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As Japan's newfound economic power leads to increased political power, there is concern that Japan may be turning East Asia into a regional economic bloc to rival the U.S. and Europe. In Regionalism and Rivalry, leading economists and political scientists address this concern by looking at three central questions: Is Japan forming a trading bloc in Pacific Asia? Does Japan use foreign direct investment in Southeast Asia to achieve national goals? Does Japan possess the leadership qualities necessary for a nation assuming greater political responsibility in international affairs? The authors contend that although intraregional trade in East Asia is growing rapidly, a trade bloc is not necessarily forming. They show that the trade increase can be explained entirely by factors independent of discriminatory trading arrangements, such as the rapid growth of East Asian economies. Other chapters look in detail at cases of Japanese direct investment in Southeast Asia and find little evidence of attempts by Japan to use the power of its multinational corporations for political purposes. A third group of papers attempt to gauge Japan's leadership characteristics. They focus on Japan's "technology ideology," its contributions to international public goods, international monetary cooperation, and economic liberalization in East Asia.

Investments, Japanese --- East Asia --- Japan --- Southeast Asia --- United States --- Economic integration --- Foreign economic relations --- japan, economics, power, government, foreign relations, political science, regionalism, trading bloc, pacific asia, investment, leadership, economy, growth, pricing strategies, yen, technology, industry, aircraft, military, manufacturing, national security, finance, regional cooperation, domestic politics, economic liberalization, burdensharing, aid, nonfiction, trade.

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Pension reform is high on the agenda of many advanced and emerging market economies, for many reasons. First, public pensions often constitute a large share of government expenditure. Second, population aging means that reforms would be needed just to keep pension spending from rising in the future. Third, in many economies, low or falling pension coverage will leave large segments of the population without adequate income in old age and at risk of falling into poverty. Although a number of studies have assessed the effects of pension reforms on fiscal sustainability, a systematic analysis of equity issues in pension systems—and how countries have grappled with these issues—has yet to be undertaken. This book brings together the latest research on equity issues related to pension systems and pension reforms in the post-crisis world. Some of the key issues covered include: the effect of pension systems on intergenerational equity and the impact of pension reforms on poverty, the effects of pension reform measures on fiscal sustainability and equity, and the fiscal consequences of achieving different equity goals. It also presents country case studies. The volume provides a rich menu of material to assist policymakers and academic audiences seeking to understand the latest research in this area, as well as the lessons and challenges for the design of reforms.

Insurance. --- Pensions. --- Retirement income. --- Social security -- Finance. --- Pensions --- Retirement income --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Compensation --- Pension plans --- Retirement pensions --- Superannuation --- Income --- Annuities --- Social security individual investment accounts --- Vested benefits --- E-books --- #SBIB:316.8H40 --- #SBIB:35H437 --- Sociaal beleid: social policy, sociale zekerheid, verzorgingsstaat --- Beleidssectoren: sociale zekerheid --- Singapore --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Demography --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Social Security and Public Pensions --- Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits --- Private Pensions --- Economics of the Elderly --- Economics of the Handicapped --- Non-labor Market Discrimination --- Retirement --- Retirement Policies --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Population & demography --- Labour --- income economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Pension spending --- Aging --- Pension reform --- Expenditure --- Population and demographics --- Population aging --- Wages --- Poverty --- Income economics

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This book surveys the current state of public economics by taking as a case study the proposal for a basic income financed by a flat income tax. It revises the area in which there has been active research in recent years, including the theory of optimum, the incidence of taxation, public choice theory, and tax benefit models.

