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Third World: economic development problems --- Indonesia --- Economic development --- Développement économique --- Political aspects. --- Aspect politique --- Sulawesi Tengah (Indonesia) --- Sulawesi Tengah (Indonésie) --- Economic policy --- Politique économique --- Political aspects --- Aspects politiques --- #SBIB:39A75 --- Etnografie: Azië --- Economic policy. --- Développement économique --- Sulawesi Tengah (Indonésie) --- Politique économique --- Aspects politiques. --- Politique économique. --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Central Sulawesi (Indonesia) --- Economic development - Political aspects --- Sulawesi Tengah (Indonesia) - Economic policy

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Malays (Asian people) - Singapore. --- Singapore - Civilization. --- Singapore - Economic conditions.

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Cet ouvrage propose un remarquable récit du développement en action, centré sur une série de tentatives visant à améliorer les paysages et les modes de vie. L'auteur y expose, en détail tant les pratiques qui permettent aux experts de diagnostiquer les problèmes et de concevoir des interventions, que la capacité d'action des personnes dont les conduites sont visées par les réformes. Combinant très efficacement théorie, ethnographie et histoire, il est mis en lumière le travail d'agents de développement ayant opéré à différentes époques : fonctionnaires et missionnaires coloniaux ; spécialistes de l'agriculture, de l'hygiène et du crédit ; activistes politiques ayant créé leurs propres modèles devant guider les villageois vers des vies meilleures. L'auteur décrit et analyse des opérations visant, sur financements extérieurs, à intégrer des objectifs de conservation de la nature et de développement via la participation des communautés, ainsi qu'un programme gigantesque, d'un milliard de dollars US, conçu par la Banque mondiale pour réactiver ou réinventer la communauté villageoise, inculquer de nouveaux comportements basés sur la compétition et le choix, et reconstruire la société « par le bas ». Démontrant que la volonté d'« agir pour les autres » a une longue et complexe histoire, souvent troublée, Tania Murray Li identifie des récurrences fortes allant de la période coloniale jusqu'à l'époque actuelle. Attentive aux spécificités du développement dans les hautes terres de Sulawesi, en Indonésie, elle montre comment une série d'interventions se sont succédées et aussi imbriquées les unes dans les autres, et elle piste leurs effets contrastés, entre bien-être et famine, suivisme et mobilisation politique, solidarités nouvelles, résistance identitaire et action violente. Tania Murray Li est professeur d'anthropologie à l'université de Toronto. Membre de l'Académie royale du Canada, elle a écrit plusieurs ouvrages primés, dont Land's end : Capitalist relations on an indigenous frontier (Duke University Press, 2014) et de nombreux articles sur la terre, le travail, les classes sociales, le capitalisme, le développement, les ressources et l'autochtonie, avec un accent particulier sur l'Indonésie.

Economic policy.

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"In Plantation Life Tania Murray Li and Pujo Semedi examine the structure and governance of contemporary palm oil plantations in Indonesia, which supply fifty percent of the world's palm oil. They attend to the exploitative nature of plantation life, wherein villagers' wellbeing is sacrificed in the name of economic development. While plantations are often plagued by ruined ecologies, injury among workers, and a devastating loss of livelihoods for former landholders, small-scale independent farmers produce palm oil more efficiently with far less damage to life and land. Li and Semedi theorize "corporate occupation" to underscore how massive forms of capitalist production and control over the palm oil industry replicate colonial-style relations that undermine citizenship. In so doing, they question the assumption that corporations are necessary for rural development, contending that the dominance of plantations stems from a political system that privileges corporations"--

Farms, Small --- HISTORY / Asia / Southeast Asia. --- Palm oil industry --- Plantation workers --- Rural development --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural & Social. --- Sustainable development --- Government policy --- Environmental aspects --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- Vegetable oil industry --- Small farms --- Small holdings (Agriculture) --- Small-scale agriculture --- Farms, Size of --- Family farms --- Agricultural laborers --- #SBIB:39A4 --- #SBIB:39A75 --- Toegepaste antropologie --- Etnografie: Azië

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Questions of who can access land and who is excluded from it underlie many recent social and political conflicts in Southeast Asia. Powers of Exclusion examines the key processes through which shifts in land relations are taking place, notably state land allocation and provision of property rights, the dramatic expansion of areas zoned for conservation, booms in the production of export-oriented crops, the conversion of farmland to post-agrarian uses, "intimate" exclusions involving kin and co-villagers, and mobilizations around land framed in terms of identity and belonging. In case studies drawn from seven countries, the authors find that four "powers of exclusion"-regulation, the market, force, and legitimation-have combined to shape land relations in new and often surprising ways. Land debates are often presented as a conflict between market-oriented land use with full private property rights on the one side, and equitable access, production for subsistence, and respect for custom on the other. The authors step back from these debates to point out that any productive use of land requires the exclusion of some potential users, and that most projects for transforming land relations are thus accompanied by painful dilemmas. Rather than counterposing "exclusion" to "inclusion," the book argues that attention must be paid to who is excluded, how, why, and with what consequences.

Land reform --- Land use, Rural --- Land tenure --- Agriculture and state --- Réforme agraire --- Utilisation agricole du sol --- Propriété foncière --- Politique agricole --- #SBIB:39A73 --- #SBIB:39A4 --- Agrarian question --- Agricultural policy --- Agriculture --- State and agriculture --- Economic policy --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Rural land use --- Land use --- Agrarian reform --- Social policy --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Toegepaste antropologie --- Government policy --- Réforme agraire --- Propriété foncière --- Land reform - Southeast Asia --- Land use, Rural - Southeast Asia --- Land tenure - Southeast Asia --- Agriculture and state - Southeast Asia