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The way in which music was financed from the 18th to the early 20th centuries has usually been depicted as a slow transition from private investment (or patronage) to more public forms of financial support. In particular, the later 18th and earlier 19th centuries marked fundamental changes in European life with the development of new technologies and expanding market economies. Composers and musicians, no longer bound by service to a court or a patron, were fully integrated into the musical market, and new categories emerged, such as theatre impresarios and the artistic agent. During the second half of the 19th century, the concept of a career as a concert musician began to take shape concurrently with the second Industrial Revolution. This book investigates the various aspects of financing the music world — in court, on lyrical stages, for concerts, or even music schools — and ask the question: did the provenance of funding and the funder’s identity have an impact on music itself?

Music --- Music trade --- Finance --- Economic aspects --- Social aspects --- 78.77.8 --- 78.87.1

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Composers --- Compositeurs --- Economic conditions --- Biography --- Conditions économiques --- Biographies --- Falla, Manuel de, --- 78.21.1 FALL 2008 --- 78.77.8

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In mid-seventeenth-century Venice, opera first emerged from courts and private drawing rooms to become a form of public entertainment. Early commercial operas were elaborate spectacles, featuring ornate costumes and set design along with dancing and music. As ambitious works of theater, these productions required not only significant financial backing, but also strong managers to oversee several months of rehearsals and performances. These impresarios were responsible for every facet of production from contracting the cast to balancing the books at season's end. The systems they created still survive, in part, today. Inventing the Business of Opera explores public opera in its infancy, from 1637 to 1677, when theater owners and impresarios established Venice as the operatic capital of Europe. Drawing on extensive new documentation, the book studies all of the components necessary to opera production, from the financial backing and the issue of patronage to the commissioning and creation of the libretto and the score; the recruitment and employment of singers, dancers, and instrumentalists; the production of the scenery and the costumes; and the nature of the audience. The authors examine the challenges faced by four separate Venetian theaters during the seventeenth century, and focus particularly on the progress of Marco Faustini, the impresario most well known today. Faustini made his way from one of Venice's smallest theaters to one of the largest, and his advancement provides a personal view of an impresario and his partners, who ranged from Venetian nobles to artisans. Throughout the book, Venice emerges as a city that prized novelty over economy, with new repertory, scenery, costumes, and expensive singers the rule rather than the exception. Through close examination of an extraordinary cache of documents--including personal papers, account books, and correspondence--Beth and Jonathan Glixon provide a comprehensive view of opera production in mid seventeenth

Theatre management --- Music --- anno 1600-1699 --- Venice --- Opera --- Production and direction --- History --- Italy --- Venice (Italy) --- 17th century --- 78.21.2 Venice --- 78.77.0 --- 78.77.8 --- Opéra --- Production et mise en scène --- Histoire --- Opera's --- Italië --- 17e eeuw

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Peu de femmes ont à ce point excité les passions, poussé aux commentaires les plus contradictoires, suscité autant de biographies. Marie-Antoinette n'est pas une reine comme les autres et l'on tend à la redécouvrir aujourd'hui sous des aspects moins connus. Le présent ouvrage se penche pour la première fois sur les liens forts qu'elle a entretenus avec la musique : ses études à Vienne, sa découverte du monde musical français, sa passion pour la harpe, le pianoforte et le chant, mais aussi pour l'opéra et l'opéra-comique. Par son soutien sans faille aux spectacles de la cour ou de Paris, elle a marqué sa volonté d'internationaliser un répertoire jusque-là très franco-centré.Au fil des pages, depuis son arrivée à l'âge de 14 ans jusqu'aux jours sombres des Tuileries,  on découvre le rôle important qu'elle a joué dans la société culturelle de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, ses liens avec le public des théâtres et avec les artistes, ainsi que l'influence qu'elle a exercée sur l'évolution du répertoire et les progrès techniques des instruments.  Tout au long d'une étude transversale qui unit la musique et les arts, mais aussi la politique, la société et des anecdotes de la vie quotidienne, Patrick Barbier propose un regard nouveau sur celle qui a été la reine mécène la plus mélomane et musicienne de l'histoire de France

Music patronage --- Music --- History --- History and criticism. --- Marie Antoinette, --- France --- Intellectual life --- 78 --- 78.26 --- 78.29.2 --- 78.44.2.1 --- 78.44.9.3 --- 78.52 --- 78.77.8 --- 78.43.8 --- Marie-Antoinette, reine de France, 1755-1793 --- Vie musicale -- Paris (France)