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Networks of Innovation offers an historical perspective on the manner in which private-sector organizations have acquired, sustained, and periodically lost the ability to develop, manufacture, and market new serum antitoxins and vaccines. The primary focus is on the H. K. Mulford Company, on Sharp and Dohme, which acquired Mulford in 1929, and upon Merck & Co Inc., which merged with Sharp and Dohme in 1953. By surveying a century of innovation in biologicals, the authors are able to analyze the conditions that either promoted or prevented creative changes in this important industry. They show how the activities of these three commercial enterprises were related to a series of complex, evolving networks of scientific, governmental, and medical institutions in the United States and abroad. This is the first such history to draw exclusively on sources internal to Merck, one of the world's leading innovators in modern vaccines and pharmaceuticals.

Industry --- Biological Products --- History, Modern 1601 --- -History, 20th Century --- Vaccines --- Drug Industry --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Complex Mixtures --- History --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Humanities --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- Complex Extracts --- Crude Extracts --- Extracts, Complex --- Extracts, Crude --- Complex Extract --- Complex Mixture --- Crude Extract --- Mixtures, Complex --- Extract, Complex --- Extract, Crude --- Mixture, Complex --- Industries, Pharmaceutic --- Industry, Drug --- Industry, Pharmaceutic --- Industry, Pharmaceutical --- Pharmaceutical Industry --- Drug Industries --- Industries, Drug --- Industries, Pharmaceutical --- Pharmaceutic Industries --- Pharmaceutic Industry --- Pharmaceutical Industries --- Vaccine --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- Biologic Drugs --- Biologic Medicines --- Biologic Pharmaceuticals --- Biologic Products --- Biological Drugs --- Biological Medicines --- Biologicals --- Biopharmaceuticals --- Products, Biological --- Biologic --- Biologic Drug --- Biologic Product --- Biological --- Biological Drug --- Biological Medicine --- Biological Product --- Biologics --- Biopharmaceutical --- Natural Product --- Natural Products --- Drug, Biologic --- Drug, Biological --- Drugs, Biologic --- Drugs, Biological --- Medicine, Biological --- Medicines, Biologic --- Medicines, Biological --- Pharmaceuticals, Biologic --- Product, Biologic --- Product, Biological --- Product, Natural --- Biological Factors --- Tertiary Sector --- Industries --- Sector, Tertiary --- Sectors, Tertiary --- Tertiary Sectors --- Commerce --- Ethics, Business --- Merck, Sharp & Dohme International --- Merck & Co. --- Merck Sharp and Dohme International --- History. --- Vaccines industry --- Vaccine industry --- Pharmaceutical industry --- Arts and Humanities