Flat-rate income tax --- Guaranteed annual income --- Income tax --- Social choice --- Social security --- Impôt sur le revenu --- Revenu annuel garanti --- Choix collectif --- Sécurité sociale --- Finance --- Taux uniforme --- Finances --- Social Security --- finance --- 336.1 --- 336.215.21 --- 36 --- 330.56 --- -Guaranteed annual income --- 351.713*12 --- Choice, Social --- Collective choice --- Public choice --- Choice (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Welfare economics --- Annual income guarantee --- Guaranteed income --- Economic security --- Income --- Income maintenance programs --- Insurance, Social --- Insurance, State and compulsory --- Social insurance --- Insurance --- Flat income tax --- Flat-rate tax --- Flat tax --- Tax, Flat --- Personal income tax --- Taxable income --- Taxation of income --- Direct taxation --- Internal revenue --- Progressive taxation --- Tithes --- Wages --- Public finance, government finance in general --- Negatieve belastingsinkomsten --- Maatschappelijk werk --- Nationaal inkomen. Volksinkomen. Gezinsinkomen. Vermogensstratificatie. Particuliere inkomens en bestedingen. Armoede. Honger --- Taxation --- Flat-rate income tax. --- Guaranteed annual income. --- Income tax. --- Social choice. --- Finance. --- 330.56 Nationaal inkomen. Volksinkomen. Gezinsinkomen. Vermogensstratificatie. Particuliere inkomens en bestedingen. Armoede. Honger --- 36 Maatschappelijk werk --- 336.215.21 Negatieve belastingsinkomsten --- 336.1 Public finance, government finance in general --- Impôt sur le revenu --- Sécurité sociale --- E-books --- Basic income. --- Basic income guarantee --- Guaranteed minimum income --- Universal basic income --- Basic income --- 36 Safeguarding the mental and material necessities of life --- Safeguarding the mental and material necessities of life --- 36 Waarborgen van de mentale en materiële behoeften van het leven; maatschappelijk werk --- Waarborgen van de mentale en materiële behoeften van het leven; maatschappelijk werk --- Social Security - finance

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A powerful new understanding of global currency trends, including the rise of the Chinese yuanAt first glance, the modern history of the global economic system seems to support the long-held view that the leading world power's currency-the British pound, the U.S. dollar, and perhaps someday the Chinese yuan-invariably dominates international trade and finance. In How Global Currencies Work, three noted economists provide a reassessment of this history and the theories behind the conventional wisdom.Offering a new history of global finance over the past two centuries, and marshaling extensive new data to test established theories of how global currencies work, Barry Eichengreen, Arnaud Mehl, and Livia Chiţu argue for a new view, in which several national monies can share international currency status, and their importance can change rapidly. They demonstrate how changes in technology and in the structure of international trade and finance have reshaped the landscape of international currencies so that several international financial standards can coexist. They show that multiple international and reserve currencies have in fact coexisted in the pastupending the traditional view of the British pound's dominance prior to 1945 and the U.S. dollar's dominance more recently.Looking forward, the book tackles the implications of this new framework for major questions facing the future of the international monetary system, from whether the euro and the Chinese yuan might address their respective challenges and perhaps rival the dollar, to how increased currency competition might affect global financial stability.

Valute. --- Money. --- International finance. --- Account (accountancy). --- Annual report. --- Asset. --- Balance sheet. --- Bank for International Settlements. --- Bank of England. --- Bank of Japan. --- Bank rate. --- Bank. --- Barry Eichengreen. --- Bond (finance). --- Bretton Woods system. --- Canadian dollar. --- Capital control. --- Capital market. --- Central bank. --- Commodity. --- Credibility. --- Credit (finance). --- Credit risk. --- Currency Internationalization. --- Currency competition. --- Currency swap. --- Currency. --- Current account. --- Customer. --- Debt. --- Deflation. --- Determinant. --- Deutsche Mark. --- Devaluation. --- Discounts and allowances. --- Economics. --- Economist. --- Economy. --- Endogeneity (econometrics). --- Estimation. --- European Central Bank. --- Exchange rate. --- Export. --- Federal Reserve Bank. --- Fiat money. --- Finance. --- Financial crisis. --- Financial deepening. --- Financial institution. --- Financial transaction. --- Foreign Exchange Reserves. --- Foreign direct investment. --- Foreign exchange market. --- French franc. --- Gold reserve. --- Gold standard. --- Government debt. --- Gross world product. --- Import. --- Inflation. --- Institution. --- Interest rate. --- International Monetary Fund. --- International monetary systems. --- International trade. --- Internationalization. --- Investment. --- Investor. --- Invoice. --- Issuer. --- Liberalization. --- Local currency. --- Market capitalization. --- Market liquidity. --- Market participant. --- Monetary policy. --- Money market. --- Natural monopoly. --- Network effect. --- Payment. --- Pound sterling. --- Receipt. --- Renminbi. --- Reserve currency. --- Securitization. --- Security (finance). --- Sterling area. --- Store of value. --- Supply (economics). --- Swiss franc. --- Tax. --- Trade credit. --- Treasury Bill. --- U.S. Bancorp. --- Underwriting. --- Unit of account. --- United States dollar. --- Valuation effects. --- World War II. --- World currency. --- World economy.

