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These lecture notes are dedicated to the mathematical modelling, analysis and computation of interfaces and free boundary problems appearing in geometry and in various applications, ranging from crystal growth, tumour growth, biological membranes to porous media, two-phase flows, fluid-structure interactions, and shape optimization. We first give an introduction to classical methods from differential geometry and systematically derive the governing equations from physical principles. Then we will analyse parametric approaches to interface evolution problems and derive numerical methods which will be thoroughly analysed. In addition, implicit descriptions of interfaces such as phase field and level set methods will be analysed. Finally, we will discuss numerical methods for complex interface evolutions and will focus on two phase flow problems as an important example of such evolutions.
Geometry, Differential. --- Differential equations. --- Differential Geometry. --- Differential Equations. --- Equacions diferencials --- Models matemàtics --- Problemes de contorn --- Interfícies (Ciències físiques) --- Matemàtica
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Sports --- Psychological aspects --- Periodicals. --- Aspect psychologique --- Périodiques --- Sports Psychology. --- Psychological aspects. --- Team --- Sport --- Motivation --- Performance --- Sport Psychology --- Motivation in sports --- Sport psychology --- Sports motivation --- Sports psychology --- Sports sciences --- Psychology --- team --- sport --- motivation --- performance --- sport psychology --- Esports --- Aspectes psicològics --- Activitat esportiva --- Activitats esportives --- Activitats físiques --- Esport --- Jocs esportius --- Atletisme --- Educació física --- Jocs --- Jocs infantils --- Vida a l'aire lliure
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Many exciting frontiers of science and engineering require understanding the spatiotemporal properties of sustained nonequilibrium systems such as fluids, plasmas, reacting and diffusing chemicals, crystals solidifying from a melt, heart muscle, and networks of excitable neurons in brains. This introductory textbook for graduate students in biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics, and physics provides a systematic account of the basic science common to these diverse areas. This book provides a careful pedagogical motivation of key concepts, discusses why diverse nonequilibrium systems often show similar patterns and dynamics, and gives a balanced discussion of the role of experiments, simulation, and analytics. It contains numerous worked examples and over 150 exercises. This book will also interest scientists who want to learn about the experiments, simulations, and theory that explain how complex patterns form in sustained nonequilibrium systems.
Pattern formation (Physical sciences) --- Formation des structures (Sciences physiques) --- Pattern formation (Physical sciences). --- Chaotic behavior in systems. --- Chaos in systems --- Chaos theory --- Chaotic motion in systems --- Differentiable dynamical systems --- Dynamics --- Nonlinear theories --- System theory --- Chaotic behavior in systems --- Formació de les estructures (Ciències físiques)
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Les modèles eulériens sont devenus dans les quinze dernières années des outils populaires pour étudier les interactions fluide-structure, car, au contraire des méthodes plus classiques de type ALE, ils permettent de résoudre numériquement ces problèmes en se ramenant à une grille et une méthode de résolution unique pour les différents milieux. Ce livre s’intéresse à cette classe de modèles en adoptant le point de vue original des méthodes level-set, utilisées à la fois pour suivre les interfaces fluide-solide, représenter les contraintes élastiques des solides et modéliser les forces de contact entre solides. Il combine un éclairage mathématique des modèles, des aspects d’analyse numérique, des codes élémentaires et des illustrations numériques permettant au lecteur de se faire une idée des domaines d’application et des performances de ces modèles. Les pré-requis nécessaires pour profiter pleinement de son contenu font partie du bagage scientifique d’élèves de niveau master en mathématiques appliquées ou mécanique théorique. Il sera un outil pédagogique fructueux pour des cours de deuxième année de master ou de début de thèse, ainsi que pour des chercheurs voulant aborder ou approfondir ce domaine.
