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Lung macrophages are essential for alveolar homeostasis and foreign body removal. Macrophage dysfunction can result in a pathological accumulation of surfactants, lipids and proteins in the alveoli called pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). Inhalation of indium-containing particles (ICPs) such as indium-tin oxide (ITO) is specifically associated with macrophage toxicity and PAP development. In vitro studies have demonstrated that ITO particles are phagocytosed and dissolved by macrophages which subsequently release ionic indium, the primary cytotoxic compound for these cells. Here, we performed in vivo and ex vivo studies to determine how ITP particles affect alveolar (AM) and interstitial (IM) macrophages, the two main macrophage populations of the lungs. After ITO instillation in mice, we observed a depletion of the AM subpopulation that coincided with PAP formation. In contrast, IM were persistently accumulated in treated mice, suggesting that AM is the main target of ITO toxicity. Paradoxically, IM phagocytosed more ITO particles and were more sensitive to ITO exposure than AM ex vivo. In contrast, ionic indium was highly cytotoxic for AM in comparison to IM. Our data obtained by using AM and IM co-cultures and endocytosis inhibitors suggested that IM phagocytose ITO particles and release ionic indium that forms complexes particularly cytotoxic for AM. These results suggested that both IM and AM contribute to ITO-induced PAP in mice. In addition, the specific depletion of AM in ITO-treated mice was related to a defect of IL-1α (not GM-CSF), an essential autocrine cytokine for AM replenishment during lung responses to particles. We concluded that alveolar clearance defect and PAP development after ICPs exposure result from the release of ionic indium and the abrogation of AM self-maintenance.
Lung Diseases, Interstitial --- Macrophages --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure
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Pulmonary artery --- Cardiac Catheterization. --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure. --- Catheterization
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Blood Pressure Determination --- Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted --- Algorithms --- Artifacts --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Respiration, Artificial
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Animals, Newborn --- Cerebrovascular Circulation --- Nitric Oxide --- Hypoxia, Brain --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Pulmonary Artery --- drug effects --- administration & dosage --- complications --- physiology
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Pulmonary Circulation. --- Pulmonary circulation --- Pulmonary hyertension --- Circulation, Pulmonary --- Lesser circulation --- Lungs --- Blood --- Circulation, Respiratory --- Respiratory Circulation --- Lung --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Circulation --- Pulmonary Circulation --- Pulmonary Blood Flow --- Blood Flow, Pulmonary --- Flow, Pulmonary Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flows
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Lungs --- Metabolism --- Pulmonary circulation --- Lung --- Pulmonary Circulation. --- Circulation, Pulmonary --- Lesser circulation --- Blood --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Biochemistry --- Physiology --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Chest --- Respiratory organs --- Circulation, Respiratory --- Respiratory Circulation --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- metabolism. --- Circulation --- Lungs. --- Metabolism. --- Pulmonary circulation. --- Pulmonary Circulation --- metabolism --- Pulmonary Blood Flow --- Blood Flow, Pulmonary --- Flow, Pulmonary Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flows
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Lungs --- Blood-vessels --- Diseases --- Lung Diseases. --- Pulmonary Circulation. --- Vascular Diseases. --- -Lung --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Chest --- Respiratory organs --- Disease, Vascular --- Diseases, Vascular --- Vascular Disease --- Cardiology --- Circulation, Pulmonary --- Circulation, Respiratory --- Respiratory Circulation --- Lung --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Disease, Pulmonary --- Diseases, Pulmonary --- Pulmonary Disease --- Pulmonary Diseases --- Disease, Lung --- Diseases, Lung --- Lung Disease --- -Diseases --- Diseases. --- -Blood-vessels --- Lung Diseases --- Pulmonary Circulation --- Vascular Diseases --- Blood-vessels&delete& --- Pulmonary Blood Flow --- Blood Flow, Pulmonary --- Flow, Pulmonary Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flows --- Pulmonary circulation disorders --- Lungs - Blood-vessels - Diseases
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Physiology of the respiratory system --- Pulmonary circulation --- Pulmonary circulation. --- Circulation, Pulmonary --- Lesser circulation --- Lungs --- Circulation --- Pulmonary Circulation --- Lung Diseases --- Vascular Diseases --- Disease, Vascular --- Diseases, Vascular --- Vascular Disease --- Disease, Pulmonary --- Diseases, Pulmonary --- Pulmonary Disease --- Pulmonary Diseases --- Disease, Lung --- Diseases, Lung --- Lung Disease --- Circulation, Respiratory --- Respiratory Circulation --- vascular disease --- cardiopulmonary disease --- pulmonary hypertension --- lung injury --- right heart failure --- Blood-vessels --- Pulmonary Circulation. --- Vascular Diseases. --- Lung Diseases. --- Diseases --- Diseases. --- Cardiology --- Lung --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Blood --- Pulmonary diseases --- Angiology --- Vascular diseases --- Vascular system --- Vasculature --- Cardiovascular system --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Chest --- Respiratory organs --- Pathology of the circulatory system --- Pathology of the respiratory system --- Pulmonary Blood Flow --- Blood Flow, Pulmonary --- Flow, Pulmonary Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flows --- Malalties de l'aparell respiratori. --- Malalties respiratòries --- Malalties --- Asfíxia --- Catarro --- Diftèria --- Dispnea --- Infeccions respiratòries --- Malalties bronquials --- Malalties de l'aparell respiratori en els infants --- Malalties de la pleura --- Malalties del mediastí --- Malalties del tòrax
