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Two different sanctioning systems are applicable to young adult offenders in Germany: juvenile criminal law and adult criminal law. The present study provides an overview of the various sanctions applied to these adolescents aged between 18 and 20 and of their reconvictions during an observation period. Based on data from the German Federal Central Criminal Register (Bundeszentral- und Erziehungsregister), the study covers all convictions and juvenile diversional measures in a specific reference year. This data set allows a detailed examination of the applied sanctions and measures, the proportion of juvenile and adult criminal law, and the reconviction rate differentiated by gender, age, offence and other variables. The empirical analysis also addresses regional differences in sanctioning and examines, if juvenile criminal law is “milder” and/or more effective than adult criminal law – questions that play an essential role in the debate on suitable sanctions for young adults. Die Untersuchung nimmt eine Bestandsaufnahme der strafrechtlichen Behandlung von Heranwachsenden vor und analysiert die Rückfälligkeit dieser Altersgruppe nach jugend- und nach erwachsenenstrafrechtlichen Reaktionen. Dabei werden zentrale Fragestellungen empirisch überprüft, die im Rahmen der Reformdiskussion um die Heranwachsendenregelung des § 105 I JGG eine Rolle spielen: Inwiefern fällt die strafrechtliche Behandlung von Heranwachsenden regional unterschiedlich aus? Ist das Jugendstrafrecht für Heranwachsende „milder“ als das Erwachsenenstrafrecht? Gibt es Hinweise auf eine bessere Wirksamkeit jugend- oder erwachsenenstrafrechtlicher Reaktionen bei Heranwachsenden? Ausgewertet werden Daten des Bundeszentral- und des Erziehungsregisters, die nicht nur alle im Bezugsjahr gegenüber Heranwachsenden ergangenen Verurteilungen abbilden, sondern auch den bedeutsamen Bereich der jugendstrafrechtlichen Diversion (§§ 45 I, II, III und 47 JGG) abdecken. Abgerundet wird die Analyse durch eine ergänzende Untersuchung von nicht im Bundeszentral- und Erziehungsregister enthaltenen Entscheidungsarten (insbesondere Einstellungen nach der StPO) anhand von anderen Datenquellen.
Law --- juvenile law --- reoffending --- educative measures register
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Juvenile law --- Belgium --- Status of persons --- 663 Jeugd
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86.65 juvenile law. --- Jeugdbescherming. --- Jeugdrecht. --- Wetten. --- België.
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Family law. Inheritance law --- International law --- Belgium --- Domestic relations --- Netherlands --- Juvenile law
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86.65 juvenile law. --- Compulsory treatment. --- Juvenile penal law. --- TBR. --- Nederland. --- Netherlands.
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Status of persons --- jeugdrecht --- Family law. Inheritance law --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Belgium --- Droit de la Jeunesse --- Jeugdrecht --- Juvenile law
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BPB1108 --- 185 Kinderrechten en gezin --- Droits et libertés --- Rechten en vrijheden --- Liberty --- Juvenile law --- Belgium --- Belgique --- Droits et libertés
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"The juvenile court lies at the intersection of youth policy and crime policy. Its institutional practices reflect our changing ideas about children and crime control. [This book] provides a sweeping overview of the American juvenile justice system's development and change over the past century. Noted law professor and criminologist Barry C. Feld places special emphasis on changes over the last 25 years--the ascendance of get tough crime policies and the more recent Supreme Court recognition that "children are different." Feld's comprehensive historical analyses trace juvenile courts' evolution though four periods--the original Progressive Era, the Due Process Revolution in the 1960s, the Get Tough Era of the 1980s and 1990s, and today's Kids Are Different era. In each period, changes in the economy, cities, families, race and ethnicity, and politics have shaped juvenile courts' policies and practices. Changes in juvenile courts' ends and means--substance and procedure--reflect shifting notions of children's culpability and competence. [This book] examines how conservative politicians used coded racial appeals to advocate get tough policies that equated children with adults and more recent Supreme Court decisions that draw on developmental psychology and neuroscience research to bolster its conclusions about youths' reduced criminal responsibility and diminished competence. Feld draws on lessons from the past to envision a new, developmentally appropriate justice system for children. Ultimately, Feld argues, providing justice for children requires structural changes to reduce social and economic inequality--concentrated poverty in segregated urban areas--that disproportionately expose children of color to juvenile courts' punitive policies." -- Publisher's website.
86.65 juvenile law. --- 86.65 juvenile law. --- Discrimination in juvenile justice administration --- Discrimination in juvenile justice administration. --- Juvenile courts --- Juvenile courts. --- Juvenile delinquency --- Juvenile delinquency. --- Juvenile delinquents --- Juvenile delinquents. --- Juvenile justice, Administration of --- Juvenile justice, Administration of. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Sex discrimination in justice administration --- Sex discrimination in justice administration. --- History --- History --- History --- History --- Criminology. --- History --- United States. --- United States.
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Droit des personnes --- Law of persons --- Personen (Recht) --- Personenrecht --- Recht [Personen] --- Law of civil procedure --- International private law --- jeugdrecht --- familierecht --- Family law. Inheritance law --- Netherlands --- Persons (Law) --- Domestic relations --- Belgium --- Juvenile law --- Pays-Bas --- Maroc
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