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Reproduction --- Developmental biology --- Developmental Biology. --- Reproduction. --- Developmental biology. --- Voortplanting (biologie) --- Amphimixis --- Generation --- Pangenesis --- Procreation --- Development (Biology) --- Human Reproductive Index --- Human Reproductive Indexes --- Reproductive Period --- Human Reproductive Indices --- Index, Human Reproductive --- Indexes, Human Reproductive --- Indices, Human Reproductive --- Period, Reproductive --- Periods, Reproductive --- Reproductive Index, Human --- Reproductive Indices, Human --- Reproductive Periods --- Biology, Developmental --- Biology --- Life (Biology) --- Physiology --- Sex (Biology) --- Embryology --- Generative organs --- Theriogenology --- Growth --- Ontogeny --- Embryonic and Fetal Development --- Growth and Development --- Agriculture Sciences --- Agricultural Biotechnology --- Auxology --- gametogenesis --- early embryonic development --- placenta development --- implantation --- reproductive endocrine function --- reproductive organ development --- Reproducción --- Biología del desarrollo --- Biologie du développement

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Urogenital Surgical Procedures --- Genitalia --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Urogenital System --- Anatomy --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Genitalia, Female --- Gynecologic Surgical Procedures --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gynecology & Obstetrics --- Gynecologic Surgery --- Gynecologic Surgical Procedure --- Gynecological Surgical Procedure --- Procedure, Gynecologic Surgical --- Procedures, Gynecologic Surgical --- Surgery, Gynecological --- Surgical Procedure, Gynecologic --- Surgical Procedures, Gynecologic --- Gynecologic Surgeries --- Gynecological Surgeries --- Gynecological Surgery --- Gynecological Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Gynecological Surgical --- Procedures, Gynecological Surgical --- Surgeries, Gynecologic --- Surgeries, Gynecological --- Surgery, Gynecologic --- Surgical Procedure, Gynecological --- Surgical Procedures, Gynecological --- Gynecology --- Genital Organs, Female --- Genitals, Female --- Reproductive System, Female --- Accessory Sex Organs, Female --- Sex Organs, Accessory, Female --- Female Genital --- Female Genital Organ --- Female Genital Organs --- Female Genitalia --- Female Genitals --- Female Reproductive System --- Female Reproductive Systems --- Genital Organ, Female --- Genital, Female --- Reproductive Systems, Female --- Anatomies --- Genitourinary System --- Genitourinary Systems --- System, Genitourinary --- System, Urogenital --- Systems, Genitourinary --- Systems, Urogenital --- Urogenital Systems --- Ghost Surgery --- Operative Procedures --- Operative Surgical Procedure --- Operative Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Operative Surgical --- Procedures, Operative Surgical --- Surgery, Ghost --- Surgical Procedure, Operative --- Surgical Procedures --- Operative Procedure --- Procedure, Operative --- Procedure, Surgical --- Procedures, Operative --- Procedures, Surgical --- Surgical Procedure --- General Surgery --- Genital System --- Genitals --- Reproductive Organs --- Reproductive System --- Accessory Sex Organs --- Genital Organs --- Sex Organs, Accessory --- Accessory Sex Organ --- Genital --- Genital Organ --- Genital Systems --- Organ, Accessory Sex --- Organ, Genital --- Organ, Reproductive --- Organs, Accessory Sex --- Organs, Genital --- Organs, Reproductive --- Reproductive Organ --- Reproductive Systems --- Sex Organ, Accessory --- System, Genital --- System, Reproductive --- Systems, Genital --- Systems, Reproductive --- Procedure, Urogenital Surgical --- Procedures, Urogenital Surgical --- Surgical Procedure, Urogenital --- Surgical Procedures, Urogenital --- Urogenital Surgical Procedure

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Herbaceous field crops include several hundred plant species worldly widespread for different end-uses, from food to no-food applications. Among them are included cereals, grain legumes, sugar beet, potato, cotton, tobacco, sunflower, safflower, rape, flax, soybean, alfalfa, clover spp. and other fodder crops, but only 15–20 species play a relevant role for the worldly global economy. Nowadays, to meet the food demand of the ever-increasing world population in a scenario of decreased arable lands, the development of holistic agricultural management approaches to boost contemporaneously yield and quality of herbaceous field crops is essential. Accordingly, this book represents an up-to-date collection of the current understanding of the impact of several agricultural management factors (i.e., genetic selection, planting density and arrangement, fertilization, irrigation, weed control and harvest time) on the yield and qualitative performances of 11 field crops (wheat, cardoon, potato, clary sage, basil, sugarcane, canola, cotton, tomato, lettuce and hemp). On the whole, the topics covered in this book will ensure students and academic readers, such as plant physiologists, environmental scientists, biotechnologists, botanists, soil chemists and agronomists, to get the information about the recent research advances on the eco-sustainable management cultivation of herbaceous field crops, with a particular focus on varietal development, soil nutrient and water management, weed control, etc.

planting density --- fertilization --- the central composite design --- fiber yield --- analog optimization --- potato --- nitrogen fertilization --- environmental sustainability --- cost-effective --- nitrogen use efficiency --- tuber yield --- EONFR --- growth --- specific leaf nitrogen --- critical nitrogen uptake --- cotton --- dry matter yield --- root growth --- root physiology --- water productivity --- nitrogen productivity --- drip irrigation quota --- lint yield --- biomass --- leaf chlorophyll fluorescence --- leaf gas exchange --- leaf structure --- drought tolerance --- dry weight yield --- essential oil content --- leaf area index --- Ocimum basilicum --- potassium --- fertilizer --- biomass accumulation --- fiber quality --- organic farming system --- yield --- pH --- soluble solid content --- Bostwick viscosity --- phosphorus sensitivity --- phosphorus --- reproductive organ biomass --- nutrients accumulation --- plant density --- nitrogen fertilization rate --- photosynthesis rate --- SPAD readings --- nitrogen efficiency indices --- tuber nutritional composition --- cereal crops --- plant water extracts --- bioherbicides --- weed management --- allelopathy --- dual purpose canola --- nitrogen fertilizer --- oil content --- grazing --- sustainable agriculture --- integrated weed management --- yield losses --- preventive weed control --- mechanical weed control --- physical weed control --- biological weed control --- herbicides --- hybrids --- wheat --- weeds --- competition --- genetic gain --- genomic selection --- quantitative genetics --- sugarcane breeding --- pit plantation --- planting patterns --- ratoon crop --- sowing techniques --- sugarcane yield --- quality --- seasonal variation --- fatty acids --- free sugars --- chemical composition --- Cynara cardunculus L. --- cardoon --- organic acids --- clary sage --- essential oil --- aromatic plant species --- biometric and agronomic characteristics --- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi --- organic farming --- calcareous soils --- crop physiology --- sustainability --- diatomaceous earth --- monosilicic acid --- Si application method --- soil water conditions --- wheat cultivar --- tocopherols --- lipidic fraction --- companion plants --- N-fertilization --- partial land equivalent ratio (PLER) --- weed control --- grain quality --- productivity --- n/a

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Ten years have passed since the nuclear accident occurred in Fukushima, Japan, following the Great East Japan earthquake. Thereafter, many people around the world have been concerned about the risks posed by radiation. They still believe that even a small amount of radiation exposure will affect human health. In reality, however, there are many natural radionuclides in the environment, which emit a variety of types of radiation. Although it is well known that there is a positively linear relationship between acute radiation exposure and cancer risk in atomic bomb survivors, the risk of chronic radiation exposure due to natural radionuclides cannot be well explained to people who have lived in high-background radiation areas for many generations. Therefore, more studies in this research field are required to obtain new scientific findings. In order to promote further scientific activities, it will be the best for us to understand the current status of this field by summarizing what we have apprehended so far. This Special Issue will highlight measurement data, methodologies, radiation biology, and risk assessment related to radiation.

Biography & True Stories --- air dose rate --- difficult-to-return zone --- evacuation order-lifted areas --- effective dose rate --- external exposure risk --- Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident --- living space --- radiocesium --- surface soil --- Tomioka town --- tritium monitoring --- fusion test facility --- deuterium plasma experiment --- monthly precipitation --- chemical composition --- Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant --- strontium-90 --- cesium-137 --- seawater monitoring --- contaminated water --- dose assessment --- Japan --- bottled water --- guidance level --- WHO --- natural radionuclides --- artificial radionuclides --- effective dose --- ingestion --- passive radon monitor --- development --- sensitivity --- detection limit --- air-exchange rate --- total diet study --- radioactive cesium --- potassium-40 --- dietary intake --- Fukushima accident --- 222Rn progeny --- 220Rn progeny --- CR-39 --- equilibrium equivalent concentration --- deposition velocity --- thoron --- thoron progeny --- indoor environment --- measurement technique --- radioactivity --- residential exposure --- dose --- gamma radiation --- health risk --- radon mapping --- 226Ra --- 228Ra --- 238U --- well water --- radiological hazards --- REE and uranium mines --- northern Vietnam --- radon --- hot spring --- public health --- Namie Town --- cesium-134 --- external exposure dose evaluation --- radon concentration --- groundwater --- residence time --- limestone aquifer --- Okinawa Island --- indoor --- environment --- nationwide survey --- SSNTD --- radon potential map --- geography information systems --- geology --- risk --- exhalation rate --- long-term measurement --- seasonal variation --- Fukushima --- free-roaming cat --- reproductive organ --- internal contamination --- Waddawalla / Well 40 (Great Sandy Desert WA SF51-08)

