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Green manures --- Green manures --- Gene pools --- Gene pools --- Azolla --- Azolla --- Anabaena --- Anabaena --- Rhizobium --- Rhizobium --- Calothrix --- Calothrix --- Nostoc --- Nostoc --- Aeschynomene. --- Aeschynomene --- Sesbania --- Sesbania --- Rice fields --- Rice fields --- Plant collections --- Plant collections --- Nitrogen fixation --- Nitrogen fixation --- Aquatic plants --- Aquatic plants --- Biofertilizers --- Biofertilizers --- Cyanobacteria --- Cyanobacteria --- Fischerella --- Gloeotrichia --- Nodularia --- Legumineuse aquatique --- Fischerella --- Gloeotrichia --- Nodularia --- Legumineuse aquatique

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For this Special Issue book, ten papers focusing on novel bioactive molecules from different marine microorganisms, including fungi, cyanobacteria, actinobacteria and diatoms, were selected. The isolated biomolecules represent different structures and showed anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and enzyme-inhibiting activities. One of the papers is a review article on microviridins, a class of bioactive cyanobacterial peptides.

Medicine --- marine-derived fungus --- Aspergillus terreus --- thiodiketopiperazines --- dihydroisocoumarins --- Epicoccum nigrum --- deep-sea-derived fungus --- diketopiperazine enantiomers --- cytotocxic activity --- diatoms --- marine biotechnology --- anti-inflammatory --- drug discovery --- Cylindrotheca closterium --- mangrove Streptomyces --- genetic dereplication --- anti-microbial --- antiproliferative --- endophyte fungus --- Aspergillus versicolor --- diketopiperazines --- ECD calculation --- enantiomers --- bianthraquinones --- meroterpenoids --- anti-inflammatory activity --- Stemphylium sp. --- cyanobacteria --- nostocyclopeptides --- Nostoc --- ncp gene cluster --- nonribosomal peptide synthetase --- aeruginosamides --- Limnoraphis --- cytotoxicity --- oligopeptide --- microviridin --- biotechnology --- ecology --- Penicillium citrinum --- chromone derivatives --- anti-cancer activity --- marine-derived fungus --- Aspergillus terreus --- thiodiketopiperazines --- dihydroisocoumarins --- Epicoccum nigrum --- deep-sea-derived fungus --- diketopiperazine enantiomers --- cytotocxic activity --- diatoms --- marine biotechnology --- anti-inflammatory --- drug discovery --- Cylindrotheca closterium --- mangrove Streptomyces --- genetic dereplication --- anti-microbial --- antiproliferative --- endophyte fungus --- Aspergillus versicolor --- diketopiperazines --- ECD calculation --- enantiomers --- bianthraquinones --- meroterpenoids --- anti-inflammatory activity --- Stemphylium sp. --- cyanobacteria --- nostocyclopeptides --- Nostoc --- ncp gene cluster --- nonribosomal peptide synthetase --- aeruginosamides --- Limnoraphis --- cytotoxicity --- oligopeptide --- microviridin --- biotechnology --- ecology --- Penicillium citrinum --- chromone derivatives --- anti-cancer activity

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Cyanobacterial abundance has increased disproportionately, and this trend is likely to continue in the coming decades. This increase not only has deleterious effects on ecosystem biodiversity but also adversely affects drinking water supplies, livestock watering, crop yields, aquaculture, etc. Thus, the proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms presents human and animal health risks due to the common production of potent toxins, cyanotoxins. Moreover, these risks are aggravated by the accumulation potential of cyanotoxins and their transference to the food chain. In spite of the worldwide increasing occurrence of cyanotoxins, they are still underestimated in regulations. However, risk management of cyanotoxins is only possible after a thorough risk evaluation, and for that purpose, toxicity and exposure data are required. Thus, occurrence and monitoring information is of key importance, and new data in relation to the conditions that favor cyanobacterial growth and cyanotoxin production are welcome in order to prevent their appearance. On the other hand, in regard to toxicity, there are still many data gaps to fill. This book compiles 10 research papers and a review, which provide valuable contributions on all these aspects and demonstrate the importance of cyanobacteria toxins research.

Research & information: general --- Environmental economics --- inflammatory bowel disease --- dextran sulfate sodium --- colitis --- microcystin --- colon --- HAB --- Adda --- canine intoxication --- MMPB --- urinalysis --- hair --- ELISA --- LC-MS/MS --- Microcystin-LR --- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease --- No Observed Adverse Effect Level --- Leprdb/J mice --- hepatotoxicity --- oxidative stress --- TiO2 enriched phosphopeptides --- Cyanotoxins --- microcystin congeners --- MC-LA --- nutrients --- climate --- Great Lakes --- raw water intake --- multivariate statistics --- long-term monitoring --- cyanobacteria --- microcystin-LR --- cylindrospermopsin --- cyanotoxins mixture --- plant growth --- toxin bioaccumulation --- cyanotoxin --- structure --- PP2A inhibition --- liquid chromatography --- mass spectrometry --- cyanotoxins --- metal --- zinc --- Microcystis aeruginosa --- in vivo --- genotoxicity --- micronucleus --- comet assay --- enzyme-modified comet assay --- rats --- drinking water quality --- Mozambique --- public health --- Llayta --- Nostoc --- flow cytometry --- liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) --- risk assessment --- management strategies --- modelling --- inflammatory bowel disease --- dextran sulfate sodium --- colitis --- microcystin --- colon --- HAB --- Adda --- canine intoxication --- MMPB --- urinalysis --- hair --- ELISA --- LC-MS/MS --- Microcystin-LR --- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease --- No Observed Adverse Effect Level --- Leprdb/J mice --- hepatotoxicity --- oxidative stress --- TiO2 enriched phosphopeptides --- Cyanotoxins --- microcystin congeners --- MC-LA --- nutrients --- climate --- Great Lakes --- raw water intake --- multivariate statistics --- long-term monitoring --- cyanobacteria --- microcystin-LR --- cylindrospermopsin --- cyanotoxins mixture --- plant growth --- toxin bioaccumulation --- cyanotoxin --- structure --- PP2A inhibition --- liquid chromatography --- mass spectrometry --- cyanotoxins --- metal --- zinc --- Microcystis aeruginosa --- in vivo --- genotoxicity --- micronucleus --- comet assay --- enzyme-modified comet assay --- rats --- drinking water quality --- Mozambique --- public health --- Llayta --- Nostoc --- flow cytometry --- liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) --- risk assessment --- management strategies --- modelling