TY - BOOK ID - 314260 TI - Human rights in the web of governance : towards a learning-based fundamental rights policy for the European Union. AU - De Schutter, Olivier AU - Lax, Violeta Moreno PY - 2010 VL - 9 SN - 9782802728214 2802728210 PB - Bruxelles Bruylant DB - UniCat KW - Human rights KW - Administrative law KW - European law KW - European Union KW - Basic rights KW - Civil rights (International law) KW - Droits de l'homme KW - Droits de la personne KW - Droits fondamentaux KW - Droits individuels KW - Grondrechten KW - Libertés publiques KW - Mensenrechten KW - Rechten van de mens KW - Rights [Human ] KW - Rights of man KW - Civil rights KW - Droits de l'homme (Droit international) KW - BPB1104 KW - Union européenne KW - Europese unie KW - Droits de l'homme (droit européen) KW - Défense des droits de l'homme KW - Gouvernance KW - Droit européen et droit interne KW - Et les droits de l'homme KW - Cour européenne des droits de l'homme KW - Direitos humanos KW - Droits de l'Homme KW - Menschenrechte KW - Views on civil rights KW - Human rights advocacy KW - European Union countries KW - Droit européen et droit interne. KW - Europese Unie KW - Europska unija KW - União Europeia KW - Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση KW - Európska únia KW - Európai Unió KW - Europäische Union KW - Europos Sąjunga KW - Evropská unie KW - Европска унија KW - Unjoni Ewropea KW - Европейски съюз KW - Europeiska unionen KW - Euroopan unioni KW - Eiropas Savienība KW - Unión Europea KW - Evropska unija KW - Unia Europejska KW - Unione europea KW - Uniunea Europeană KW - Den Europæiske Union KW - Европска Унија KW - Euroopa Liit KW - an tAontas Eorpach KW - Bashkimi Europian KW - Sąjungos institucija KW - Sąjungos teisė KW - právo Únie KW - νόμος της Ένωσης KW - Savienības tiesības KW - wet van de Unie KW - legge dell'Unione KW - Europæisk Union KW - unionslagstiftning KW - atto dell'Unione KW - AE KW - loi de l'Union KW - EU KW - e drejta e Bashkimit KW - ЕУ KW - lege a Uniunii Europene KW - Union law KW - človekove pravice KW - derechos humanos KW - ľudské práva KW - prawa człowieka KW - ljudska prava KW - δικαιώματα του ανθρώπου KW - човешки права KW - human rights KW - inimõigused KW - cilvēktiesības KW - rechten van de mens KW - lidská práva KW - cearta an duine KW - ihmisoikeudet KW - direitos humanos KW - људска права KW - emberi jogok KW - menneskerettigheder KW - човекови права KW - drittijiet tal-bniedem KW - mänskliga rättigheter KW - žmogaus teisės KW - të drejtat e njeriut KW - diritti umani KW - drepturile omului KW - kršenje ljudskih prava KW - Verletzung der Menschenrechte KW - diritti fondamentali dell'uomo KW - Verteidigung der Menschenrechte KW - nezadatelná práva KW - ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα KW - nepromlčitelná práva KW - pasikėsinimas į žmogaus teises KW - фундаментални слободи и права на човекот и граѓанинот KW - zaštita ljudskih prava KW - porušování lidských práv KW - atentado a los derechos humanos KW - Schutz der Menschenrechte KW - mbrojtje e të drejtave të njeriut KW - krænkelse af menneskerettighederne KW - cilvēktiesību apdraudējums KW - παραβίαση των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου KW - violarea drepturilor omului KW - aantasting van de rechten van de mens KW - porušenie ľudských práv KW - Beeinträchtigung der Menschenrechte KW - mensenrechten KW - emberi jogok védelme KW - emberi jogok megsértése KW - kränkning av mänskliga rättigheter KW - atteinte aux droits de l'homme KW - útok na ľudské práva KW - ihmisoikeusloukkaus KW - προσβολή των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου KW - attack on human rights KW - protección de los derechos humanos KW - cilvēktiesību aizsardzība KW - bescherming van de rechten van de mens KW - salvaguardia dei diritti dell'uomo KW - proteção dos direitos humanos KW - tilsidesættelse af menneskerettighederne KW - ihmisoikeuksien suojelu KW - protezione dei diritti umani KW - Конвенција за заштита на човековите права и основните слободи KW - skydd av mänskliga rättigheter KW - violación de los derechos humanos KW - cilvēktiesību pārkāpums KW - ochrana ľudských práv KW - žmogaus teisių apsauga KW - ihmisoikeuksien uhkaaminen KW - prava čovjeka KW - derechos del hombre KW - rispetto dei diritti dell'uomo KW - schending van de rechten van de mens KW - inimõiguste kaitse KW - protecția drepturilor omului KW - shkelje e të drejtave të njeriut KW - violação dos direitos humanos KW - brott mot mänskliga rättigheter KW - beskyttelse af menneskerettigheder KW - ochrana lidských práv KW - inimõiguste