TY - BOOK ID - 5545323 TI - Substitute parents : biological and social perspective on alloparenting across human societies AU - Bentley, Gillian R. AU - Mace, Ruth. PY - 2009 SN - 9780857456410 0857456415 9780857456427 0857456423 1282628062 1845451066 1845459539 9786612628061 9781282628069 9781845459536 PB - New York : Berghahn Books, DB - UniCat KW - Parenting. KW - Rôle parental KW - Rôle parental KW - Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality KW - Ethnology. Cultural anthropology KW - Foster parents. KW - Child care. UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:5545323 AB - From a comparative perspective, human life histories are unique and raising offspring is unusually costly: humans have relatively short birth intervals compared to other apes, childhood is long, mothers care simultaneously for many dependent children (other apes raise one offspring at a time), infant mortality is high in natural fertility/mortality populations, and human females have a long post-reproductive lifespan. These features conspire to make child raising very burdensome. Mothers frequently defray these costs with paternal help (not usual in other ape species), although this contributi ER -