aggregated tau and aggregated amyloid protein. Other sections explores the possibilities of potential drug development through autophagy modulation, making this a great resource on the study of how autophagy dysfunction has been linked to the accumulation of misfolded proteins that cause death of neurons in Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases"--

Alzheimer's disease --- Autophagic vacuoles. --- Cell death. --- Etiology. --- Cell degeneration --- Cells --- Death (Biology) --- Autophagocytosis --- Alzheimer disease --- Alzheimer's dementia --- Basal ganglia --- Presenile dementia --- Senile dementia --- Diseases --- Amyloid beta-protein --- Nervous system --- Alzheimer Disease --- Autophagy --- Amyloid beta-Peptides --- tau Proteins --- Neurodegenerative Diseases --- Degeneration --- etiology

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Understanding Alzheimer's offers patients and caregivers the kind of cutting-edge information that will allow them to combat this debilitating disease on a number of fronts. The book presents the findings of clinical trials and physician studies to provide patients and caregivers a hopeful perspective and practical ways of living with the disease.

Alzheimer's disease --- Publication Formats --- Dementia --- Tauopathies --- Brain Diseases --- Publication Characteristics --- Neurodegenerative Diseases --- Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Mental Disorders --- Nervous System Diseases --- Diseases --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Alzheimer Disease --- Popular Works --- Psychiatry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Psychiatric Disorders, Individual --- Alzheimer Dementia --- Alzheimer Disease, Early Onset --- Alzheimer Disease, Late Onset --- Alzheimer Sclerosis --- Alzheimer Syndrome --- Alzheimer Type Senile Dementia --- Alzheimer's Disease --- Alzheimer's Disease, Focal Onset --- Alzheimer-Type Dementia (ATD) --- Dementia, Presenile --- Dementia, Primary Senile Degenerative --- Early Onset Alzheimer Disease --- Familial Alzheimer Disease (FAD) --- Focal Onset Alzheimer's Disease --- Late Onset Alzheimer Disease --- Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia --- Senile Dementia, Acute Confusional --- Acute Confusional Senile Dementia --- Alzheimer's Diseases --- Dementia, Alzheimer Type --- Dementia, Senile --- Presenile Alzheimer Dementia --- Senile Dementia, Alzheimer Type --- Alzheimer Dementias --- Alzheimer Disease, Familial (FAD) --- Alzheimer Diseases --- Alzheimer Type Dementia --- Alzheimer Type Dementia (ATD) --- Alzheimers Diseases --- Dementia, Alzheimer --- Dementia, Alzheimer-Type (ATD) --- Familial Alzheimer Diseases (FAD) --- Presenile Dementia --- Sclerosis, Alzheimer --- Senile Dementia --- Nervous System Disorders --- Neurological Disorders --- Neurologic Disorders --- Disease, Nervous System --- Diseases, Nervous System --- Disorder, Nervous System --- Disorder, Neurologic --- Disorder, Neurological --- Disorders, Nervous System --- Disorders, Neurologic --- Disorders, Neurological --- Nervous System Disease --- Nervous System Disorder --- Neurologic Disorder --- Neurological Disorder --- Neurology --- Behavior Disorders --- Diagnosis, Psychiatric --- Mental Disorders, Severe --- Psychiatric Diagnosis --- Mental Illness --- Psychiatric Diseases --- Psychiatric Disorders --- Psychiatric Illness --- Illness, Mental --- Mental Disorder --- Mental Disorder, Severe --- Mental Illnesses --- Psychiatric Disease --- Psychiatric Disorder --- Psychiatric Illnesses --- Severe Mental Disorder --- Severe Mental Disorders --- Mentally Ill Persons --- CNS Diseases --- Central Nervous System Disorders --- CNS Disease --- Central Nervous System Disease --- Central Nervous System Disorder --- Nonpsychotic Organic Brain Syndrome --- Clerambault Syndrome --- Kandinsky Syndrome --- Mental Disorders, Organic --- Organic Brain Syndrome, Nonpsychotic --- Organic Mental Disorders --- Organic Mental Disorders, Psychotic --- Psychoses, Traumatic --- Disorder, Neurocognitive --- Disorders, Neurocognitive --- Disorders, Organic Mental --- Mental Disorder, Organic --- Neurocognitive Disorder --- Organic Mental Disorder --- Traumatic Psychoses --- Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System --- Degenerative Diseases, Neurologic --- Degenerative Diseases, Spinal Cord --- Degenerative Neurologic Diseases --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorders --- Nervous System Degenerative Diseases --- Neurodegenerative Disorders --- Neurologic Degenerative Conditions --- Neurologic Degenerative Diseases --- Neurologic Diseases, Degenerative --- Degenerative Diseases, Nervous System --- Degenerative Condition, Neurologic --- Degenerative Conditions, Neurologic --- Degenerative Neurologic Disease --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorder --- Neurodegenerative Disease --- Neurodegenerative Disorder --- Neurologic Degenerative Condition --- Neurologic Degenerative Disease --- Neurologic Disease, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorder, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorders, Degenerative --- Brain Disorders --- CNS Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders --- Encephalon Diseases --- Encephalopathy --- Intracranial CNS Disorders --- Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders --- Brain Disease --- Brain Disorder --- CNS Disorder, Intracranial --- Encephalon Disease --- Encephalopathies --- Intracranial CNS Disorder --- Tauopathy --- Neurofibrillary Tangles --- tau Proteins --- Amentia --- Familial Dementia --- Senile Paranoid Dementia --- Amentias --- Dementia, Familial --- Dementias --- Dementias, Familial --- Dementias, Senile Paranoid --- Familial Dementias --- Paranoid Dementia, Senile --- Paranoid Dementias, Senile --- Senile Paranoid Dementias --- Ziekte van Alzheimer --- Autisme --- Alzheimer Disease. --- Autismespectrumstoornis

