TY - BOOK ID - 74984453 TI - Due diligence obligations in international human rights law PY - 2021 SN - 9781108841733 9781108894784 9781108795265 PB - Cambridge Cambridge University Press DB - UniCat KW - International law and human rights. KW - Liability for human rights violations. KW - International law and human rights KW - Droit international et droits de l'homme KW - Liability for human rights violations KW - Responsabilité pour violation des droits de l'homme KW - Droits de l'homme (droit international) KW - Violation des droits de l'homme KW - Responsabilité. KW - Responsabilité. UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:74984453 AB - "There has been much debate in recent years about the role of non-state actors in international law. Whereas their presence is undisputedly acknowledged, their status and legal accountability remains unsettled. In many areas of public international law, harm is now significantly often caused by actors other than states.1 Terrorist groups threaten the territorial integrity of states; private security companies are involved in armed conflicts; individual hackers initiate cyber-attacks; and multinational corporations cause transboundary environmental harm or business-related human rights violations. Nonetheless, international treaties and customary international law still assign rights and duties almost exclusively to states. Outside of international criminal law, there are but few attempts to establish individual responsibility. On the other hand, state responsibility only arises if an international obligation is breached and that breach is attributable to a state whereas only the actions of state organs acting in their official capacity may implicate state responsibility and the conduct of private individuals usually does not. Such conduct may be attributed if private citizens act as so-called de facto organs or a state acknowledges their behavior as its own - which occurs rather rarely. The nature of state responsibility is inherently restorative with the primary objective to maintain or restore an equilibrium between equal and sovereign states"-- ER -