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Founded in 2007 to fund basic research, the European Research Council (ERC) has become the most revered instrument in European science policy and one of the world s most important focal points for the funding of scientific research. Its grants are much sought-after by researchers and scholars and it is widely considered to have had a major impact on research communities and institutions across Europe. How did this remarkable organization, the creation of which was widely regarded as a miracle , come into being, what has it achieved and how is it likely to adapt in the face of current and future challenges? This book is the first comprehensive history of the creation and development of the ERC. Drawing on first-hand knowledge, Thomas Konig gives a detailed account of how a group of strong-minded European scientists succeeded in creating the ERC by pushing for a single goal: more money for scientific research with fewer strings attached. But he also shows how this campaign would have failed had it not been taken up by skilful officials of the European Commission, who recognized the ERC as a way to gain more influence in shaping European science policy. Once established, the ERC developed a carefully crafted self-image that emphasized its reliance on peer review and its differences from all other EU research programmes.

Research --- Political aspects --- European Research Council --- #SBIB:327.7H231 --- #SBIB:35H433 --- #SBIB:316.334.1O211 --- Europese Unie: sociaal-economisch beleid, landbouw-, milieu-, cultuur- en communicatiebeleid --- Beleidssectoren: onderwijs- en onderzoeksbeleid --- Onderwijsbeleid: internationaal --- Research - European Union countries --- Research - Political aspects - Europe

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Austria was among the first countries after WWII where the Fulbright Program was set up. In October 1950, a Fulbright Commission convened for the first time in Vienna to arrange for the annual exchange of about 100 scholars and scientists, and students, between the US and Austria. This book describes the conditions of when the program was operationalized within the Austrian academic landscape and analyses the impact of academic exchange in its early period, up until 1964.

Educational exchanges.

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Austria was among the first countries after WWII where the Fulbright Program was set up. In October 1950, a Fulbright Commission convened for the first time in Vienna to arrange for the annual exchange of about 100 scholars and scientists, and students, between the US and Austria. This book describes the conditions of when the program was operationalized within the Austrian academic landscape and analyses the impact of academic exchange in its early period, up until 1964.

Educational exchanges.

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This new volume presents a wealth of fresh data documenting and analyzing the different positions taken by governments in the development of the European Constitution. It examines how such decisions have substantial effects on the sovereignty of nation states and on the lives of citizens, independent of the ratification of a constitution. Few efforts have been made to document constitution building in a systematic and comparative manner, including the different steps and stages of this process. This book examines European Constitution-building by tracing the two-level policy formation process from the draft proposal of the European Convention until the Intergovernmental Conference, which finally adopted the document on the Constitution in June 2004. Following a tight comparative framework, it sheds light on reactions to the proposed constitution in the domestic arena of all the actors involved. It includes a chapter on each of the original ten member states and the fifteen accession states, plus key chapters on the European Commission and European Parliament. This book will be of strong interest to scholars and researchers of European Union politics, comparative politics, and policy-making.

Political science.

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