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Several Member States of the European Union have concluded treaties and conventions with Third States dealing with questions of succession law in cross-border matters. Some of these treaties originate from the beginning of the 20th century and are outdated. The European legislator however cannot supersede these treaties and conventions unilaterally with its regulations, in fact they enjoy priority over the European Succession Regulation. The harmonising effect of European private international law is hence endangered, the more so, as these treaties and conventions often cover large groups of third state nationals in the respective Member State.00This book analyses the background, scope and practical impact of bilateral treaties and multilateral conventions concluded by selected Member States of the European Union with Third States, both from the European and the Third State perspective. It evaluates the impact of these treaties and conventions on the functioning of the European Succession Regulation and the possibilities to facilitate the interplay between these instruments and European private international law.

Conflict of laws --- European Parliament. --- European Union countries --- Foreign relations --- Treaties --- Conflict of laws. --- European Union countries. --- Treaties. --- Conflict of laws - European Union countries --- European Union countries - Foreign relations - Treaties

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Islam --- Family law. Inheritance law --- Germany

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Vor den deutschen Zivilgerichten klagen zunehmend Spieler, die vor der weiteren Liberalisierung des Glücksspielrechts im Jahr 2021 an Glücksspielen im Internet teilgenommen haben. Sie fordern von Unternehmen, die solche Glücksspiele anbieten, die Rückzahlung geleisteter Spieleinsätze. Diese so genannten "Spielerklagen" waren bisher unterschiedlich erfolgreich. Die deutschen Gerichte sind sich zwar weitgehend einig, dass die Spielverträge wegen Verstoßes gegen die bisherigen Glücksspielstaatsverträge nach § 134 BGB unwirksam sind, obwohl die Glücksspielaufsicht bewusst das bisherige Glücksspielverbot im Internet nicht durchgesetzt hat. Vielmehr hat die staatliche Aufsicht Verstöße der Unternehmen geduldet, wenn sich die Unternehmen an bestimmte Vorgaben der Behörden halten, um zu verhindern, dass Spieler auf ein gänzlich unreguliertes Angebot ausweichen. Uneinigkeit besteht aber, ob etwaige bereicherungsrechtliche Ansprüche nach § 817 Satz 2 BGB gesperrt sind. Dagegen haben die Gerichte deliktische Schadensersatzansprüche der Spieler bisher nur vereinzelt bejaht. Auch die Verjährung etwaiger Ansprüche wirft Fragen auf. Zu diesen privatrechtlichen Aspekten der Spielerklagen, die bisher noch nicht umfassend diskutiert wurden, nehmen die Beiträge dieses Bandes Stellung.

Law / Civil Law --- Law / Bankruptcy & Insolvency --- Law / Arbitration, Negotiation, Mediation --- Law --- Glücksspiel

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The Legal Status of Intersex Persons provides a basis for discussion regarding all legal aspects concerning persons born with sex characteristics that do not belong strictly to male or female categories, or that belong to both at the same time. It contains contributions from medical, psychological and theological perspectives, as well as national legal perspectives from Germany, Australia, India, the Netherlands, Columbia, Sweden, France and the USA. It explores international human rights aspects of intersex legal recognition and also features chapters on private international law and legal history. The book is a timely one. Until very recently, the legal gender of a person - both at birth and later in life - in virtually all jurisdictions had to be recorded as either male or female; the laws simply did not allow any other option, and, in many cases, changing the recorded gender was difficult or impossible. However, there are many cases where this gender binary is unable to capture the reality of a person's physical presentation and/or perception of self. Consequently, this gender binary is increasingly being challenged and several jurisdictions have begun to reform their gender status laws. For example, in 2013 Germany became the first Western jurisdiction in modern times to introduce legislation allowing a person's gender to be recorded as 'indeterminate' at birth and thus give them a legal gender status other than male or female for all intents and purposes. However, this legislation has proved problematic in many ways and rightly was subject to pertinent criticism. In 2017 the German Constitutional Court then held that these rules were in violation of the German constitution as they only allowed a non-recognition, as opposed to a positive recognition of a gender other than male or female, and mandated law reform. Similarly, the Austria Constitutional Court held in June 2018 that current civil status laws had to be interpreted to allow registration of alternative gender identities. Therefore two European jurisdictions will now have legal gender recognition beyond the binary. This book looks at law reform taking place around the world, with diverse perspectives from relevant fields, to provide the reader with a comprehensive analysis of the legal status of intersex persons and related issues.

664.4 Seksualiteit --- Intersex people --- Intersexuality. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Intersexuality --- Legal status, laws, etc --- Comparative law. --- Intersexués --- Droit comparé --- Droit --- Sexual minorities --- Minorités sexuelles --- Law and legislation --- Law and legislation. --- Hermaphrodites (Persons) --- Hermaphroditic people --- Inter* individuals --- Intersex-identified people --- Intersexed people --- Intersexual people --- Intersexuals (Persons) --- Persons --- Intersex people - Legal status, laws, etc --- Allemagne --- Australie --- Colombie --- Etats-Unis --- France --- Inde --- Pays-Bas --- Suède --- Status of persons