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This book describes the similarities and differences between two species, bonobos and chimpanzees, based on the three decades the author has spent studying them in the wild, and shows how the contrasting nature of these two species is also reflected in human nature. The most important differences between bonobos and chimpanzees, our closest relatives, are the social mechanisms of coexistence in group life. Chimpanzees are known as a fairly despotic species in which the males exclusively dominate over the females, and maintain a rigid hierarchy. Chimpanzees have developed social intelligence to survive severe competition among males: by upholding the hierarchy of dominance, they can usually preserve peaceful relations among group members. In contrast, female bonobos have the same or even a higher social status than males. By evolving pseudo-estrus during their non-reproductive period, females have succeeded in moderating inter-male sexual competition, and in initiating mate selection. Although they are non-related in male-philopatric society, they usually aggregate in a group, enjoy priority access to food, determine which male is the alpha male, and generally maintain much more peaceful social relations compared to chimpanzees. Lastly, by identifying key mechanisms of social coexistence in these two species, the author also seeks to find solutions or “hope” for the peaceful coexistence of human beings. "Takeshi Furuichi is one of very few scientists in the world familiar with both chimpanzees and bonobos. In lively prose, reflecting personal experience with apes in the rain forest, he compares our two closest relatives and explains the striking differences between the male- dominated and territorial chimpanzees and the female-centered gentle bonobos." Frans de Waal, author of Mama’s Last Hug - Animal Emotions and What They Tell Us about Ourselves (Norton, 2019).

Bonobo --- Behavior. --- Life sciences. --- Zoology. --- Behavioral sciences. --- Nature. --- Environment. --- Popular Life Sciences. --- Behavioral Sciences. --- Popular Science in Nature and Environment. --- Biology --- Natural history --- Animals --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Primats --- Primatologia --- Mamífers --- Catarrins --- Homínids --- Lorísids --- Lèmurs --- Mones --- Prosimis --- Simis --- Yeti --- Antropologia física --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology

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Ethnoprimatology is situated at the intersection between the biological and cultural subfields of anthropology. Research on the interface between human and nonhuman primates has been steadily increasing since 1997, when the term ethnoprimatology was first coined. Although there have been studies on human–nonhuman primate interactions in the tropical Americas, no single comprehensive volume has been published that integrates this information to fully understand it in this region. Eighteen novel chapters written by outstanding scholars with various backgrounds are included in this edited volume. They refer to the complex interconnections between different indigenous peoples with New World monkeys that sympatrically share their ancestral territories. Geographically, the range covers all of the Neotropics, from southern Mexico through northern Argentina. This work includes topics such as primates as prey and food, ethnozoology/ethnoecology, cosmology, narratives about monkeys, uses of primates, monkeys as pets, and ethnoclassification. Multiple views as well as diverse theoretical and methodological approaches are found within the pages. In sum, this is a compendium of ethnoprimatological research that will be prized by anthropologists, ethnobiologists, primatologists, conservationists, and zoologists alike. “This book… provides a historical benchmark for all subsequent research in ethnoprimatology in the Neotropics and beyond.” — Leslie E. Sponsel, University of Hawai´i at Mānoa.

Biodiversity. --- Systems biology. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Ethnology. --- Systems Biology. --- Plant Sciences. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Social Anthropology. --- Cultural anthropology --- Ethnography --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Anthropology --- Human beings --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Natural history --- Plants --- Computational biology --- Bioinformatics --- Biological systems --- Molecular biology --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Primatology. --- Indigenous peoples. --- Ethnozoology. --- Ethnoecology. --- Indigenous peoples --- Human ecology --- Traditional ecological knowledge --- Ethnobiology --- Animals --- Aboriginal peoples --- Aborigines --- Adivasis --- Indigenous populations --- Native peoples --- Native races --- Ethnology --- Mammalogy --- Ethnozoology --- Floristic botany --- Antropologia cultural --- Primats --- Relacions home-animal --- Animals i home --- Éssers humans i animals --- Home i animals --- Persones i animals --- Relacions animal-home --- Animals i civilització --- Comunicació amb els animals --- Relacions infant-animal --- Teràpia amb animals de companyia --- Primatologia --- Mamífers --- Catarrins --- Homínids --- Lorísids --- Lèmurs --- Mones --- Prosimis --- Simis --- Yeti --- Antropologia física --- Antropologia cultural i social --- Etnologia --- Antropologia --- Ciència --- Home --- Aborígens australians --- Afganesos --- Antropologia feminista --- Antropologia estructural --- Antropologia religiosa --- Antropologia urbana --- Antropometria --- Art primitiu --- Canibalisme --- Etnomusicologia --- Etnopoètica --- Grups ètnics --- Home prehistòric --- Indústries primitives --- Moviments nativistes --- Papús --- Parentiu --- Pigmeus --- Relacions racials --- Religió primitiva --- Sikhs --- Socialització --- Societat primitiva --- Territorialisme humà --- Usos i costums --- Antropologia social --- Arqueologia --- Aborígens --- Etnografia --- Relativisme cultural --- Pobles indígenes