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Nishapur in eastern Iran was an important Silk Road city, its position providing links to central Asia and China, Afghanistan and India, the Persian Gulf and the west. Despite previous excavations there are many unresolved questions surrounding the site; when was the city founded? Is Nishapur a Sasanian city? Was it founded by the Sasanian king Shapur I or II? The question of chronology of occupation and the ceramic sequence is also problematic particularly for late antiquity and the medieval period, as well as a complete topography of the site. The Irano-French archaeological mission at Nisha

Excavations (Archaeology) --- Pottery, Iranian --- Geology, Stratigraphic --- Nīshāpūr (Iran) --- Antiquities. --- Nishapur (Iran)

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This book will be immensely helpful to those who wish to orient themselves to what has become a very large body of literature on medieval Islamic history. Combining a bibliographic study with an inquiry into method, it opens with a survey of the principal reference tools available to historians of Islam and a systematic review of the sources they will confront. Problems of method are then examined in a series of chapters, each exploring a broad topic in the social and political history of the Middle East and North Africa between A.D. 600 and 1500. The topics selected represent a cross-section of Islamic historical studies, and range from the struggles for power within the early Islamic community to the life of the peasantry. Each chapter pursues four questions. What concrete research problems are likely to be most challenging and productive? What resources do we possess for dealing with these problems? What strategies can we devise to exploit our resources most effectively? What is the current state of the scholarly literature for the topic under study?

Islamic history. --- Islamic Empire --- Islamic Empire --- Bibliography. --- Historiography. --- Abū Mikhnaf. --- Almoravids. --- Baghdad. --- Byzantium. --- Copts. --- Damascus. --- Egypt. --- Jacobites. --- Jazira. --- Jerusalem. --- Khurasan. --- Mediterranean basin. --- Mesopotamia. --- Nishapur. --- Orientalism. --- Ottoman Empire. --- Red Sea. --- Sassanians. --- Sunna. --- Transoxiana. --- Tunisia. --- Umayyads. --- fatwā, Iraq. --- jizya. --- madrasa. --- merchants. --- papyri. --- qadi. --- quantitative analysis.

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Sufism. --- origins and development of Sufism --- Sufi lterature --- asceticism --- mysticism --- Ibn Hanbal --- Bishr al-Hafi --- As-Sulami --- Sufi women --- the Karramiyya --- Hakim Tirmidhi --- Junayd --- Sufi organizations --- Nishapur --- Sufi orders --- Visio Smaragdina --- Uways al-Qarani --- the Uwaysi Sufis --- the Malamati movement --- Abu Yazid --- the Mi'raj --- Sufi traditions of South Asia --- Jami --- five divine presences --- Sino-Muslims --- Ishraq --- Wahda --- anti-Sufism --- Safavid Iran --- Yoga --- femininity --- Islamic mysticism --- gender --- spirituality --- Islamic Sufi orders --- the Sufi intellectual tradition --- doctrines --- Sama' --- ritual --- praying --- devotion --- Egyptian Sufism --- Muslim saints --- postmodernism --- Javanmardi --- Sufi authority --- Khatami --- Khayyam --- Alevilik --- neo-Sufism --- the Sudanese Mahdi --- modern Islam --- the Nakshibendi order of Turkey --- Allah --- the Hui --- Islam and the state --- the Indonesian Islamic revival --- Tijani doctrines --- charisma --- Somaliland --- Islamization --- 'Irfan