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The development of new plant varieties is a long and tedious process involving the generation of large seedling populations for the selection of the best individuals. While the ability of breeders to generate large populations is almost unlimited, the selection of these seedlings is the main factor limiting the generation of new cultivars. Molecular studies for the development of marker-assisted selection (MAS) strategies are particularly useful when the evaluation of the character is expensive, time-consuming, or with long juvenile periods. The papers published in the Special Issue “Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding” report highly novel results and testable new models for the integrative analysis of genetic (phenotyping and transmission of agronomic characters), physiology (flowering, ripening, organ development), genomic (DNA regions responsible for the different agronomic characters), transcriptomic (gene expression analysis of the characters), proteomic (proteins and enzymes involved in the expression of the characters), metabolomic (secondary metabolites), and epigenetic (DNA methylation and histone modifications) approaches for the development of new MAS strategies. These molecular approaches together with an increasingly accurate phenotyping will facilitate the breeding of new climate-resilient varieties resistant to abiotic and biotic stress, with suitable productivity and quality, to extend the adaptation and viability of the current varieties.

n/a --- GA2ox7 --- cabbage --- OsGPAT3 --- oleic acid --- OsCDPK1 --- nutrient use efficiency --- stem borer --- yellow-green-leaf mutant --- branching --- epigenetics --- NPK fertilizers --- particle bombardment --- stress tolerance --- overexpression --- glycine --- heat-stress --- bulk segregant RNA-seq --- Prunus --- protein-protein interaction --- AdRAP2.3 --- plant architecture --- waterlogging stress --- genes --- Cucumis sativus L. --- Flower color --- resistance --- Tobacco --- gynomonoecy --- drought stress --- Brassica oleracea --- starch biosynthesis --- Overexpression --- WUS --- agronomic traits --- Ghd7 --- the modified MutMap method --- cry2A gene --- light-induced --- gene expression --- breeding --- Heterodera schachtii --- ABA --- Green tissue-specific expression --- subcellular localization --- squamosa promoter binding protein-like --- transcriptome --- FAD2 --- As3+ stress --- metallothionein --- flowering --- bisulfite sequencing --- tomato --- quantitative trait loci --- Promoter --- marker–trait association --- DEGs --- cytoplasmic male sterile --- Rosa rugosa --- MADS transcription factor --- yield --- P. suffruticosa --- CYC2 --- common wild rice --- Actinidia deliciosa --- gene-by-gene interaction --- Aechmea fasciata --- hybrid rice --- soybean --- R2R3-MYB --- bread wheat --- BRANCHED1 (BRC1) --- linoleic acid --- differentially expressed genes --- complex traits --- transgenic chrysanthemum --- D-genome --- Brassica --- candidate gene --- SmJMT --- gene expression pattern --- RNA-Seq --- candidate genes --- leaf shape --- Brassica napus --- recombination-suppressed region --- anthocyanin --- WRKY transcription factor --- Idesia polycarpa var --- single nucleotide polymorphism --- bud abortion --- QTL --- reproductive organ --- transient overexpression --- Elongated Internode (EI) --- sugarcane --- abiotic stress --- Oryza sativa L. --- RrGT2 gene --- Hd1 --- cZR3 --- cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) --- seed development --- tapetum --- near-isogenic line (NIL) --- phytohormones --- TCP transcription factor --- pollen accumulation --- Anthocyanin --- WRKY --- quantitative trait loci (QTLs) --- salt stress --- floral scent --- sucrose --- Ogura-CMS --- root traits --- endosperm development --- Zea mays L. --- sesame --- Bryum argenteum --- AP2/ERF genes --- transcriptional regulation --- WB1 --- haplotype block --- broccoli --- agronomic efficiency --- durum wheat --- gene pyramiding --- Oryza sativa --- genetics --- flowering time --- Cicer arietinum --- Hs1pro-1 --- endosperm appearance --- phenolic acids --- anther wall --- bromeliad --- genomics --- transgenic --- DgWRKY2 --- Clone --- yield trait --- flower symmetry --- partial factor productivity --- rice --- molecular breeding --- genotyping-by-sequencing --- Chimonanthus praecox --- nectary --- Salvia miltiorrhiza --- pollen development --- regulation --- ZmES22 --- genome-wide association study --- VIGS --- iTRAQ --- genome-wide association study (GWAS) --- ethylene-responsive factor --- starch --- molecular markers --- rice quality --- Chrysanthemum morifolium --- marker-trait association