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ISBN: 9789029566926 9029566922 Year: 2009 Publisher: Amsterdam Arbeiderspers
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Verhandeling van de Duitse filosoof (1844-1900) over de vaak discutabele herkomst van de menselijke ethiek.
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ISBN: 2130380042 9782130380047 Year: 1983 Volume: 45 Publisher: Paris
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ISBN: 9076032017 Year: 1997 Publisher: Amsterdam Kallias
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ISBN: 0415129524 Year: 1998 Publisher: London Routledge
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ISBN: 9780691137339 Year: 2009 Publisher: Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press
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ISBN: 3596268567 3596268575 Year: 1984 Publisher: Frankfurt am Main Fischer
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ISBN: 9789055738946 Year: 2008 Publisher: Budel Damon
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ISBN: 9780745642567 9780745642550 0745642551 Year: 2010 Publisher: Cambridge Polity
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Normativity is what gives reasons their force, makes words meaningful, and makes rules and laws binding. It is present whenever we use such terms as ‘correct,' ‘ought,' ‘must,' and the language of obligation, responsibility, and logical compulsion. Yet normativists, the philosophers committed to this idea, admit that the idea of a non-causal normative realm and a body of normative objects is spooky. Explaining the Normative is the first systematic, historically grounded critique of normativism. It identifies the standard normativist pattern of argument, and shows how this pattern depends on circularities, assumptions about the unique correctness of preferred descriptions, problematic transcendental arguments, and regress arguments that end in mysteries. The book considers in detail a paradigm case: legal normativity as constructed by Hans Kelsen. This case exemplifies the problems with normativist arguments. But it also shows how normativism was constructed as an alternative to ordinary social science explanation. The normativist argument is that social science explanations themselves are forced to rely on normative conceptsÑminimally, on normative rationality and on a normative view of ‘concepts' themselves. Empathic understanding of the reasoning and meanings of others, however, can solve the regress problems about meaning and rationality that are central to the appeal of normativism. This account has no need for a parallel normative world, and has a surprising and revealing lineage in the history of philosophy, as well as a basis in neuroscience.
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ISBN: 9782296115651 2296115659 Year: 2010 Publisher: Paris Harmattan
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Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) est passé à la postérité avant tout comme savant, mathématicien, astronome et même biologiste ; mais sa réflexion a également porté sur des thèmes philosophiques, principalement dans l'Essai de philosophie morale (1749 et 1751) que nous présentons ici et qui n'avait pas été réédité depuis le XVIIIe siècle. Le paradoxe de ce texte, c'est qu'il commence sous les auspices de la philosophie et qu'il se conclut à l'ombre de la religion. Mais il s'agit d'une religion très laïcisée dont les dogmes sont explicitement laissés de côté. Cet essai nous plonge dans une atmosphère singulière due au langage du géomètre appliqué aux questions morales. " Les matériaux du calcul des plaisirs utilisés dans la perspective d'édifier un hédonisme du plus grand nombre (...), voilà le chantier nouveau proposé par l'éthique mathématique de Maupertuis ", écrit Michel Onfray.
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ISBN: 9781441957641 9781441957658 9781441957665 9781489984562 Year: 2010 Publisher: New York, NY Springer New York
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In this first decade of the 21st century, more than 854 million people in the world are starving, while industrial nations are debating about obesity, generating energy from food plants, and a myriad of other topics many African and south Asian nations could only fathom. In this great discord, there have arisen many interdisciplinary discussions about problems in the field of applied Ethics, with regards to food, that are crossing a considerably wide spectrum of disciplines, such as: obesity, traceability, agro-food biotechnology, dairy industry, transgenic plants, novel food, bio fuels, world-trade system, etc. This book presents international discussions and information concerning food ethics in its current state. It presents a variety of important aspects in the field of food ethics with respect to positions, instruments and applications of issues surrounding nutrition. A great deal of the book will concern itself with discussing different ethical positions and problems of current interests, as explained by experts of the "food-ethics-community". The articles will focus on the reality of global food problems through two main issues: current questions of nutrition in the specific contexts of field and experience, ethical tools, ideas and suggestions concerning long-term steps for solutions. The appendix presents a collection of current declarations and political statements - visions, proposals and goals in a worth living world in general and concerning specific problems - water, healthy food, the human right to food, sustainability and food sovereignty.
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