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AFS Southern Africa --- Southern Africa --- Zimbabwe --- checklists --- copper --- drawings --- metallophytes --- mineral resources --- photographs
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AFS Southern Africa --- Southern Africa --- Zimbabwe --- checklists --- drawings --- metallophytes --- mineral resources --- photographs
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Background and aims - The occurrence of natural plant communities on eu-enriched substrates over significant areas of the earth's surface is exceptional. In Katanga (D.R.Congo), natural outcrops of copper-rich rocks are colonised by highly original plant communities. A number of plant species have been proposed as possibly endemic to those sites. Here we revise the taxonomic, phytogeographic and conservational status of these plants.Methods - Almost all the herbarium matcrials of supposed Cu-endemics available in BR and BRLU have been revised and all relevant taxonomic revisions have been consulted. Literature and herbarium data have been supplemented by original observations in the field. Conservational status was established using IUCN criteria based on current and projected variation of population size and number.Key results - Thirty-two taxa are identified as strict endemics of eu-rich soil in Katanga, i.e. absolute metallophytes. Twenty-four of these are known from one to five localities only. Twenty-three other taxa are identified as broad endemics, i.e. with > 75% of occurrence on Cu-rich soil. Fifty-seven other names formerly used for supposed endemics are rejected either for nomenclamral or phytogeographic reasons. A number of species formerly regarded as endemics have been discovered off copper-enriched substrates due to progress in the botanical exploration of Katanga. The taxonomic value of a number of proposed endemics is still uncertain and requires further research. For a number of taxa, local geographic distribution still remains insufficiently knovn. The low proportion of endemics (c. 5%) in the flora of Cu-rich soil in Katanga possibly indicates a recent origin of much of this flora. Arguments in favour of neoendemism and relictual endemism, respectively, are discussed briefly. Ten percent of strict endemics are extinct and 65% are critically endangered, due to actual or projected habitat destruction by copper mining. Endemics restricted to primary habitats may be the most difficult to conserve. Several species, mostly annuals are able to thrive on secondary metalliferous habitats created by the mining industry and may thus be at lower risk.Conclusions - This review emphasizes the high con&ervation value of the flora of Cu-rich soil in Katanga and should help prioritise future conservation efforts.
BR Staff Publications [a] (paper in international, peer reviewed journal) --- metallophytes --- endemics --- copper --- cobalt --- Katanga --- mining --- heavy metals --- bioconservation --- Congo ( = Belgian Congo = Congo belge = République démocratique du Congo = Democratic Republic of Congo = Zaïre) --- endangered plants
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AFC Central Africa --- Central Africa --- Katanga = Shaba --- Congo ( = Belgian Congo = Congo belge = République démocratique du Congo = Democratic Republic of Congo = Zaïre) --- copper --- geology --- metallophytes --- phytogeography --- plant communities --- transects --- vegetation
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Heavy metal phytotoxicity has been known for more than a century. Therefore, it is astonishing that interest in the effects of heavy metals on organisms has been aroused only recently. Research in the past years, however, has confirmed the immense damage by metal pollution to plants, the soil and ultimately to humans. This completely updated and enlarged second edition gives a state-of-the art review on both field and laboratory work. It deals with the various functional and ecological aspects of heavy metal stress on plants and outlines the scope for future research and the possibilities for remediation.
Plants --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants --- Heavy metals --- Métallophytes --- Effect of heavy metals on --- Environmental plants --- ECO Ecology --- ecology --- heavy metals --- physiology --- stress --- Métallophytes --- Environmental plants. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Soil science. --- Soil conservation. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Plant ecology. --- Plant physiology. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Plant Ecology. --- Plant Physiology. --- Botany --- Physiology --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Ecology --- Ecotoxicology --- Pollutants --- Pollution --- Environmental health --- Toxicology --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Agriculture --- Earth sciences --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Floristic ecology
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This second and expanded edition of the first book on agromining (phytomining) presents a comprehensive overview of the metal farming & recovery of the agromining production chain. Agromining is an emerging technology that aims to transform the extraction of sources of target elements not accessible by traditional mining and processing techniques. Agromining, which is based on sustainable development, uses hyperaccumulator plants as 'metal crops' farmed on sub-economic soils or minerals wastes to obtain valuable target elements. This volume is edited and authored by the pioneers in the rapidly expanding field of agromining and presents the latest insights and developments in the field. This book provides in-depth information on the global distribution and ecology of hyperaccumulator plants, their biogeochemical pathways, the influence of rhizosphere microbes, the physiology and molecular biology of hyperaccumulation, as well as aspects of propagation and conservation of these unusual plants. It describes the agronomy of metal crops and opportunities for incorporating agromining into rehabilitation and mine closure, including test cases for agromining of nickel, cobalt, manganese, arsenic, selenium, cadmium, zinc, thallium, rare earth elements and platinum group elements. Since the first edition was published, there have successful nickel agromining field trials in the tropics (in Malaysia and Guatemala), and these are presented in a dedicated case study chapter. Other new chapters focus on the processing of bio-ore for elements other than nickel, such as rare earth elements and cadmium, and on agromining from industrial wastes such as tailings, and industrial by-products and sites. Furthermore, the book features two new chapters that provide a comprehensive assessment of accumulation a very wide range elements from the Periodic Table in various plant species around the globe, and a chapter on practical methods for discovery of hyperaccumulator plant species in the field and in the herbarium. This book is of interest to environmental professionals in the minerals industry, government regulators, and academics.
Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Pollution prevention. --- Natural resources. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Industrial Pollution Prevention. --- Natural Resources. --- National resources --- Natural resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Pollution --- Prevention of pollution --- Environmental protection --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental health --- Sustainable engineering --- Economic aspects --- Control --- Prevention and control --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants. --- Plants --- Metals --- Effect of metals on. --- Physiological effect. --- Metals as antiseptics --- Plants, Effect of metals on --- Heavy-metal flora --- Metallicolous flora --- Metallophytes --- Physiological effect --- Effect of chemicals on --- Effect of heavy metals on
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Plants --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants. --- Plant-soil relationships. --- Plant communities. --- Soils --- 631.416.8 --- 581.526 --- 58.051 --- Heavy metals --- Communities, Plant --- Phytosociology --- Plant associations --- Plant societies --- Biotic communities --- Plant ecology --- Plants and soil --- Soil-plant relationships --- Soils and plants --- Heavy-metal flora --- Metallicolous flora --- Metallophytes --- Plants, Effect of heavy metals on --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants --- Effect of heavy metals on. --- Heavy metal content. --- Metals and their compounds. Heavy metals in soil --- Formational ecology --- Effects of soil --- Effect of heavy metals on --- Physiological effect --- Effect of metals on --- 58.051 Effects of soil --- 581.526 Formational ecology --- 631.416.8 Metals and their compounds. Heavy metals in soil --- Plant communities --- Plant-soil relationships --- Heavy metal content
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This book summarizes the development of highly tolerant cultivars via plant breeding, genomics, and proteomic approaches. This book could supplement data for budding researchers by providing extensive ongoing measures to improve the detoxification competence of appropriate species via wide range of plant improvement approaches. It also offers insights into heavy metal signalling,metal chelation by organic acids, amino acids, and phosphate derivatives, and illustrates other strategies that have been extensively investigated, such as genetic engineering, ecological improvement of the rhizosphere using mycorrhiza and chelator enhanced phytoremediation technology. This book could provide simple anthology for undergraduate and postgraduate students to understand fundamentals of heavy metal pollution in the environment. The book closes with a prelude to an inclusive study of biodiversity that could provide new biofilters for metal detoxification.
Life sciences. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Plant anatomy. --- Plant development. --- Plant physiology. --- Plant breeding. --- Environmental management. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Physiology. --- Plant Anatomy/Development. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Environmental Management. --- Plants --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants. --- Effect of heavy metals on. --- Heavy-metal flora --- Metallicolous flora --- Metallophytes --- Plants, Effect of heavy metals on --- Heavy metals --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants --- Effect of heavy metals on --- Physiological effect --- Effect of metals on --- Biochemistry. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Botany --- Plant structure --- Structural botany --- Vegetable anatomy --- Anatomy --- Physiology --- Composition --- Structure --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Development of plants --- Plant development --- Developmental biology --- Growth (Plants) --- Ontogeny --- Botanical chemistry. --- Plant biotechnology. --- Plant Development. --- Plant Biotechnology. --- Development. --- Crop biotechnology --- Agricultural biotechnology --- Biotechnology
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Plants possess a range of potential cellular mechanisms that may be involved in the detoxification of heavy metals and thus tolerance to metal stress. Metal toxicity causes multiple direct and indirect effects in plants that concern practically all physiological functions. The main purpose of this book is to present comprehensive and concise information on recent advances in the field of metal transport and how genetic diversity affects heavy metal transport in plants. Other key futures of the book are related to metal toxicity and detoxification mechanisms, biochemical tools for HM remediation processes, molecular mechanisms for HM detoxification, how metallomics and metalloproteomics are affected by heavy metal stress in plants, and the role of ROS metabolism in the alleviation of heavy metals. Some chapters also focus on recent developments in the field of phytoremediation. Overall the book presents in-depth information and the most essential advances in the field of heavy metal toxicity in plants in recent years.