Mathematical models. --- Continuum mechanics. --- Numerical analysis. --- Mathematics—Data processing. --- Mathematical Modeling and Industrial Mathematics. --- Continuum Mechanics. --- Numerical Analysis. --- Computational Science and Engineering. --- Mathematical analysis --- Mechanics of continua --- Elasticity --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Field theory (Physics) --- Models, Mathematical --- Simulation methods --- Interfícies (Ciències físiques) --- Dinàmica de fluids --- Dinàmica estructural
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Physics --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Física. --- Ciència --- Acústica musical --- Astrofísica --- Biofísica --- Buit --- Calor --- Capil·laritat --- Ciència dels materials --- Compressibilitat --- Cronometria --- Difusió --- Dinàmica molecular --- Electricitat --- Fenomenologia (Física) --- Fenòmens crítics (Física) --- Fenòmens de relaxació --- Fenòmens mesoscòpics (Física) --- Física de l'estat sòlid --- Física estadística --- Física mèdica --- Fluids --- Energia --- Geofísica --- Lleis de conservació (Física) --- Magnetisme --- Mecànica --- Meteorologia --- Nanoestructures --- Òptica --- Permeabilitat --- Pesos i mesures --- Pneumàtica --- Radiació --- Radiologia --- Simetria (Física) --- Similitud (Física) --- Superfícies (Física) --- Teoria de camps (Física) --- Teoria quàntica --- Termodinàmica --- Dinàmica --- Ensenyament de la física --- Físics --- Físiques --- Gastronomia molecular --- Història de la física
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Physics --- Natuurkunde. --- Physique --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Física. --- Ciència --- Acústica musical --- Astrofísica --- Biofísica --- Buit --- Calor --- Capil·laritat --- Ciència dels materials --- Compressibilitat --- Cronometria --- Difusió --- Dinàmica molecular --- Electricitat --- Fenomenologia (Física) --- Fenòmens crítics (Física) --- Fenòmens de relaxació --- Fenòmens mesoscòpics (Física) --- Física de l'estat sòlid --- Física estadística --- Física mèdica --- Fluids --- Energia --- Geofísica --- Lleis de conservació (Física) --- Magnetisme --- Mecànica --- Meteorologia --- Nanoestructures --- Òptica --- Permeabilitat --- Pesos i mesures --- Pneumàtica --- Radiació --- Radiologia --- Simetria (Física) --- Similitud (Física) --- Superfícies (Física) --- Teoria de camps (Física) --- Teoria quàntica --- Termodinàmica --- Dinàmica --- Ensenyament de la física --- Físics --- Físiques --- Gastronomia molecular --- Història de la física
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Física --- Arduino (Controlador programable) --- Telèfons intel·ligents --- Smartphones --- Telèfon mòbil --- iPhone (Telèfon intel·ligent) --- Controladors programables --- Ciència --- Acústica musical --- Astrofísica --- Biofísica --- Buit --- Calor --- Capil·laritat --- Ciència dels materials --- Compressibilitat --- Cronometria --- Difusió --- Dinàmica molecular --- Electricitat --- Fenomenologia (Física) --- Fenòmens crítics (Física) --- Fenòmens de relaxació --- Fenòmens mesoscòpics (Física) --- Física de l'estat sòlid --- Física estadística --- Física mèdica --- Fluids --- Energia --- Geofísica --- Lleis de conservació (Física) --- Magnetisme --- Mecànica --- Meteorologia --- Nanoestructures --- Òptica --- Permeabilitat --- Pesos i mesures --- Pneumàtica --- Radiació --- Radiologia --- Simetria (Física) --- Similitud (Física) --- Superfícies (Física) --- Teoria de camps (Física) --- Teoria quàntica --- Termodinàmica --- Dinàmica --- Ensenyament de la física --- Físics --- Físiques --- Gastronomia molecular --- Història de la física --- Physics --- Experiments.
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Radiation --- Radiation. --- Radiations --- Radiation Dose Hypofractionation --- Physics --- Radiology --- radiation --- nuclear applications --- radioactive isotopes --- radioactivity --- Radiologia. --- Física. --- Química. --- Ciència --- Àcids --- Aire líquid --- Espectroscòpia --- Bases (Química) --- Bioquímica --- Catàlisi --- Color --- Combustió --- Condensació --- Cosmoquímica --- Cristal·lització --- Dissociació (Química) --- Electroquímica --- Elements químics --- Estereoquímica --- Evaporació --- Explosius --- Farmàcia --- Fermentació --- Foc --- Geoquímica --- Microquímica --- Nanoquímica --- Química agrícola --- Química ambiental --- Química analítica --- Química dental --- Química farmacèutica --- Química física --- Química inorgànica --- Química orgànica --- Química sanitària --- Reaccions químiques --- Sals --- Verins --- Ensenyament de la química --- Gastronomia molecular --- Acústica musical --- Astrofísica --- Biofísica --- Buit --- Calor --- Capil·laritat --- Ciència dels materials --- Compressibilitat --- Cronometria --- Difusió --- Dinàmica molecular --- Electricitat --- Fenomenologia (Física) --- Fenòmens crítics (Física) --- Fenòmens de relaxació --- Fenòmens mesoscòpics (Física) --- Física de l'estat sòlid --- Física estadística --- Física mèdica --- Fluids --- Energia --- Geofísica --- Lleis de conservació (Física) --- Magnetisme --- Mecànica --- Meteorologia --- Nanoestructures --- Òptica --- Permeabilitat --- Pesos i mesures --- Pneumàtica --- Radiació --- Radiologia --- Simetria (Física) --- Similitud (Física) --- Superfícies (Física) --- Teoria de camps (Física) --- Teoria quàntica --- Termodinàmica --- Dinàmica --- Ensenyament de la física --- Físics --- Físiques --- Història de la física --- Física radiològica --- Física --- Radiografia
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This handbook presents the development of synchrotron light sources and free-electron lasers as well as new scientific applications. Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century had such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal discovery of X-rays in the year 1895. X-ray tubes soon became established as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and even public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher and higher brilliance and much extended spectral range for an ever widening field of research resulted in stunning developments like the electron storage ring and the free-electron laser. This second edition includes both updated chapters and new contributions highlighting the most recent developments in the field. Reports on operation experience of the new FEL facilities are complemented by discussions of new developments in X-ray beamline optics and detectors. Contributions on applications now include high pressure work, catalytic processes and engineering materials, medical applications and studies of cultural heritage. New contributions on IR spectroscopy, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and studies of liquids complete this second edition. .
Synchrotron radiation --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Physical organic chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Bremsstrahlung, Magnetic --- Emission, Synchrotron --- Magnetic bremsstrahlung --- Synchrotron emission --- Electromagnetic waves --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Optics. --- Electrodynamics. --- Materials science. --- Physical chemistry. --- Radiology. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement . --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Classical Electrodynamics. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Imaging / Radiology. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Radiological physics --- Radiation --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Chemistry --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Light --- Radiació sincrotrònica --- Superfícies (Física) --- Química física orgànica --- Física de la superfície --- Física --- Interfícies (Ciències físiques) --- Fisicoquímica orgànica --- Química orgànica física --- Química física --- Química orgànica --- Bioquímica física --- Fotoquímica orgànica --- Emissió de sincrotró --- Emissió sincrotrònica --- Radiació de sincrotró --- Ones electromagnètiques --- Física de partícules --- Sincrotrons --- Materials --- Measurement. --- Measuring instruments. --- Characterization and Analytical Technique. --- Analysis. --- Instruments, Measuring --- Measuring tools --- Scientific apparatus and instruments --- Instruments
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This book provides a broad and nuanced overview of the achievements and legacy of Professor William (“Bill”) Goddard in the field of computational materials and molecular science. Leading researchers from around the globe discuss Goddard’s work and its lasting impacts, which can be seen in today’s cutting-edge chemistry, materials science, and biology techniques. Each section of the book closes with an outline of the prospects for future developments. In the course of a career spanning more than 50 years, Goddard’s seminal work has led to dramatic advances in a diverse range of science and engineering fields. Presenting scientific essays and reflections by students, postdoctoral associates, collaborators and colleagues, the book describes the contributions of one of the world’s greatest materials and molecular scientists in the context of theory, experimentation, and applications, and examines his legacy in each area, from conceptualization (the first mile) to developments and extensions aimed at applications, and lastly to de novo design (the last mile). Goddard’s passion for science, his insights, and his ability to actively engage with his collaborators in bold initiatives is a model for us all. As he enters his second half-century of scientific research and education, this book inspires future generations of students and researchers to employ and extend these powerful techniques and insights to tackle today’s critical problems in biology, chemistry, and materials. Examples highlighted in the book include new materials for photocatalysts to convert water and CO2 into fuels, novel catalysts for the highly selective and active catalysis of alkanes to valuable organics, simulating the chemistry in film growth to develop two-dimensional functional films, and predicting ligand–protein binding and activation to enable the design of targeted drugs with minimal side effects.
Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Engineering—Materials. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical. --- Biochemistry. --- Mathematical physics. --- Nanoscale science. --- Nanoscience. --- Nanostructures. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Materials Engineering. --- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Mathematical Applications in the Physical Sciences. --- Nanoscale Science and Technology. --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano science --- Nanoscale science --- Nanosciences --- Science --- Physical mathematics --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Materials --- Mathematics --- Composition --- Materials science. --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Bioquímica --- Ciència dels materials --- Nanotecnologia --- Teoria molecular --- Goddard, William A., --- Molècules, Teoria de les --- Fisicoquímica --- Matèria --- Tecnologia molecular --- Alta tecnologia --- Enginyeria dels materials --- Ciències físiques --- Bioquímica fisiològica --- Química biològica --- Química fisiològica --- Ciències de la salut --- Histoquímica --- Constitució
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