TY - BOOK ID - 78138896 TI - Behind Closed Doors : IRBs and the Making of Ethical Research PY - 2011 SN - 1283344793 9786613344793 0226770885 9780226770888 9781283344791 0226770869 0226770877 9780226770864 9780226770871 PB - Chicago : University of Chicago Press, DB - UniCat KW - Institutional review boards (Medicine) KW - Human experimentation in medicine KW - Medical ethics KW - Research KW - Science KW - Science research KW - Scientific research KW - Information services KW - Learning and scholarship KW - Methodology KW - Research teams KW - Biomedical ethics KW - Clinical ethics KW - Ethics, Medical KW - Health care ethics KW - Medical care KW - Medicine KW - Bioethics KW - Professional ethics KW - Nursing ethics KW - Social medicine KW - Experimentation on humans, Medical KW - Medical experimentation on humans KW - Medicine, Experimental KW - Clinical trials KW - Boards, Institutional review (Medicine) KW - IRBs (Medicine) KW - Medical institutional review boards KW - Review boards, Institutional (Medicine) KW - Medical ethics committees KW - History. KW - Government policy KW - History KW - Moral and ethical aspects KW - Evaluation KW - ethics, ethical, moral, research, academic, scholarly, irb, institutional review board, academia, university, college, higher ed, graduate school, phd, researcher, professor, debate, controversy, mechanics, behind the scenes, observation, human, participant, study, studies, wwii, postwar, history, historical, united states, archival, science, scientist, administration, administrator, consent. UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:78138896 AB - Although the subject of federally mandated Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) has been extensively debated, we actually do not know much about what takes place when they convene. The story of how IRBs work today is a story about their past as well as their present, and Behind Closed Doors is the first book to meld firsthand observations of IRB meetings with the history of how rules for the treatment of human subjects were formalized in the United States in the decades after World War II. Drawing on extensive archival sources, Laura Stark reconstructs the daily lives of scientists, lawyers, administrators, and research subjects working-and "warring"-on the campus of the National Institutes of Health, where they first wrote the rules for the treatment of human subjects. Stark argues that the model of group deliberation that gradually crystallized during this period reflected contemporary legal and medical conceptions of what it meant to be human, what political rights human subjects deserved, and which stakeholders were best suited to decide. She then explains how the historical contingencies that shaped rules for the treatment of human subjects in the postwar era guide decision making today-within hospitals, universities, health departments, and other institutions in the United States and across the globe. Meticulously researched and gracefully argued, Behind Closed Doors will be essential reading for sociologists and historians of science and medicine, as well as policy makers and IRB administrators. ER -