Agriculture. --- Biochemistry. --- Heavy metals -- Environmental plants. --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants. --- Life sciences. --- Plant physiology. --- Plants -- Effect of heavy metals on. --- Plants -- Effect of stress on. --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Plant Physiology --- Plants --- Effect of heavy metals on. --- Heavy-metal flora --- Metallicolous flora --- Metallophytes --- Plants, Effect of heavy metals on --- Plant biochemistry. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Physiology. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Heavy metals --- Heavy-metal tolerant plants --- Effect of heavy metals on --- Physiological effect --- Effect of metals on --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Composition --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Effect of stress on.
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The copper-cobalt outcrops of Upper Katanga and north-western Zambia host a particular flora which comprises an estimated 750 species of which more than 400 are treated in this copper-cobalt field guide. The aim of this book, resulting from several years of intensive field work and study, is to bring together the basic knowledges permitting an easy approach to the identification of a great number of the species to be encountered. More than 400 species are illustrated with color photographs and/or drawings together with comments concerning synonyms, habit, description, ecology and distribution. Plant species are listed and colour-coded according to classification: Cyanoprocaryota, lichenized Fungi, Anthocerophyta, Marchantiophyta and Bryophyta (red edge), Lycophyta and Monilophyta (green edge), Magnoliopsida (blue edge) and Liliopsida (yellow edge). An index allows easy location either according to genus and species. An account of the research on copper-cobalt ecosystems carried out during the last ten years in southeastern D.R. Congo is also presented. The editors have spent more than twenty years in the area concerned and have collected more than 8,500 voucher specimens, including eleven species new to science (holotypes).
Heavy-metal tolerant plants --- Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Zambia --- Heavy-metal flora --- Metallicolous flora --- Metallophytes --- Plants --- Effect of heavy metals on --- Sambia --- GRZ --- Government of the Republic of Zambia --- Republic of Zambia --- Zambië --- Republiek van Zambië --- Zambiya --- Замбія --- Zambii︠a︡ --- Рэспубліка Замбія --- Rėspublika Zambii︠a︡ --- Zambija --- Republika Zambija --- Замбия --- Република Замбия --- Republika Zambii︠a︡ --- Zambijská republika --- Gweriniaeth Zambia --- Republik Sambia --- Sambia Vabariik --- Ζάμπια --- Zampia --- Δημοκρατία της Ζάμπιας --- Dēmokratia tēs Zampias --- República de Zambia --- Zambio --- Zambia Respubliko --- Zambiako Errepublika --- République de Zambie --- An tSaimbia --- Poblacht na Saimbia --- Saimbia --- Yn Tambia --- Pobblaght ny Sambia --- Poblachd Shaimbia --- Tsan-pí-â --- Republica iti Zambia --- Republik Zambia --- Repubblica dello Zambia --- Republika ning Zambia --- Zambi --- Sambi --- Jamhuri ya Zambia --- Repubilika ya Zambia --- Zanbi --- Zambijas republika --- Zambijos Respublika --- Republiki ya Zambia --- Zambiai Köztársaság --- Замбија --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Zambi Uls --- Tlācatlahtohcāyōtl Zambia --- ザンビア --- Zanbia --- Republikken Zambia --- Zambiya Respublikasi --- Republika Zambii --- República da Zâmbia --- Republica Zambia --- Республика Замбия --- Saambiya --- Sambian tasavalta --- Republiken Zambia --- Republika ng Zambia --- Zambiya Cumhuriyeti --- Saambi --- Republik bu Saambi --- 赞比亚 --- Zanbiya --- Northern Rhodesia --- Congo (Leopoldville) --- République du Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of the Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of Congo (Leopoldville) --- République démocratique du Congo --- Democratic Republic of the Congo --- Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo --- Kongo --- Congo (Kinshasa) --- RDC (République démocratique du Congo) --- DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo) --- DRK (Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo) --- Democratic Republic of Congo --- DR Congo --- RD Congo --- Belgian Congo --- Zaire
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