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This book presents the complete proof of the Bloch-Kato conjecture and several related conjectures of Beilinson and Lichtenbaum in algebraic geometry. Brought together here for the first time, these conjectures describe the structure of étale cohomology and its relation to motivic cohomology and Chow groups.Although the proof relies on the work of several people, it is credited primarily to Vladimir Voevodsky. The authors draw on a multitude of published and unpublished sources to explain the large-scale structure of Voevodsky's proof and introduce the key figures behind its development. They go on to describe the highly innovative geometric constructions of Markus Rost, including the construction of norm varieties, which play a crucial role in the proof. The book then addresses symmetric powers of motives and motivic cohomology operations.Comprehensive and self-contained, The Norm Residue Theorem in Motivic Cohomology unites various components of the proof that until now were scattered across many sources of varying accessibility, often with differing hypotheses, definitions, and language.

Homology theory. --- Cohomology theory --- Contrahomology theory --- Algebraic topology --- 5P. --- Abelian group. --- Addition. --- Additive category. --- Adjoint functors. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic cobordism. --- Algebraic cycle. --- Algebraic extension. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Algebraic topology. --- Andrei Suslin. --- Axiom. --- Characteristic class. --- Classifying space. --- Closed set. --- Codimension. --- Cofibration. --- Cohomology operation. --- Cohomology. --- Conjecture. --- Corollary. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Direct limit. --- Exact sequence. --- Factorization. --- Fibration. --- Functor. --- Galois cohomology. --- Galois extension. --- Group object. --- Homology (mathematics). --- Homotopy category. --- Homotopy. --- Hypersurface. --- Inverse function. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mathematics. --- Milnor K-theory. --- Model category. --- Module (mathematics). --- Monoid. --- Monomorphism. --- Morphism. --- Motivic cohomology. --- Natural number. --- Normal bundle. --- Open set. --- Presheaf (category theory). --- Pushout (category theory). --- Quantity. --- Quillen adjunction. --- Rational point. --- Regular representation. --- Remainder. --- Retract. --- Separable extension. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Smooth scheme. --- Special case. --- Subgroup. --- Summation. --- Tangent space. --- Theorem. --- Trivial representation. --- Vladimir Voevodsky. --- Weak equivalence (homotopy theory).

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Toric varieties are algebraic varieties arising from elementary geometric and combinatorial objects such as convex polytopes in Euclidean space with vertices on lattice points. Since many algebraic geometry notions such as singularities, birational maps, cycles, homology, intersection theory, and Riemann-Roch translate into simple facts about polytopes, toric varieties provide a marvelous source of examples in algebraic geometry. In the other direction, general facts from algebraic geometry have implications for such polytopes, such as to the problem of the number of lattice points they contain. In spite of the fact that toric varieties are very special in the spectrum of all algebraic varieties, they provide a remarkably useful testing ground for general theories.The aim of this mini-course is to develop the foundations of the study of toric varieties, with examples, and describe some of these relations and applications. The text concludes with Stanley's theorem characterizing the numbers of simplicies in each dimension in a convex simplicial polytope. Although some general theorems are quoted without proof, the concrete interpretations via simplicial geometry should make the text accessible to beginners in algebraic geometry.