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Pathology of the respiratory system --- Pathological biochemistry --- Pathological physiology. Pathogenesis --- Pulmonary edema --- Lungs --- Lung --- Microcirculation --- Pulmonary Circulation --- Body Water --- Proteins --- anatomy and histology --- physiopathology --- metabolism --- Pulmonary Edema. --- Microcirculation. --- Pulmonary Circulation. --- Cardiopulmonary system --- Chest --- Respiratory organs --- Circulation, Pulmonary --- Circulation, Respiratory --- Respiratory Circulation --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Edema, Pulmonary --- Edemas, Pulmonary --- Pulmonary Edemas --- Wet Lung --- Lung, Wet --- Lungs, Wet --- Wet Lungs --- Edema --- anatomy & histology. --- physiopathology. --- metabolism. --- Lungs. --- Pulmonary edema. --- Body water --- Pulmonary circulation. --- Metabolism. --- Anatomy and histology. --- Physiopathology. --- Pulmonary Edema --- anatomy & histology --- Diseases --- Pulmonary Blood Flow --- Blood Flow, Pulmonary --- Flow, Pulmonary Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flows --- Microvascular Blood Flow --- Microvascular Circulation --- Blood Flow, Microvascular --- Circulation, Microvascular --- Flow, Microvascular Blood --- Microvascular Blood Flows --- Microvascular Circulations --- Lung - anatomy and histology --- Lung - physiopathology --- Microcirculation - physiopathology --- Body Water - metabolism --- Proteins - metabolism
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Pulmonary hypertension --- Pulmonary circulation --- Pulmonary Circulation --- Hypertension, Pulmonary --- Blood Circulation --- Lung Diseases --- Respiratory Physiological Processes --- Respiratory Tract Diseases --- Cardiovascular Physiological Processes --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena --- Diseases --- Phenomena and Processes --- Respiratory System Diseases --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cardiovascular Physiological Concepts --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomenon --- Cardiovascular Physiological Process --- Physiology, Cardiovascular --- Cardiovascular Physiologic Processes --- Cardiovascular Physiology --- Cardiovascular Physiological Concept --- Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomenas --- Concept, Cardiovascular Physiological --- Concepts, Cardiovascular Physiological --- Phenomena, Cardiovascular Physiological --- Phenomenon, Cardiovascular Physiological --- Physiologic Processes, Cardiovascular --- Physiological Concept, Cardiovascular --- Physiological Concepts, Cardiovascular --- Physiological Phenomena, Cardiovascular --- Physiological Phenomenon, Cardiovascular --- Physiological Process, Cardiovascular --- Physiological Processes, Cardiovascular --- Process, Cardiovascular Physiological --- Processes, Cardiovascular Physiologic --- Processes, Cardiovascular Physiological --- Cardiovascular System --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomenon --- Physiology, Circulatory and Respiratory --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiology --- Physiology, Respiratory --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomena --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomenon --- Pulmonary Physiological Process --- Pulmonary Physiological Processes --- Respiratory Physiological Concepts --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomenon --- Respiratory Physiological Process --- Respiratory Physiologic Processes --- Respiratory Physiology --- Concept, Respiratory Physiological --- Concepts, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomena, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomena, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomenas, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomenas, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomenon, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomenon, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomenons, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomenons, Respiratory Physiological --- Physiologic Processes, Respiratory --- Physiological Concept, Respiratory --- Physiological Concepts, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomena, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomena, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomenas, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomenas, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomenon, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomenon, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomenons, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomenons, Respiratory --- Physiological Process, Pulmonary --- Physiological Process, Respiratory --- Physiological Processes, Pulmonary --- Physiological Processes, Respiratory --- Process, Pulmonary Physiological --- Process, Respiratory Physiological --- Processes, Pulmonary Physiological --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomenas --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomenons --- Respiratory Physiological Concept --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomenas --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomenons --- Respiratory System --- Disease, Respiratory Tract --- Diseases, Respiratory Tract --- Respiratory Tract Disease --- Tract Disease, Respiratory --- Tract Diseases, Respiratory --- Disease, Pulmonary --- Diseases, Pulmonary --- Pulmonary Disease --- Pulmonary Diseases --- Disease, Lung --- Diseases, Lung --- Lung Disease --- Circulation, Blood --- Pulsatile Flow --- Pulmonary Hypertension --- Circulation, Pulmonary --- Circulation, Respiratory --- Respiratory Circulation --- Lung --- Pulmonary Wedge Pressure --- Lesser circulation --- Lungs --- Blood --- Hypertension --- physiology --- Circulation --- Pulmonary Circulation. --- Pulmonary Hypertension. --- Pulmonary circulation. --- Pulmonary hypertension. --- Blood Flow --- Blood Flows --- Flow, Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flow --- Blood Flow, Pulmonary --- Flow, Pulmonary Blood --- Pulmonary Blood Flows --- Hypertension, Pulmonary.
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