TY - BOOK ID - 14307392 TI - South American and Antarctic Continental Cenozoic birds : paleobiogeographic affinities and disparities AU - Tambussi, Claudia P. AU - Degrange, Federico J. PY - 2013 SN - 9400754663 9400754671 1283944847 PB - Dordrecht : Springer, DB - UniCat KW - Birds -- Classification. KW - Birds -- Evolution -- Antarctica. KW - Birds -- Evolution -- South America. KW - Birds -- Evolution. KW - Birds, Fossil. KW - Birds, Fossil KW - Paleobiogeography KW - Paleontology KW - Birds KW - Geology KW - Earth & Environmental Sciences KW - Paleozoology KW - Evolution KW - Dispersal KW - Caenozoic Era KW - Cainozoic Era KW - Cenozoic Era KW - Aves KW - Avian fauna KW - Avifauna KW - Wild birds KW - Earth sciences. KW - Paleontology. KW - Evolutionary biology. KW - Earth Sciences. KW - Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography. KW - Evolutionary Biology. KW - Amniotes, Fossil KW - Vertebrates, Fossil KW - Amniotes KW - Vertebrates KW - Ornithology KW - Paleontology . KW - Evolution (Biology). KW - Animal evolution KW - Animals KW - Biological evolution KW - Darwinism KW - Evolutionary biology KW - Evolutionary science KW - Origin of species KW - Biology KW - Biological fitness KW - Homoplasy KW - Natural selection KW - Phylogeny KW - Fossilogy KW - Fossilology KW - Palaeontology KW - Paleontology, Zoological KW - Historical geology KW - Zoology KW - Fossils KW - Prehistoric animals in motion pictures KW - Plant systematics. KW - Plant taxonomy. KW - Botanical classification KW - Botanical systematics KW - Botanical taxonomy KW - Botany KW - Classification KW - Plant biosystematics KW - Plant classification KW - Plant systematics KW - Plant taxonomy KW - Systematic botany KW - Systematics (Botany) KW - Taxonomy, Plant KW - Plant taxonomists KW - Plants UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:14307392 AB - Modern birds (Neornithes) are represented by two big lineages, the Palaeognathae (Tinamiformes + Ratitae) and the Neognathae [Galloanserae + Neoaves (Metaves + Coronoaves)]. Both clades sum approximately 10,000 species of which 60% are Passeriformes (the most diverse clade of terrestrial vertebrates). A comparison between the past and the present reveals a complex and hallmarked evolutionary and biogeographic history which would have begun over 65 million years ago. For South America (SA) this includes: (1) the presence of taxa with uncertain affinities and the absence of Passeriformes during the Paleogene; (2) a progressive and accelerated increase of the species starting at the Neogene (Miocene); (3) important extinct lineages (e.g. Phorusrhacidae, Teratornithidae) that migrate to North America after the rising of the Panamá isthmus; (4) groups with major diversification in the Neogene that survives nowadays represented by scarce species endemic of SA (Cariamidae) or that inhabits mainly in the southern hemisphere (Anhingidae); (5) very diverse living groups with scarce (e.g., Passeriformes) or none (e.g., Apodiformes) fossil record in SA, which stem-groups are registered in Europe. Apparently, the changes in diversity of the south American Neornithes have been the result of successive radiation, biogeographic connections with North America and in a minor scale, some extinctions. The opening of the Drake´s passage and the occurrence of the circumpolar Antarctic flow are not sufficient causes to explain the highly disparity between the weddelians penguins (Sphenisciformes) of Antartica and those of the patagonian Atlantic Ocean. ER -