Algebraic geometry --- Differential geometry. Global analysis --- 512.7 --- Algebraic geometry. Commutative rings and algebras --- Toric varieties. --- 512.7 Algebraic geometry. Commutative rings and algebras --- Toric varieties --- Embeddings, Torus --- Torus embeddings --- Varieties, Toric --- Algebraic varieties --- Addition. --- Affine plane. --- Affine space. --- Affine variety. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Alexander duality. --- Algebraic curve. --- Algebraic group. --- Atiyah–Singer index theorem. --- Automorphism. --- Betti number. --- Big O notation. --- Characteristic class. --- Chern class. --- Chow group. --- Codimension. --- Cohomology. --- Combinatorics. --- Commutative property. --- Complete intersection. --- Convex polytope. --- Convex set. --- Coprime integers. --- Cotangent space. --- Dedekind sum. --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Direct proof. --- Discrete valuation ring. --- Discrete valuation. --- Disjoint union. --- Divisor (algebraic geometry). --- Divisor. --- Dual basis. --- Dual space. --- Equation. --- Equivalence class. --- Equivariant K-theory. --- Euler characteristic. --- Exact sequence. --- Explicit formula. --- Facet (geometry). --- Fundamental group. --- Graded ring. --- Grassmannian. --- H-vector. --- Hirzebruch surface. --- Hodge theory. --- Homogeneous coordinates. --- Homomorphism. --- Hypersurface. --- Intersection theory. --- Invertible matrix. --- Invertible sheaf. --- Isoperimetric inequality. --- Lattice (group). --- Leray spectral sequence. --- Limit point. --- Line bundle. --- Line segment. --- Linear subspace. --- Local ring. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mixed volume. --- Moduli space. --- Moment map. --- Monotonic function. --- Natural number. --- Newton polygon. --- Open set. --- Picard group. --- Pick's theorem. --- Polytope. --- Projective space. --- Quadric. --- Quotient space (topology). --- Regular sequence. --- Relative interior. --- Resolution of singularities. --- Restriction (mathematics). --- Resultant. --- Riemann–Roch theorem. --- Serre duality. --- Sign (mathematics). --- Simplex. --- Simplicial complex. --- Simultaneous equations. --- Spectral sequence. --- Subgroup. --- Subset. --- Summation. --- Surjective function. --- Tangent bundle. --- Theorem. --- Topology. --- Toric variety. --- Unit disk. --- Vector space. --- Weil conjecture. --- Zariski topology.

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In this monograph p-adic period domains are associated to arbitrary reductive groups. Using the concept of rigid-analytic period maps the relation of p-adic period domains to moduli space of p-divisible groups is investigated. In addition, non-archimedean uniformization theorems for general Shimura varieties are established. The exposition includes background material on Grothendieck's "mysterious functor" (Fontaine theory), on moduli problems of p-divisible groups, on rigid analytic spaces, and on the theory of Shimura varieties, as well as an exposition of some aspects of Drinfelds' original construction. In addition, the material is illustrated throughout the book with numerous examples.

p-adic groups --- p-divisible groups --- Moduli theory --- 512.7 --- Theory of moduli --- Analytic spaces --- Functions of several complex variables --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Groups, p-divisible --- Group schemes (Mathematics) --- Groups, p-adic --- Group theory --- Algebraic geometry. Commutative rings and algebras --- 512.7 Algebraic geometry. Commutative rings and algebras --- p-divisible groups. --- Moduli theory. --- p-adic groups. --- Abelian variety. --- Addition. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic number field. --- Algebraic space. --- Algebraically closed field. --- Artinian ring. --- Automorphism. --- Base change. --- Basis (linear algebra). --- Big O notation. --- Bilinear form. --- Canonical map. --- Cohomology. --- Cokernel. --- Commutative algebra. --- Commutative ring. --- Complex multiplication. --- Conjecture. --- Covering space. --- Degenerate bilinear form. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Dimension (vector space). --- Dimension. --- Duality (mathematics). --- Elementary function. --- Epimorphism. --- Equation. --- Existential quantification. --- Fiber bundle. --- Field of fractions. --- Finite field. --- Formal scheme. --- Functor. --- Galois group. --- General linear group. --- Geometric invariant theory. --- Hensel's lemma. --- Homomorphism. --- Initial and terminal objects. --- Inner automorphism. --- Integral domain. --- Irreducible component. --- Isogeny. --- Isomorphism class. --- Linear algebra. --- Linear algebraic group. --- Local ring. --- Local system. --- Mathematical induction. --- Maximal ideal. --- Maximal torus. --- Module (mathematics). --- Moduli space. --- Monomorphism. --- Morita equivalence. --- Morphism. --- Multiplicative group. --- Noetherian ring. --- Open set. --- Orthogonal basis. --- Orthogonal complement. --- Orthonormal basis. --- P-adic number. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Period mapping. --- Prime element. --- Prime number. --- Projective line. --- Projective space. --- Quaternion algebra. --- Reductive group. --- Residue field. --- Rigid analytic space. --- Semisimple algebra. --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Shimura variety. --- Special case. --- Subalgebra. --- Subgroup. --- Subset. --- Summation. --- Supersingular elliptic curve. --- Support (mathematics). --- Surjective function. --- Symmetric bilinear form. --- Symmetric space. --- Tate module. --- Tensor algebra. --- Tensor product. --- Theorem. --- Topological ring. --- Topology. --- Torsor (algebraic geometry). --- Uniformization theorem. --- Uniformization. --- Unitary group. --- Weil group. --- Zariski topology.

