TY - BOOK ID - 78070443 TI - The polythink syndrome : U.S. foreign policy decisions on 9/11, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Syria, and ISIS AU - Mintz, Alex AU - Wayne, Carly PY - 2016 SN - 0804796777 9780804796774 9780804795159 0804795150 9780804796767 0804796769 PB - Stanford, California: Stanford university press, DB - UniCat KW - National security KW - Group decision making KW - Collective decision making KW - Decision-making, Group KW - Decision making KW - National security policy KW - NSP (National security policy) KW - Security policy, National KW - Economic policy KW - International relations KW - Military policy KW - Government policy KW - United States KW - ABŞ KW - ABSh KW - Ameerika Ühendriigid KW - America (Republic) KW - Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary KW - Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları KW - Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları KW - Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw KW - Amerika Qūrama Shtattary KW - Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari KW - Amerika Qushma Shtattary KW - Amerika (Republic) KW - Amerikai Egyesült Államok KW - Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė KW - Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem KW - Amerikas Forenede Stater KW - Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner KW - Ameriketako Estatu Batuak KW - Amirika Carékat KW - AQSh KW - Ar. ha-B. KW - Arhab KW - Artsot ha-Berit KW - Artzois Ha'bris KW - Bí-kok KW - Ē.P.A. KW - EE.UU. KW - Egyesült Államok KW - ĒPA KW - Estados Unidos KW - Estados Unidos da América do Norte KW - Estados Unidos de América KW - Estaos Xuníos KW - Estaos Xuníos d'América KW - Estatos Unitos KW - Estatos Unitos d'America KW - Estats Units d'Amèrica KW - Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica KW - États-Unis d'Amérique KW - Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn KW - Feriene Steaten KW - Feriene Steaten fan Amearika KW - Forente stater KW - FS KW - Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs KW - Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs KW - Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ KW - Istadus Unidus KW - Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės KW - Mei guo KW - Mei-kuo KW - Meiguo KW - Mî-koet KW - Miatsʻyal Nahangner KW - Miguk KW - Na Stàitean Aonaichte KW - NSA KW - S.U.A. KW - SAD KW - Saharat ʻAmērikā KW - SASht KW - Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty KW - Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty KW - Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty KW - Sjedinjene Američke Države KW - Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki KW - Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki KW - Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki KW - Spojené staty americké KW - SShA KW - Stadoù-Unanet Amerika KW - Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá KW - Stany Zjednoczone KW - Stati Uniti KW - Stati Uniti d'America KW - Stâts Unîts KW - Stâts Unîts di Americhe KW - Steatyn Unnaneysit KW - Steatyn Unnaneysit America KW - SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) KW - Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati KW - Sŭedinenite shtati KW - Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua KW - U.S. KW - U.S.A. KW - United States of America KW - Unol Daleithiau KW - Unol Daleithiau America KW - Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko KW - US KW - USA KW - Usono KW - Vaeinigte Staatn KW - Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika KW - Vereinigte Staaten KW - Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika KW - Verenigde State van Amerika KW - Verenigde Staten KW - VS KW - VSA KW - Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí KW - Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah KW - Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah KW - Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah KW - Yhdysvallat KW - Yunaeted Stet KW - Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika KW - ZDA KW - Združene države Amerike KW - Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky KW - Zjadnośone staty Ameriki KW - Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki KW - Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy KW - ZSA KW - Η.Π.Α. KW - Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής KW - Америка (Republic) KW - Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ KW - Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем KW - САЩ KW - Съединените щати KW - Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі KW - ولايات المتحدة KW - ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة KW - ولايات المتحدة الامريكية KW - 미국 KW - Foreign relations KW - Spojené obce severoamerické KW - États-Unis KW - É.-U. KW - ÉU KW - National security - United States - Decision making - Case studies KW - Group decision making - United States - Case studies KW - United States - Foreign relations - 2001-2009 - Decision making - Case studies KW - United States - Foreign relations - 2009- - Decision making - Case studies UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:78070443 AB - Why do presidents and their advisors often make sub-optimal decisions on military intervention, escalation, de-escalation, and termination of conflicts? The leading concept of group dynamics, groupthink, offers one explanation: policy-making groups make sub-optimal decisions due to their desire for conformity and uniformity over dissent, leading to a failure to consider other relevant possibilities. But presidential advisory groups are often fragmented and divisive. This book therefore scrutinizes polythink, a group decision-making dynamic whereby different members in a decision-making unit espouse a plurality of opinions and divergent policy prescriptions, resulting in a disjointed decision-making process or even decision paralysis. The book analyzes eleven national security decisions, including the national security policy designed prior to the terrorist attacks of 9/11, the decisions to enter into and withdraw from Afghanistan and Iraq, the 2007 "surge" decision, the crisis over the Iranian nuclear program, the UN Security Council decision on the Syrian Civil War, the faltering Kerry Peace Process in the Middle East, and the U.S. decision on military operations against ISIS. Based on the analysis of these case studies, the authors address implications of the polythink phenomenon, including prescriptions for avoiding and/or overcoming it, and develop strategies and tools for what they call Productive Polythink. The authors also show the applicability of polythink to business, industry, and everyday decisions. ER -