TY - BOOK ID - 7987707 TI - Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza AU - Compans, Richard W. AU - Orenstein, Walter A. PY - 2009 SN - 3642242405 3540921648 9786612361364 1282361368 3540921656 PB - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer, DB - UniCat KW - Disease Outbreaks. KW - Influenza vaccines. KW - Influenza Vaccines -- therapeutic use. KW - Influenza, Human. KW - Influenzavirus A. KW - Influenza Vaccines KW - Influenzavirus A KW - Influenza, Human KW - Disease Outbreaks KW - Orthomyxoviridae KW - Viral Vaccines KW - Public Health KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections KW - Respiratory Tract Infections KW - Environment and Public Health KW - RNA Viruses KW - Vaccines KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases KW - RNA Virus Infections KW - Diseases KW - Biological Products KW - Virus Diseases KW - Viruses KW - Health Care KW - Vertebrate Viruses KW - Complex Mixtures KW - Organisms KW - Chemicals and Drugs KW - Microbiology & Immunology KW - Biology KW - Health & Biological Sciences KW - Viral vaccines. KW - Virus vaccines KW - Influenza virus vaccines KW - Medicine. KW - Immunology. KW - Pharmacology. KW - Virology. KW - Public health. KW - Biomedicine. KW - Pharmacology/Toxicology. KW - Public Health. KW - Community health KW - Health services KW - Hygiene, Public KW - Hygiene, Social KW - Public health services KW - Public hygiene KW - Sanitary affairs KW - Social hygiene KW - Health KW - Human services KW - Biosecurity KW - Health literacy KW - Medicine, Preventive KW - National health services KW - Sanitation KW - Microbiology KW - Drug effects KW - Medical pharmacology KW - Medical sciences KW - Chemicals KW - Chemotherapy KW - Drugs KW - Pharmacy KW - Immunobiology KW - Life sciences KW - Serology KW - Clinical sciences KW - Medical profession KW - Human biology KW - Pathology KW - Physicians KW - Physiological effect KW - Viral vaccines KW - Medical virology. KW - Toxicology. KW - Medicine KW - Pharmacology KW - Poisoning KW - Poisons KW - Medical microbiology KW - Virology KW - Virus diseases KW - Toxicology UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:7987707 AB - Recent years have seen unprecedented outbreaks of avian influenza A viruses. In particular, highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses have not only resulted in widespread outbreaks in domestic poultry, but have been transmitted to humans resulting in numerous fatalities. The rapid expansion in their geographic distribution and the possibility that these viruses could acquire the ability to spread from person to person raise the risk that such a virus could cause a global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. An effective influenza vaccine represents the best approach to prevent and control such an emerging pandemic. However, current influenza vaccines are directed at existing seasonal influenza viruses, which have limited antigenic relationships to the highly pathogenic H5N1 strains. Concerns about pandemic preparedness have greatly stimulated research activities to develop effective vaccines for pandemic influenza viruses, and to overcome the limitations inherent in current approaches to vaccine production and distribution. These limitations include the use of embryonated chicken eggs as the substrate for vaccine production; which is time-consuming and could involve potential biohazards in growth of new virus strains. Other limitations include the requirement that the current inactivated influenza vaccines be administered using needles and syringes, requiring trained personnel, which could be a bottleneck when attempting to vaccinate large populations in mass campaigns. In addition, the current inactivated vaccines which are delivered by injection elicit limited protective immunity in the upper respiratory tract where the infection process is initiated. Most of these limitations of the current vaccines are being addressed by research on novel approaches to vaccine development and delivery that are described in many of the chapters in this volume. ER -