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The authors provide an overview of the preferential rules of origin in East Asia, highlighting the aspects that might possibly generate some trade-chilling effects. They review characteristics of existing preferential trade agreements with special emphasis on lessons from the European experience, and analyze some important features of the existing rules of origin in East and South-East Asian regional integration agreements. The empirical analysis of the effectiveness of preferentialism on intra-regional trade flows focuses on the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), with the aim of providing a rough estimate of the costs of requesting preferences. The results suggest that preferential tariffs favorably affect intra-regional imports only at very high margins (around 25 percentage points). This points to the likelihood of high administrative costs attached to the exploitation of preferences, particularly with regard to the compliance with AFTA's rules of origin.
Bilateral free trade agreements --- Economic Theory and Research --- Free Trade --- Free Trade Agreements --- Free Trade Area --- International Economics & Trade --- Law and Development --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Preferential rules of origin --- Public Sector Development --- Regional Integration --- Regional trade --- Rules of Origin --- Tariff data --- Trade flows --- Trade Law --- Trade Policy
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The authors provide an overview of the preferential rules of origin in East Asia, highlighting the aspects that might possibly generate some trade-chilling effects. They review characteristics of existing preferential trade agreements with special emphasis on lessons from the European experience, and analyze some important features of the existing rules of origin in East and South-East Asian regional integration agreements. The empirical analysis of the effectiveness of preferentialism on intra-regional trade flows focuses on the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), with the aim of providing a rough estimate of the costs of requesting preferences. The results suggest that preferential tariffs favorably affect intra-regional imports only at very high margins (around 25 percentage points). This points to the likelihood of high administrative costs attached to the exploitation of preferences, particularly with regard to the compliance with AFTA's rules of origin.
Bilateral free trade agreements --- Economic Theory and Research --- Free Trade --- Free Trade Agreements --- Free Trade Area --- International Economics & Trade --- Law and Development --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Preferential rules of origin --- Public Sector Development --- Regional Integration --- Regional trade --- Rules of Origin --- Tariff data --- Trade flows --- Trade Law --- Trade Policy
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The stabilization and association process launched by the European Union in the aftermath of the Kosovo war in 1999 has created a new policy environment for five South East European countries (SEE-5). In exchange for EU assistance, the prospect of EU accession, and the continuation of preferential access to EU markets, SEE-5 governments have to upgrade their institutions and governance by European standards and engage in mutual regional cooperation, including stability pact member-countries. Kaminski and de la Rocha examine the benefits to SEE-5 of trade liberalization along two dimensions and suggest conditions under which these could be maximized. They argue that the process of regional trade liberalization should be extended to multilateral liberalization, aligning SEE-5 most-favored-nation (MFN) applied tariffs on industrial products with EU MFN tariffs, and that priority be given to structural reforms and regional cooperation aimed at trade facilitation. As interindustry trade rather than intra-industry trade dominates intra-SEE-5 trade, the potential for expansion in intra-SEE-5 trade is limited at least within the confines of the existing production structures and transportation infrastructure. Therefore SEE-5 free trade agreements are unlikely to contribute to economic growth without concurrent efforts to improve infrastructure, trade facilitation, business, and investment climate, as well as to increase competition from MFN imports to external preferential suppliers through multilateral liberalization. This paper-a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Sector Unit, Europe and Central Asia Region-was prepared in the context of the World Bank's regional program for South Eastern Europe. Its objective is to support the integration in the world economy-and in Europe in particular-of five countries that are currently engaged with the European Union in the stabilization and association process.
Bilateral Free Trade Agreements --- Competitive Market --- Competitive Markets --- Customs Procedures --- Economic Theory and Research --- Emerging Markets --- Exporters --- Free Trade --- Industrial Products --- Industry Trade --- International Economics & Trade --- Law and Development --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Multilateral Liberalization --- Preferential Access --- Private Sector Development --- Public Sector Development --- Regional Integration --- Regional Trade --- Regional Trade Liberalization --- Tariffs --- Trade --- Trade and Regional Integration --- Trade Facilitation --- Trade Law --- Trade Liberalization --- Trade Policies --- Trade Policy --- Trade Preferences --- Trade Restrictions
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