ohustamine KW - violation des droits de l'homme KW - повреда на граѓанските права KW - cenim i të drejtave të njeriut KW - žmogaus teisių pažeidimas KW - cilvēka pamattiesības KW - граѓански слободи и права KW - προστασία των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου KW - ofensa aos direitos humanos KW - заштита на правата и слободите на граѓаните KW - кршење на човековите права KW - human rights violation KW - violazione dei diritti umani KW - protection of human rights KW - inimõiguste rikkumine KW - reato contro i diritti dell'uomo KW - protection des droits de l'homme KW - Et les droits de l'homme. KW - Civil rights - European Union countries KW - Human rights - European Union countries KW - Union européenne UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:314260 AB - The essays collected in this volume aim to provide the building-blocks of a learning-based understanding of the development of fundamental rights in the European Union. Instead of asking how much harmonization of fundamental rights is required at EU level or whether fundamental rights should rather be protected at domestic level, it acknowledges that even when it is desirable, harmonization may be in many cases politically unrealistic to achieve; that it may presume too much about our ability to identify how best to implement fundamental rights; and that the required legal bases may be missing. It also notes that we have currently no mechanism allowing us to identify, on a more or less systematic basis, the need for the Union to take action in this field. A learning-based understanding of the development of fundamental rights takes seriously these limitations which the fundamental rights policy of the EU is currently facing. This redefinition moves from substance to procedure: since there is uncertainty about how to improve the protection of fundamental rights (beyond the minimum requirement not to violate them), a fundamental rights policy should be about devising adequate mechanisms for the constant testing of the policies pursued in different settings, in order to arrive at a better understanding of how to best achieve their objectives. Reflexive governance, these essays argue, may represent one way of thinking about how to address this challenge. This hypothesis is tested in three policy areas: equality of treatment, data protection, and the establishment of an area of freedom, security and justice. The essays collected in this volume do not form a blueprint for the further improvement of the regime of fundamental rights protection in the EU. Rather, they identify a blindspot: the lack of a principled way of reconciling the protection of fundamental rights within each EU Member State, with the establishment between these States of an internal market and of an area of freedom, security and justice. And they explore the potential of non-judicial means of ensuring the protection and promotion of fundamental rights, particularly through techniques – mutual evaluation mechanisms, the use of indicators and benchmarks, and participatory processes – inspired by existing ‘open’ forms of coordination between the Member States. These techniques allow us to shift from the post hoc, reactive modes of protection of fundamental rights, to more ex ante, proactive methods of protection. Fundamental rights are a concern of the EU institutions since well over thirty years, and a number of tools, both legislative and judicial, have been deployed in order to ensure that the progress of European integration shall not lead to lower the level of protection of rights in the EU. It is time that fundamental rights become more than that, however – it is time that they become a policy. But such a fundamental rights policy for the EU must be respectful of the diversity of approaches within the EU, and it must acknowledge that, in many domains, we simply do not know how best to ensure the fulfilment of fundamental rights. It must therefore be conceived as a policy which encourages collective learning, and permanent re-evaluation of earlier choices in the light of new circumstances. It is in this direction that this volume seeks to move the debate. The Authors This volume has been edited by Olivier De Schutter and Violeta Moreno Lax, both from the Centre for Legal Philosophy (CPDR) at the University of Louvain (UCL). The contributors are Catherine Barnard (Cambridge), Olivier De Schutter (Louvain), Serge Gutwirth (Brussels), Rick Lawson (Leiden), Manfred Nowak (Wien), Yves Poullet (Namur), Veerle Van Den Eeckhout (Leiden), and Viktoria Wagner (Wien). ER -