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Für viele stellt das Instrumentalisierungsverbot, wonach man andere Menschen nie bloß als Mittel behandeln darf, eine fundamentale moralische Wahrheit dar. Dieses Buch ist der Versuch, diese Ansicht näher zu fassen und zu begründen. Das Instrumentalisierungsverbot spielt nicht nur in unserer Alltagsmoral, sondern auch in moraltheoretischen Diskussionen eine wichtige Rolle. Verschiedenste Praktiken werden mit der Begründung als unzulässig kritisiert, dass mit ihnen Menschen instrumentalisiert würden. Doch was heißt es, die anderen bloß als Mittel zu behandeln? Es besteht, so wird in diesem Buch argumentiert, ein Zusammenhang zwischen unzulässiger Instrumentalisierung und Verletzung der Würde von Personen. In der Explikation des Würdebegriffs wird dieser Zusammenhang entfaltet. Die unzulässige Instrumentalisierung von Personen verletzt in bestimmten Fällen deren Würde, in anderen Fällen Ansprüche, die in der Würde von Personen begründet sind. Die Würde von Personen wird dabei als Anspruch auf Selbstachtung gefasst. Selbstachtung wird nicht im Sinne der Selbstwertschätzung verstanden. Im Blick steht vielmehr ein normatives Verständnis von Selbstachtung, wonach Personen ein Leben in Selbstachtung führen, sofern ihr Selbstverfügungsrecht von anderen und ihnen selbst geachtet wird. Der Anspruch auf Selbstachtung wird als Anspruch darauf begriffen, über wesentliche Bereiche des eigenen Lebens verfügen zu können. Diese Überlegungen zu Würde und Selbstachtung werden moraltheoretisch eingeordnet und abschließend auf paradigmatische Fälle der praktischen Ethik angewendet, bei denen es um die Instrumentalisierung von Menschen geht.
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Law --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- History --- Philosophy --- Philosophy. --- History. --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy). --- Law - United States - History --- Law - Philosophy
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Biology --- Science --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Philosophy. --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy). --- Biology - Philosophy --- Science - Philosophy
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Law --- Law --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy). --- Droit --- Droit --- Instrumentalisme --- History. --- Philosophy. --- Histoire --- Philosophie
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"George Berkeley (1685-1753) was a university teacher, a missionary and, later, a Church of Ireland bishop. This edition offers texts from the full range of Berkeley's contributions to philosophy, together with an introduction by Desmond M. Clarke that sets them in their historical and philosophical contexts."--Jacket.
Filosofia (história) --- Philosophy --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Philosophy. --- History. --- Empiricism. --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Science --- Religion --- Religion and science. --- Arts and Humanities
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Contra Instrumentalism questions the long-accepted notion that translation reproduces or transfers an invariant contained in or caused by the source text. This “instrumental” model of translation has dominated translation theory and commentary for more than two millennia, and its influence can be seen today in elite and popular cultures, in academic institutions and in publishing, in scholarly monographs and in literary journalism, in the most rarefied theoretical discourses and in the most commonly used clichés. Contra Instrumentalism aims to end the dominance of instrumentalism by showing how it grossly oversimplifies translation practice and fosters an illusion of immediate access to source texts. Lawrence Venuti asserts that all translation is an interpretive act that necessarily entails ethical responsibilities and political commitments. Venuti argues that a hermeneutic model offers a more comprehensive and incisive understanding of translation that enables an appreciation of not only the creative and scholarly aspects of what a translator does but also the crucial role translation plays in the cultural and social institutions that shape human life.
Traduction --- Instrumentalisme --- Philosophie --- Philosophie. --- Instrumentalisme. --- Philosophy of science --- Translation science --- Translating and interpreting --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Pragmatism --- E-books --- Philosophy.
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Surprisingly, modified versions of the confirmation theory (Carnap and Hempel) and truth approximation theory (Popper) turn out to be smoothly sythesizable. The glue between the two appears to be the instrumentalist methodology, rather than that of the falsificationalist. The instrumentalist methodology, used in the separate, comparative evaluation of theories in terms of their successes and problems (hence, even if already falsified), provides in theory and practice the straight road to short-term empirical progress in science ( à la Laudan). It is also argued that such progress is also functional for all kinds of truth approximation: observational, referential, and theoretical. This sheds new light on the long-term dynamics of science and hence on the relation between the main epistemological positions, viz., instrumentalism (Toulmin, Laudan), constructive empiricism (Van Fraassen), referential realism (Hacking, Cartwright), and theory realism of a non-essentialist nature (constructive realism à la Popper). Readership: Open minded philosophers and scientists. The book explains and justifies the scientist's intuition that the debate among philosophers about instrumentalism and realism has almost no practical consequences.
Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Realism --- Science --- -Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Empiricism --- Philosophy --- Universals (Philosophy) --- Conceptualism --- Dualism --- Idealism --- Materialism --- Nominalism --- Positivism --- Rationalism --- Pragmatism --- Realism. --- Philosophy. --- -Philosophy --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy). --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy and science. --- Epistemology. --- Modern philosophy. --- Logic. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Modern Philosophy. --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Psychology --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Modern philosophy --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Science and philosophy --- Methodology
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Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Science --- -Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Philosophy --- Pragmatism --- Dewey, John --- Philosophy. --- -Philosophy --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy). --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Dewey, John, --- Tu-wei, --- Tu-wei, Yüeh-han, --- Dyui, --- Dʹi︠u︡i, Dzhon, --- Dyuʼi, G'on, --- Дьюи, Джон, --- ديوى، جون، --- 杜威, --- Dīvīy, Jān, --- ديويي، جان --- Dīwʼī, Jān, --- Dīwiʼī, Jān, --- ديوئى، جان --- Diyūʼī, Jān, --- Dyūwi, Jon, --- Dyūi, Jon, --- デューウィジョン, --- デューイジョン, --- ジョン・デューウィ, --- ジョン・デューイ,
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This book analyses the critique of instrumental reason from Weber through to the present day. Weber constitutes the starting point because he represents a key moment of theoretical and political transition. Whereas Enlightenment thinkers such as Kant, Rousseau and Hegel had a profound faith in the power of reason to improve society and mankind, Weber signals that far from being a universally positive and progressive force, the institutionalisation of reason might actually be a highly effective tool in the struggle for domination. Schecter charts how Weber's ideas took shape as a response to
Political science --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Reason. --- Mind --- Intellect --- Rationalism --- Philosophy --- Pragmatism --- Political philosophy --- Philosophy. --- Weber, Max, --- Habermas, Jürgen. --- Habermas, Jürgen --- Habŏmasŭ, Wirŭgen --- Habŏmasŭ --- Khabermas, I︠U︡. --- Khabermas, I︠U︡rgen --- Ha-pei-ma-ssu, Yu-erh-ken --- Habeimasi --- הברמאס, יורגן --- יורגן הברמס --- 哈贝马斯 --- ウェーバー, マックス --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy). --- Science politique --- Instrumentalisme --- Raison --- Philosophie --- Weber, Max, 1864-1920 --- Political and social views --- Political and social views. --- Weber, Max --- Ma-kʻo-ssu Wei-po, --- Makesi Weibo, --- Pebŏ, --- Pebŏ, Maksŭ, --- Vēbā, Makkusu, --- Veber, Maks, --- Vemper, Max, --- Webŏ, Maksŭ, --- Wei-po, Ma-kʻo-ssu, --- Weibo, --- Weibo, Makesi, --- ובר, מאקס, --- ובר, מאכס --- ובר, מקס --- 韦伯, --- Habermas, Jurgen.
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« Raison instrumentale », « désenchantement du monde », « narcissisme contemporain » : le philosophe Charles Taylor reprend ces trois thèmes dominants du malaise de la modernité. A l'écart des redondances de la mode et des facilités de la critique, il montre pourquoi l'éthique de la réalisation de soi, noyau consistant de l'individualisme, recèle une aspiration dont les présupposés bien compris seraient en fait incompatibles avec l'instrumentalisme et l'égoïsme possessif.
Modernism --- Civilization, Modern --- Individualism --- Instrumentalism (Philosophy) --- Modernisme --- Civilisation moderne et contemporaine --- Individualisme --- Instrumentalisme --- Modernism (Christian theology) --- --Éthique --- Self-actualization (Psychology) --- --Social aspects --- Psychological aspects --- Self-realization --- Social aspects --- Civilization [Modern ] --- Social values --- History --- Self-actualization (Psychology) - Social aspects --- Civilization, Modern - Psychological aspects --- Éthique
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