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

From the opening sequence, in which mid-19th-century Indian fishermen hear the possibility of redemption in an old woman's madness, 'No Aging in India' captures the reader with its interplay of story and analysis.

Aging --- Alzheimer's disease --- Ethnology --- Senile dementia --- Alzheimer Disease --- Dementia --- Family --- Anthropology, Cultural --- Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders --- Growth and Development --- Brain Diseases --- Anthropology --- Tauopathies --- Physiological Processes --- Mental Disorders --- Social Sciences --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Neurodegenerative Diseases --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Nervous System Diseases --- Physiological Phenomena --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Diseases --- Phenomena and Processes --- Social & Cultural Anthropology --- Anthropological aspects --- Anthropological aspects. --- Vārānasi (India) --- India --- Social life and customs. --- Behavior Disorders --- Diagnosis, Psychiatric --- Mental Disorders, Severe --- Psychiatric Diagnosis --- Disorder, Mental --- Disorder, Severe Mental --- Disorders, Behavior --- Disorders, Mental --- Disorders, Severe Mental --- Mental Disorder --- Mental Disorder, Severe --- Severe Mental Disorder --- Severe Mental Disorders --- Physiological Concepts --- Physiological Phenomenon --- Physiological Process --- Concept, Physiological --- Concepts, Physiological --- Phenomena, Physiological --- Phenomenas, Physiological --- Phenomenon, Physiological --- Physiological Concept --- Process, Physiological --- Processes, Physiological --- Nervous System Disorders --- Neurological Disorders --- Neurologic Disorders --- Disease, Nervous System --- Diseases, Nervous System --- Disorder, Nervous System --- Disorder, Neurologic --- Disorder, Neurological --- Disorders, Nervous System --- Disorders, Neurologic --- Disorders, Neurological --- Nervous System Disease --- Nervous System Disorder --- Neurologic Disorder --- Neurological Disorder --- Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System --- Degenerative Diseases, Neurologic --- Degenerative Diseases, Spinal Cord --- Degenerative Neurologic Diseases --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorders --- Nervous System Degenerative Diseases --- Neurodegenerative Disorders --- Neurologic Degenerative Conditions --- Neurologic Degenerative Diseases --- Neurologic Diseases, Degenerative --- Degenerative Diseases, Nervous System --- Degenerative Condition, Neurologic --- Degenerative Conditions, Neurologic --- Degenerative Neurologic Disease --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorder --- Neurodegenerative Disease --- Neurodegenerative Disorder --- Neurologic Degenerative Condition --- Neurologic Degenerative Disease --- Neurologic Disease, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorder, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorders, Degenerative --- CNS Diseases --- Central Nervous System Disorders --- CNS Disease --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Tauopathy --- Brain Disorders --- CNS Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders --- Encephalon Diseases --- Encephalopathy --- Intracranial CNS Disorders --- Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders --- Brain Disease --- Brain Disorder --- CNS Disorder, Intracranial --- Encephalon Disease --- Encephalopathies --- Intracranial CNS Disorder --- Development and Growth --- Nonpsychotic Organic Brain Syndrome --- Clerambault Syndrome --- Kandinsky Syndrome --- Mental Disorders, Organic --- Organic Brain Syndrome, Nonpsychotic --- Organic Mental Disorders --- Organic Mental Disorders, Psychotic --- Psychoses, Traumatic --- Disorder, Neurocognitive --- Disorders, Neurocognitive --- Disorders, Organic Mental --- Mental Disorder, Organic --- Neurocognitive Disorder --- Organic Mental Disorder --- Traumatic Psychoses --- Cultural Anthropology --- Ethnography --- Ethnographies --- Alzheimer disease --- Alzheimer's dementia --- Senile psychoses --- Senility --- Age --- Ageing --- Senescence --- Cultural anthropology --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Extended Family --- Family Life Cycle --- Family Research --- Filiation --- Kinship Networks --- Relatives --- Family Life Cycles --- Family Members --- Family, Reconstituted --- Stepfamily --- Extended Families --- Families --- Families, Extended --- Families, Reconstituted --- Family Member --- Family, Extended --- Kinship Network --- Life Cycle, Family --- Life Cycles, Family --- Network, Kinship --- Networks, Kinship --- Reconstituted Families --- Reconstituted Family --- Research, Family --- Stepfamilies --- Amentia --- Familial Dementia --- Senile Paranoid Dementia --- Amentias --- Dementia, Familial --- Dementias --- Dementias, Familial --- Dementias, Senile Paranoid --- Familial Dementias --- Paranoid Dementia, Senile --- Paranoid Dementias, Senile --- Senile Paranoid Dementias --- Alzheimer Dementia (AD) --- Alzheimer Disease, Early Onset --- Alzheimer Disease, Late Onset --- Alzheimer Sclerosis --- Alzheimer Syndrome --- Alzheimer Type Senile Dementia --- Alzheimer's Disease --- Alzheimer's Disease, Focal Onset --- Alzheimer-Type Dementia (ATD) --- Dementia, Presenile --- Dementia, Primary Senile Degenerative --- Early Onset Alzheimer Disease --- Familial Alzheimer Disease (FAD) --- Focal Onset Alzheimer's Disease --- Late Onset Alzheimer Disease --- Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia --- Senile Dementia, Acute Confusional --- Acute Confusional Senile Dementia --- Dementia, Alzheimer Type --- Dementia, Senile --- Presenile Alzheimer Dementia --- Senile Dementia, Alzheimer Type --- Alzheimer Type Dementia --- Alzheimer Type Dementia (ATD) --- Dementia, Alzheimer (AD) --- Dementia, Alzheimer-Type (ATD) --- Disease, Alzheimer --- Disease, Alzheimer's --- Presenile Dementia --- Sclerosis, Alzheimer --- Senile Dementia --- Syndrome, Alzheimer --- Aging, Biological --- Biological Aging --- Physiological effect --- Mentally Ill Persons --- Neurology --- Neurofibrillary Tangles --- tau Proteins --- Developmental Biology --- Qualitative Research --- Basal ganglia --- Presenile dementia --- Developmental biology --- Gerontology --- Longevity --- Age factors in disease --- Human beings --- Grandparents --- Alzheimer Dementia --- Alzheimer Dementias --- Alzheimer Disease, Familial (FAD) --- Alzheimer Diseases, Familial (FAD) --- Dementia, Alzheimer --- Dementias, Alzheimer --- Familial Alzheimer Diseases (FAD) --- Mutation Accumulation --- Republic of India --- Vārānasi (Uttar Pradesh, India) --- Social life and customs --- Varanasi (India) --- Psychiatric Diseases --- Psychiatric Disorders --- Psychiatric Illness --- Psychiatric Disease --- Psychiatric Disorder --- Psychiatric Illnesses --- Material Culture --- Culture, Material --- Material Cultures --- Benares (India) --- Banāras (India) --- Kasi (India) --- Varanasi Municipal Corporation (India) --- Kashi (India) --- Varanassi (India) --- Banārasa (India) --- Варанаси (India) --- Nagara Nigama Vārāṇasī (India) --- Vārāṇasī Nagara Nigama (India) --- Mahakashi (India) --- Alzheimer's Diseases --- Alzheimer Diseases --- Alzheimers Diseases --- Alzheimer's disease - India - Vārānasi (Uttar Pradesh --- Ethnology - India - Vārānasi (Uttar Pradesh) --- Senile dementia - India - Vārānasi (Uttar Pradesh --- Aging - Anthropological aspects --- Aging - Anthropological aspects - India - Vārānasi (Uttar Pradesh) --- Vārānasi (Uttar Pradesh, India) - Social life and customs