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This book presents the analytic foundations to the theory of the hypoelliptic Laplacian. The hypoelliptic Laplacian, a second-order operator acting on the cotangent bundle of a compact manifold, is supposed to interpolate between the classical Laplacian and the geodesic flow. Jean-Michel Bismut and Gilles Lebeau establish the basic functional analytic properties of this operator, which is also studied from the perspective of local index theory and analytic torsion. The book shows that the hypoelliptic Laplacian provides a geometric version of the Fokker-Planck equations. The authors give the proper functional analytic setting in order to study this operator and develop a pseudodifferential calculus, which provides estimates on the hypoelliptic Laplacian's resolvent. When the deformation parameter tends to zero, the hypoelliptic Laplacian converges to the standard Hodge Laplacian of the base by a collapsing argument in which the fibers of the cotangent bundle collapse to a point. For the local index theory, small time asymptotics for the supertrace of the associated heat kernel are obtained. The Ray-Singer analytic torsion of the hypoelliptic Laplacian as well as the associated Ray-Singer metrics on the determinant of the cohomology are studied in an equivariant setting, resulting in a key comparison formula between the elliptic and hypoelliptic analytic torsions.

Differential equations, Hypoelliptic. --- Laplacian operator. --- Metric spaces. --- Spaces, Metric --- Operator, Laplacian --- Hypoelliptic differential equations --- Generalized spaces --- Set theory --- Topology --- Differential equations, Partial --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Analytic function. --- Asymptote. --- Asymptotic expansion. --- Berezin integral. --- Bijection. --- Brownian dynamics. --- Brownian motion. --- Chaos theory. --- Chern class. --- Classical Wiener space. --- Clifford algebra. --- Cohomology. --- Combination. --- Commutator. --- Computation. --- Connection form. --- Coordinate system. --- Cotangent bundle. --- Covariance matrix. --- Curvature tensor. --- Curvature. --- De Rham cohomology. --- Derivative. --- Determinant. --- Differentiable manifold. --- Differential operator. --- Dirac operator. --- Direct proof. --- Eigenform. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Ellipse. --- Embedding. --- Equation. --- Estimation. --- Euclidean space. --- Explicit formula. --- Explicit formulae (L-function). --- Feynman–Kac formula. --- Fiber bundle. --- Fokker–Planck equation. --- Formal power series. --- Fourier series. --- Fourier transform. --- Fredholm determinant. --- Function space. --- Girsanov theorem. --- Ground state. --- Heat kernel. --- Hilbert space. --- Hodge theory. --- Holomorphic function. --- Holomorphic vector bundle. --- Hypoelliptic operator. --- Integration by parts. --- Invertible matrix. --- Logarithm. --- Malliavin calculus. --- Martingale (probability theory). --- Matrix calculus. --- Mellin transform. --- Morse theory. --- Notation. --- Parameter. --- Parametrix. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Polynomial. --- Principal bundle. --- Probabilistic method. --- Projection (linear algebra). --- Rectangle. --- Resolvent set. --- Ricci curvature. --- Riemann–Roch theorem. --- Scientific notation. --- Self-adjoint operator. --- Self-adjoint. --- Sign convention. --- Smoothness. --- Sobolev space. --- Spectral theory. --- Square root. --- Stochastic calculus. --- Stochastic process. --- Summation. --- Supertrace. --- Symmetric space. --- Tangent space. --- Taylor series. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Torus. --- Trace class. --- Translational symmetry. --- Transversality (mathematics). --- Uniform convergence. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector bundle. --- Vector space. --- Wave equation.