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How the financial pressures of paying for college affect the lives and well-being of middle-class families The struggle to pay for college is a defining feature of middle-class life in America. Caitlin Zaloom takes readers into homes of families throughout the nation to reveal the hidden consequences of student debt and the ways that financing college has transformed our most sacred relationships. She describes the profound moral conflicts for parents as they try to honor what they see as their highest parental duty-providing their children with opportunity-and shows how parents and students alike are forced to gamble on an investment that might not pay off. Superbly written and unflinchingly honest, Indebted breaks through the culture of silence surrounding the student debt crisis, exposing the unspoken costs of sending our kids to college.

Student loans. --- Middle class families. --- Loans, Personal. --- Education, Higher --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Social Classes --- Middle class families --- Loans, Personal --- Student loans --- Student loan funds --- Student loan programs --- Loans --- Student aid --- Scholarships --- Families --- Consumer loans --- Loans, Consumer --- Loans, Small --- Personal loans --- Small loans --- Consumer credit --- Finance. --- Costs. --- United States. --- 529 plan. --- Ability To Pay. --- Adviser. --- African American Family. --- African Americans. --- Aid. --- American middle class. --- Americans. --- Anthropologist. --- Associate degree. --- Bachelor's degree. --- Bankruptcy. --- Calculation. --- Capitalism. --- Career. --- Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. --- Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. --- College Board. --- Community college. --- Consideration. --- Customer. --- Debt. --- Determination. --- Economics. --- Economist. --- Education. --- Employment. --- Expected Family Contribution. --- Expense. --- FAFSA. --- Family Lives. --- Family income. --- Financial adviser. --- Financial literacy. --- For-profit higher education in the United States. --- Funding. --- Graduation. --- Grandparent. --- Higher education. --- His Family. --- Historically black colleges and universities. --- Home equity. --- Household. --- Income. --- Institution. --- Interview. --- Investment fund. --- Investor. --- Middle class. --- Mortgage loan. --- Nancy Fraser. --- Narrative. --- New York University. --- Nuclear family. --- Of Education. --- Oppression. --- PLUS Loan. --- Parenting. --- Payment. --- Pension. --- Poverty. --- Private school. --- Private university. --- Public institution (United States). --- Public university. --- Pundit. --- Racism. --- Rational choice theory. --- Remarriage. --- Repayment plan. --- Requirement. --- Research assistant. --- Retirement. --- Russell Sage Foundation. --- Salary. --- Sallie Mae. --- Saving. --- Scholarship. --- Security (finance). --- Sibling. --- Social mobility. --- Social science. --- Sociology. --- Standard of living. --- State school. --- Student debt. --- Student loan. --- Student. --- Subsidy. --- Tax. --- Technology. --- Trade-off. --- Tuition payments. --- Uncertainty. --- University. --- Vocational education. --- Wealth. --- Welfare. --- Year. --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi͡avks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- É.-U. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- ÉU --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si͡evero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si͡evernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi͡ednani Derz͡havy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi͡a Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz͡havy --- ZSA