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Ockham's razor, the principle of parsimony, states that simpler theories are better than theories that are more complex. It has a history dating back to Aristotle and it plays an important role in current physics, biology, and psychology. The razor also gets used outside of science - in everyday life and in philosophy. This book evaluates the principle and discusses its many applications. Fascinating examples from different domains provide a rich basis for contemplating the principle's promises and perils. It is obvious that simpler theories are beautiful and easy to understand; the hard problem is to figure out why the simplicity of a theory should be relevant to saying what the world is like. In this book, the ABCs of probability theory are succinctly developed and put to work to describe two 'parsimony paradigms' within which this problem can be solved.

Logic --- Ockham, of, William --- Reasoning --- Problem Solving --- Simplicity (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, Medieval --- Guilelmus de Occam, --- Simplicité (philosophie) --- Principe d'économie (philosophie) --- Résolution de problème --- Guillaume d'Ockham, --- Reasoning. --- Problem solving. --- Philosophy, Medieval. --- William, --- Simplicity (Philosophy). --- Résolution de problème. --- Guilelmus de Occam, - ca. 1285-1349 --- Medieval philosophy --- Scholasticism --- Philosophy --- Methodology --- Psychology --- Decision making --- Executive functions (Neuropsychology) --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Guglielmo, --- Guilelmus, --- Guilhelmus, --- Guillaume, --- Guillelmus, --- Guillermo, --- Occam, --- Occam, Guillaume d', --- Occam, William, --- Occamus, Guilielmus, --- Occhamus, Gulielmus, --- Ockam, Guilhelmus de, --- Ockham, William, --- Okkam, Uilʹi︠a︡m, --- Okkʻam, William, --- Wilhelm, --- William Okkʻam,

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Biology --- Philosophy of science --- Evolution --- Creationism --- Natural selection --- Religion and Science --- Philosophy --- Biologie --- Évolution (biologie) --- Évolutionnisme --- Créationnisme (théologie) --- Sélection naturelle --- Sociobiologie --- Evolution (Biology) --- Creationism. --- Philosophie --- Philosophy. --- Religious aspects --- Christianity. --- Évolutionnisme. --- Sélection naturelle. --- Sociobiologie. --- Philosophie. --- Evolution - Philosophy --- Natural selection - Philosophy --- Acqui 2006 --- Évolution (biologie) --- Évolutionnisme. --- Créationnisme (théologie) --- Sélection naturelle.

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These essays by leading scientists and philosophers address conceptual issues that arise in the theory and practice of evolutionary biology. The third edition of this widely used anthology has been substantially revised and updated. Four new sections have been added: on women in the evolutionary process, evolutionary psychology, laws in evolutionary theory, and race as social construction or biological reality. Other sections treat fitness, units of selection, adaptationism, reductionism, essentialism, species, phylogenetic inference, cultural evolution, and evolutionary ethics.Each of the twelve sections contains two or three essays that develop different views of the subject at hand. For example, the section on evolutionary psychology offers one essay by two founders of the field and another that questions its main tenets. One sign that a discipline is growing is that there are open questions, with multiple answers still in competition; the essays in this volume demonstrate that evolutionary biology and the philosophy of evolutionary biology are living, growing disciplines.

Evolution (Biology) --- Biology --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Biologie --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Evolution (Biology). --- Evolution (Biology) - Philosophy --- Biology - Philosophy

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Elliott Sober is one of the leading philosophers of science and is a former winner of the Lakatos Prize, the major award in the field. This new collection of essays will appeal to a readership that extends well beyond the frontiers of the philosophy of science. Sober shows how ideas in evolutionary biology bear in significant ways on traditional problems in philosophy of mind and language, epistemology, and metaphysics. Amongst the topics addressed are psychological egoism, solipsism, and the interpretation of belief and utterance, empiricism, Ockham's razor, causality, essentialism, and scientific laws. The collection will prove invaluable to a wide range of philosophers, primarily those working in the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mind, and epistemology.

Evolution. --- Biology --- Philosophy of mind. --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Empiricism. --- Essentialism (Philosophy) --- Time. --- Philosophy. --- Essentialism (Philosophy). --- Empiricism --- Ethics, Evolutionary --- Evolution --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy of mind --- Time --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Essence (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Substance (Philosophy) --- Experience --- Rationalism --- Vitalism --- Hours (Time) --- Geodetic astronomy --- Nautical astronomy --- Horology --- Mind, Philosophy of --- Mind, Theory of --- Theory of mind --- Cognitive science --- Metaphysics --- Philosophical anthropology --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Psychology --- Creation --- Emergence (Philosophy) --- Teleology --- Arts and Humanities

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Biological Evolution. --- Philosophy. --- Evolution (Biology) --- -Evolution --- -Science --- -Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Philosophy --- Creation --- Emergence (Philosophy) --- Teleology --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- Evolution, Biological --- Sociobiology --- Evolution --- Science --- -Philosophy --- -Philosophical Overview --- Natural science --- Biological Evolution --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy