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"The invention of mass marketing led to cigarettes being emblazoned in advertising and film, deeply tied to modern notions of glamour and sex appeal. It is hard to find a photo of Humphrey Bogart or Lauren Bacall without a cigarette. No product has been so heavily promoted or has become so deeply entrenched in American consciousness. And no product has received such sustained scientific scrutiny. The development of new medical knowledge demonstrating the dire harms of smoking ultimately shaped the evolution of evidence-based medicine. In response, the tobacco industry engineered a campaign of scientific disinformation seeking to delay, disrupt, and suppress these studies. Using a massive archive of previously secret documents, historian Allan Brandt shows how the industry pioneered these campaigns, particularly using special interest lobbying and largesse to elude regulation. But even as the cultural dominance of the cigarette has waned and consumption has fallen dramatically in the U.S., Big Tobacco remains securely positioned to expand into new global markets. The implications for the future are vast: 100 million people died of smoking-related diseases in the 20th century; in the next 100 years, we expect 1 billion deaths worldwide"-- An exposé of the tobacco industry discusses the cultural, political, scientific, and legal aspects of cigarette smoking in modern America.

Smoking --- Tobacco industry --- History, 20th Century --- Tobacco Industry --- Tobacco Smoke Pollution --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Tobacco manufacture and trade --- Tobacco products industry --- Plant products industry --- Cigarette habit --- Cigarette smoking --- Tobacco smoking --- Tobacco use --- Health aspects --- History --- adverse effects --- history --- United States. --- Tabac --- Tabagisme --- Fumée du tabac --- Trouble lié au tabagisme. --- ethics --- Health aspects. --- Industrie et commerce --- Cancérogénicité. --- Effets physiologiques. --- Verenigde Staten. --- History, 20th Century. --- Roken. --- Sigaretten. --- Smoking. --- Tabaksindustrie. --- Tobacco industry. --- Adverse effects. --- History. --- Ethics. --- 1900 - 1999. --- Tobaksindustri --- Tobaksrökning --- Historia --- Hälsoaspekter.

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Sociology of health --- Health behavior --- Health attitudes. --- Habitudes sanitaires --- Attitudes à l'égard de la santé --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Aspect moral --- #SBIB:316.334.3M30 --- #SBIB:316.7C140 --- Medische sociologie: gezondheidsgedrag --- Cultuursociologie: cultuur en globale samenlevingen --- Medische psychologie --- gezondheidspsychologie --- gezondheidspsychologie. --- Attitudes à l'égard de la santé --- Health attitudes --- Behavior, Health --- Health habits --- Health --- Hygiene --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Public opinion --- Diseases --- Habit --- Human behavior --- Medicine and psychology --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Causes and theories of causation

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All investigators funded by the National Institutes of Health are now required to receive training about the ethics of clinical research. Based on a course taught by the editors at NIH, Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research is the first book designed to help investigators meet this new requirement. The book begins with the history of human subjects research and guidelines instituted since World War II. It then covers various stages and components of the clinical trial process: designing the trial, recruiting participants, ensuring informed consent, studying special populations, and conducting international research. Concluding chapters address conflicts of interest, scientific misconduct, and challenges to the IRB system. The appendix provides sample informed consent forms. This book will be used in undergraduate courses on research ethics and in schools of medicine and public health by students who are or will be carrying out clinical research. Professionals in need of such training and bioethicists also will be interested.

Human experimentation in medicine --- Clinical trials --- Medical ethics --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Medical ethics. --- Ethics, Research. --- Research Subjects. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Controlled clinical trials --- Patient trials of new treatments --- Randomized clinical trials --- Trials, Clinical --- Clinical medicine --- Research --- Human experimentation in medicine - Moral and ethical aspects --- Clinical trials - Moral and ethical aspects