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Riemann introduced the concept of a "local system" on P1-{a finite set of points} nearly 140 years ago. His idea was to study nth order linear differential equations by studying the rank n local systems (of local holomorphic solutions) to which they gave rise. His first application was to study the classical Gauss hypergeometric function, which he did by studying rank-two local systems on P1- {0,1,infinity}. His investigation was successful, largely because any such (irreducible) local system is rigid in the sense that it is globally determined as soon as one knows separately each of its local monodromies. It became clear that luck played a role in Riemann's success: most local systems are not rigid. Yet many classical functions are solutions of differential equations whose local systems are rigid, including both of the standard nth order generalizations of the hypergeometric function, n F n-1's, and the Pochhammer hypergeometric functions. This book is devoted to constructing all (irreducible) rigid local systems on P1-{a finite set of points} and recognizing which collections of independently given local monodromies arise as the local monodromies of irreducible rigid local systems. Although the problems addressed here go back to Riemann, and seem to be problems in complex analysis, their solutions depend essentially on a great deal of very recent arithmetic algebraic geometry, including Grothendieck's etale cohomology theory, Deligne's proof of his far-reaching generalization of the original Weil Conjectures, the theory of perverse sheaves, and Laumon's work on the l-adic Fourier Transform.

Differential equations --- Hypergeometric functions. --- Sheaf theory. --- Numerical solutions. --- Additive group. --- Alexander Grothendieck. --- Algebraic closure. --- Algebraic differential equation. --- Algebraically closed field. --- Algorithm. --- Analytic continuation. --- Automorphism. --- Axiom of choice. --- Bernhard Riemann. --- Big O notation. --- Calculation. --- Carlos Simpson. --- Coefficient. --- Cohomology. --- Commutator. --- Compactification (mathematics). --- Comparison theorem. --- Complex analytic space. --- Complex conjugate. --- Complex manifold. --- Conjecture. --- Conjugacy class. --- Convolution. --- Corollary. --- Cube root. --- Cusp form. --- De Rham cohomology. --- Differential equation. --- Dimension. --- Dimensional analysis. --- Discrete valuation ring. --- Disjoint union. --- Divisor. --- Duality (mathematics). --- Eigenfunction. --- Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. --- Elliptic curve. --- Equation. --- Equivalence of categories. --- Exact sequence. --- Existential quantification. --- Finite field. --- Finite set. --- Fourier transform. --- Functor. --- Fundamental group. --- Generic point. --- Ground field. --- Hodge structure. --- Hypergeometric function. --- Integer. --- Invertible matrix. --- Isomorphism class. --- Jordan normal form. --- Level of measurement. --- Linear differential equation. --- Local system. --- Mathematical induction. --- Mathematics. --- Matrix (mathematics). --- Monodromy. --- Monomial. --- Morphism. --- Natural filtration. --- Parameter. --- Parity (mathematics). --- Perfect field. --- Perverse sheaf. --- Polynomial. --- Prime number. --- Projective representation. --- Projective space. --- Pullback (category theory). --- Pullback. --- Rational function. --- Regular singular point. --- Relative dimension. --- Residue field. --- Ring of integers. --- Root of unity. --- Sequence. --- Sesquilinear form. --- Set (mathematics). --- Sheaf (mathematics). --- Six operations. --- Special case. --- Subgroup. --- Subobject. --- Subring. --- Suggestion. --- Summation. --- Tensor product. --- Theorem. --- Theory. --- Topology. --- Triangular matrix. --- Trivial representation. --- Vector space. --- Zariski topology.