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Analysis (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, Austrian --- Philosophie analytique --- Philosophie autrichienne --- History --- Histoire

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Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "Bolzanos Propositionalismus" verfügbar.

Proposition (Logic) --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Analysis (Philosophy). --- Proposition (Logic). --- Bolzano, Bernard, --- Analysis, Linguistic (Philosophy) --- Analysis, Logical --- Analysis, Philosophical --- Analytic philosophy --- Analytical philosophy --- Linguistic analysis (Philosophy) --- Logical analysis --- Philosophical analysis --- Philosophy, Analytical --- Language and languages --- Methodology --- Philosophy --- Logical positivism --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Language and logic --- Logic --- Bolzano, Bernardus Placidus Johann Nepomuk

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"In the twentieth century English-language philosophy came to be science and logic oriented, and was suspicious of metaphysics. The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics traces our present philosophical outlook back to debates in Austro-German philosophy about the relation between empirical science and metaphysics: does empirical psychology depend on the metaphysics of the soul, the mental substance? The negative answer - that there is 'a psychology without a soul' - shaped Austrian philosophy and provided a model for ontologies that dispense with substances. Mark Textor tells the story of how and why (Austrian) philosophy turned against metaphysics. He introduces the key thinkers of the time, including the 'fathers of Austrian philosophy' Franz Brentano and Ernst Mach, whose Intentionalism (Brentano) and Neutral Monism (Mach) became distinctive and influential positions in the philosophy of mind. Textor goes on to use the 'psychology without a soul' view as a vantage point from which to reconstruct and assess the immediate pre-history and formation of analytic philosophy (Ward, Stout, Moore, Russell). While Austrian philosophers retired the soul, early analytic philosophers were happy to introduce a successor, the subject, and conceive of the mental as constituted by subject-object relations. The final part of the book returns to the theme of anti-metaphysics from a different perspective. In this part, the early Moritz Schlick, who would soon become the leading figure of the Vienna Circle, takes centre stage. It reconstructs Schlick's arguments for the conclusion that metaphysics lies beyond the limits of knowledge that are rooted in the philosophy of mind discussed in previous parts"--

Metaphysics --- History of philosophy --- anno 1800-1899 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1910-1919 --- Austria --- Philosophie --- Métaphysique.

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The notion of a propositional content plays a central role in contemporary philosophy of language. Propositional content makes up both the meaning of sentences and the content of propositional attitudes such as belief. One particular view about propositional content has been dominant in analytic philosophy, namely the Fregean conception of propositions as abstract mind-independent objects that come with truth conditions. But propositions in this sense raise a range of issues, which have become a center of debate in current philosophy of language. In particular, how should propositions as abstract objects be understood and how can they represent things and be true or false? A number of philosophers in contemporary analytic philosophy as well as in early analytic philosophy and phenomenology have approached the notion of a propositional content in a different way, not by starting out with an abstract truth berarer, but by focusing on cognitive acts of agents, such as acts of judging. It is in terms of such acts that the notion of a propositional content, on their view, should be understood. The act-based perspective historically goes back to the work of Central European philosophers, in particular that of Husserl, Twardowski, Meinong, and Reinach. However, their work has been unduly neglected and is in fact largely inaccessible to contemporary analytic philosophers. The volume presents a central selection of work of these philosophers that bear on an act-based conception of philosophical content, some of which in new translations (one paper by Reinach), some of which published in English for the very first time (two papers by Twardowski). In addition, the volume presents new work by leading contemporary philosophers of language pursuing or discussing an act-based conception of propositional content. Moreover, the book contains a crosslinguistic study of nominalizations for actions and products, a distinction that plays a central role in the philosophy of language of Twardowski.

Act (Philosophy) --- Semantics --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Proposition (Logic) --- Analysis (Philosophy)

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Jugendliche of Color sind auch in Deutschland von Racial Profiling und Polizeigewalt betroffen. Welche Erfahrungen machen sie mit diesen Praktiken? Wie erlangen sie ihre Handlungsfähigkeit zurück? Und welche Maßnahmen können sie ergreifen, um die Verhältnisse zu verbessern? Markus Textor bietet Antworten auf diese Fragen, indem er Licht auf ein national wie international schwach erforschtes Feld wirft. Durch qualitative Analysen zeigt er empirisch auf, dass Racial Profiling als rassistische Diskriminierungspraxis zu begreifen ist - und stößt so nicht nur theoretische Debatten in den Erziehungs-, Sozial- und Politikwissenschaften an, sondern macht diese auch für die sozialarbeiterische Praxis zugänglich.

SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations. --- Adolescents. --- Agency. --- Discrimination. --- Police Violence. --- Police. --- Political Ideologies. --- Racism. --- Social Pedagogy. --- Sociology. --- Violence.