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In all organs of the body proteases have critical roles to play both in normal development and functioning and in disease states. The brain is no exception to this, with proteases having emerging roles in synaptic plasticity, memory, neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and prion diseases, ischemia and traumatic brain injury, inflammatory and infectious diseases, and tumour progression. Proteases in the Brain brings together a wide range of topics under this central theme and highlights the large number of proteases involved in these normal and disease processes. Proteases in the Brain reviews the role and regulation of proteases in Alzheimer’s disease brain ischemia and traumatic brain injury human glioma inflammatory and infectious diseases of the central nervous system metabolism of the prion protein modulating synaptic activity multiple sclerosis neuronal plasticity and memory consolidation Parkinson’s disease processing, conversion and inactivation of neuropeptides. Proteases in the Brain is a timely and useful source of information both for those well versed in the role of proteases in the brain and for those who are beginning to realize the important role of this family of enzymes in brain function and dysfunction.

Brain --- Proteinase. --- Brain chemistry. --- Pathophysiology. --- Neurochemistry --- Proteolytic enzymes --- Cerebrum --- Mind --- Central nervous system --- Head --- Analysis and chemistry --- Biochemistry. --- Neurosciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Composition

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This, the fifth volume in the Proteases in Biology and Disease series, is devoted to Proteases in Gastrointestinal Tissues. Of course, proteases play an important role in the digestion and utilization of ingested proteins, but besides that they elicit a wide range of physiological and pathological effects. Proteases have been recognized as essential regulators, acting both locally and systemically, of normal development, growth and functioning. Dysregulation of protease expression and/or enzymatic activity is often associated with the onset or progression of disease and, thus, proteases represent interesting targets for the pharmacological therapy of e. g. cancer, chronic inflammation, graft rejection, fibrosis, diabetes, vascular disease, and viral or bacterial infections. In addition, changes in the localization, abundance or activity of proteases may serve as informative diagnostic or prognostic markers. This volume focuses on stomach, gut, pancreas, and liver and highlights the role of proteases in normal physiology and disease processes involving these tissues. The first chapter by Nigel W. Bunnett and Graeme S. Cottrell reviews the current knowledge about the protease-activated receptors (PARs) in gastrointestinal tissues. Starting with the mechanisms of activation, signal transduction, and regulation of PAR, their role in controlling gastrointestinal functions and the possible involvement in gastrointestinal diseases are summarized. In Chapter 2, Nikhil I. Khushalani and Nithya Ramnath review the role of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their natural inhibitors, TIMPs, in different types of gastric cancer.

Proteinase. --- Gastrointestinal system --- Pathophysiology. --- Gastro-intestinal system --- Gastrointestinal tract --- GI tract --- Tract, Gastrointestinal --- Tract, GI --- Alimentary canal --- Digestive organs --- Proteolytic enzymes --- Gastroenterology. --- Medicine. --- Clinical medicine. --- Oncology. --- Internal medicine. --- Toxicology. --- Biomedicine general. --- Hepatology. --- Cancer Research. --- Internal Medicine. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Medicine, Internal --- Tumors --- Medicine, Clinical --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Internal medicine --- Toxicology --- Diseases --- Gastroenterology . --- Cancer research. --- Pharmacology. --- Biomedicine, general. --- Health Workforce --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Cancer research --- Gastroenterology --- Physiological effect

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The 8th volume in the Proteases in Biology and Disease series focuses on the role of proteases in virus function and their potential as anti-viral targets. Viral infections are still difficult to threat and some remained life-threatening diseases in spite of antiviral drug research over decades. Proteases are still regarded as an Achilles’ heel of the pathogens and, thus, protease inhibitors may help to handle the known and the emerging viral threads. The book discusses viral proteases of the most important pathogenic viruses, responsible for severe diseases: AIDS, SARS, Hepatitis, Cytomegalovirus, T-cell lymphotropic virus, Picornavirus. This book focuses specifically on the viral proteases, crucial prerequisites for viral entry into cells and viral replication. Viral proteases represent an important pharmaceutical target. The current stage of protease inhibitor development and therapy are summarised and discussed by experts in the field. This volume represents a timely and valuable continuation of the Proteases in Biology and Disease series. The reader will learn the potential for proteases as targets for effective anti-virals. This book will be a valuable source of information on viral proteases and provoke further research in this important field.

Virus inhibitors. --- Virus inhibitors --- Peptide Hydrolases --- Antiviral Agents --- Protease Inhibitors --- Viruses --- Organisms --- Anti-Infective Agents --- Hydrolases --- Enzyme Inhibitors --- Therapeutic Uses --- Enzymes --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Enzymes and Coenzymes --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Protease inhibitors. --- Proteolytic enzymes. --- Peptide hydrolases --- Proteases --- Proteolytic enzyme inhibitors --- Proteolytic enzymes --- Inhibitors --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Virology. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Infectious diseases. --- Biomedicine. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Biomedicine general. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Microbiology --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Chemistry --- Enzyme inhibitors --- Microbiology. --- Medical virology. --- Biochemistry. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Composition --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.

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General biochemistry --- Neuropathology --- protease --- neurologie --- biochemie

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Human biochemistry --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Oncology. Neoplasms --- Gastroenterology --- protease --- medische biochemie --- farmacologie --- biochemie --- geneeskunde --- toxicologie --- oncologie --- gastro-enterologie --- leverziekten