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The scientific community has made significant progress in our molecular understanding of sporadic and hereditary colorectal carcinogenesis and progression. Thie pertains to, e.g., the discovery of (mutated) oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, microsatellite instabilities, modifications in DNA repair, cellular aging, signaling cascades, genomic, epigenetic, transcriptional, translational, and protein modifications, as well as microbiotic factors and further parameters. Progression and metastasis have been more intensively studied, especially during recent years, leading to an intensified knowledge on molecular protagonists and microenvironmental interactions contributing to invasion, dissemination, and metastasis; still, more concerted efforts need to be made to better understand issues such as metastasis to different sites or the metastatic heterogeneity of single cells. Nevertheless, based on actual discoveries, personalized medicine, together with highly interdisciplinary therapeutic strategies combining advanced levels of surgical techniques, oncology, and radiation in neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or palliative settings, has started to improve the clinical prognosis of individual patients with colorectal cancer. The present Special Issue features articles of excellent international experts with the latest data in the fields mentioned. With this Special Issue, we aim to deepen discussions amongst colleagues in all kinds of disciplines working on this disease and to intensify interdisciplinary collaborations aimed at an ultimate understanding of strategies to defeat and prevent, colorectal cancer, and its progression.

Medicine --- Oncology --- Phage --- bacteriophages --- diet --- infection --- colorectal --- cancer --- nutrition --- circulating tumor cells --- colorectal cancer --- EPISPOT assay --- CellSearch® system --- predictive value --- chromatin density --- nanoscale --- tumour cell heterogeneity --- microRNAs --- metastasis --- super-resolution microscopy --- early onset --- cohort --- epidemiology --- liquid biopsy --- biomarker --- indirect carcinogenesis --- bovine meat and milk factors (BMMF) --- chronic zoonosis --- multiplex --- tumor immunology --- immune landscape --- spontaneous feline intestinal tumors --- comparative oncology --- tumor budding --- CTNNB1 --- genome-wide methylation array --- methylation --- miRNA --- colon cancer --- personalized treatment --- drug combinations --- Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) --- polyp --- TIMPs --- MMP polymorphisms --- MMP targeting --- S100A4 --- DKK1 --- Wnt signaling --- patient survival --- gender --- rectal cancer --- radiochemotherapy --- radiosensitivity --- DNA double-strand breaks --- deposited energy --- quality of life --- blood values --- (molecular) carcinogenesis --- cancer progression --- (single) cancer cell heterogeneity --- models --- infectious agents --- (targeted) therapy --- personalized medicine --- Phage --- bacteriophages --- diet --- infection --- colorectal --- cancer --- nutrition --- circulating tumor cells --- colorectal cancer --- EPISPOT assay --- CellSearch® system --- predictive value --- chromatin density --- nanoscale --- tumour cell heterogeneity --- microRNAs --- metastasis --- super-resolution microscopy --- early onset --- cohort --- epidemiology --- liquid biopsy --- biomarker --- indirect carcinogenesis --- bovine meat and milk factors (BMMF) --- chronic zoonosis --- multiplex --- tumor immunology --- immune landscape --- spontaneous feline intestinal tumors --- comparative oncology --- tumor budding --- CTNNB1 --- genome-wide methylation array --- methylation --- miRNA --- colon cancer --- personalized treatment --- drug combinations --- Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) --- polyp --- TIMPs --- MMP polymorphisms --- MMP targeting --- S100A4 --- DKK1 --- Wnt signaling --- patient survival --- gender --- rectal cancer --- radiochemotherapy --- radiosensitivity --- DNA double-strand breaks --- deposited energy --- quality of life --- blood values --- (molecular) carcinogenesis --- cancer progression --- (single) cancer cell heterogeneity --- models --- infectious agents --- (targeted) therapy --- personalized medicine

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The analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a real-time liquid biopsy approach can be used to obtain new insights into metastasis biology, and as companion diagnostics to improve the stratification of therapies and to obtain insights into the therapy-induced selection of cancer cells. In this book, we will cover all the different facets of CTCs to assemble a huge corpus of knowledge on cancer dissemination: technologies for their enrichment, detection, and characterization; their analysis at the single-cell level; their journey as CTC microemboli; their clinical relevance; their biology with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT); their stem-cell properties; their potential to initiate metastasis at distant sites; their ex vivo expansion; and their escape from the immune system.

n/a --- FOLFIRINOX --- immunofluorescence imaging --- AR-V7 --- circulating tumour cells --- chemoradioresistance --- CTC-based treatment decisions --- rVAR2 --- immunophenotyping --- immune system --- CellSearch® --- flow cytometry --- clinical trials --- circulating tumor DNA --- synaptophysin --- stem cells --- colorectal cancer --- melanoma --- CTC biology --- platelets --- AR --- CTC capture technology --- castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) --- PD-L1 expression --- rovalpituzumab tesirine --- HMB-45 --- thymidylate synthase --- ctDNA --- tumor cell dissemination --- solid cancers --- metastasis --- locally advanced rectal cancer --- miRNA --- epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) --- NSCLC --- tumor biomarkers --- tumor stem cells --- circulating tumor cells --- major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) --- bone marrow --- heterogeneity --- cerebrospinal liquid biopsy --- fish --- glioma --- in vivo flow cytometry --- colorectal surgery --- CellSearch --- single-cell analysis --- disseminated tumor cells --- EasyCount slides --- microsatellite instability --- circulating plasma cells --- circulating leukemia cells --- ARV7 --- SLUG --- androgen receptor --- metastatic colorectal cancer --- leukocyte-derived extracellular vesicles --- prostate cancer (PCa) --- neutrophils --- liquid biopsy --- enzalutamide --- CD133 --- enrichment and detection technologies --- biomarkers --- immune checkpoint inhibitors --- biomarker --- RAD23B --- microbiome --- integrin B1 --- ACCEPT --- emboli --- small-cell lung carcinoma --- EPISPOT --- microfluidics --- early breast cancer --- circulating tumor cells (CTC) --- tumor-initiating cells (TICs) --- immunomodulation --- xenograft models --- CTC-derived xenografts --- malaria --- circulating tumor cells (CTCs) --- clinical utility --- exosomes --- liquid surgery --- ctRNA --- CTCs --- epithelial–mesenchymal transition --- targeted therapy --- hematological cells --- gene expression analysis --- hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) --- breast cancer --- EpCAM enrichment --- prostate cancer --- CTC --- abiraterone --- fibronectin --- CTC-derived ex vivo models --- CTMat --- chromogranin A --- CTM --- exosome --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition