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Dissertation
Développement d'une imprimante 3D chocolat adaptée à la recherche et étude de l'impact du procédé d'impression 3D sur l'émission de composés organiques volatils du chocolat
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2023 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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L’impression 3D d’aliments est une nouvelle technologie qui permet de produire des aliments au design complexe et unique. Divers aliments ont déjà été produits par le processus d’impression 3D et cette technologie permettra à l’avenir de produire de nombreux autres aliments aux propriétés spécifiques. Cependant, la technologie d’impression alimentaire n’en est encore qu’à ses débuts et doit être optimisée pour pouvoir être utilisée comme procédé de fabrication. En fait, il n’existe pas encore de ligne de production alimentaire utilisant une technologie d’impression alimentaire 3D. Même si l’on constate que des imprimantes 3D ont déjà été commercialisées pour les particuliers, elles restent encore dans une perspective de prototypage à petite échelle et non dans le but d’une production de masse d’objets personnalisés. Il est donc d’un grand intérêt de développer des dispositifs et des prototypes d’imprimantes 3D alimentaires afin de les optimiser et de les automatiser. Dans ce travail, nous allons élaborer et présenter en détail le développement d’un prototype d’imprimante 3D basé sur l’extrusion en utilisant des matériaux disponibles dans le commerce et des composants open source.&#13;&#13;Le prototype d’imprimante 3D a été développé pour être utilisé dans le cadre d’expériences scientifiques et a donc été équipé de divers capteurs et outils spécifiques ; de nombreux capteurs de température et d’humidité ont été ajoutés ainsi qu’un capteur de nivellement et un refroidisseur afin de faciliter le processus d’impression 3D alimentaire tout en améliorant la qualité d’impression. Un enregistreur de données a été installé pour surveiller les températures d’impression, un paramètre crucial pour l’impression du chocolat. Le programme de l’imprimante ainsi que le préparateur du fichier d’impression ont été adaptés afin d’automatiser et faciliter l’impression: nivellement du plateau de façon précise, autotune du PID, arrêt d’impression automatique, étape d’essuyage de buse, de pré-extrusion et de stationnement hors zone d’impression ont été ajoutés à cet effet. Un refroidisseur a également été installé sur l’imprimante afin de contrer la diminution de la qualité d’impression lorsque les températures ambiantes augmentent, ainsi que pour accélérer la cristallisation du chocolat lors de l’impression de formes avec une plus grande inclinaison. Ce prototype optimisé permettra également d’augmenter la répétabilité du processus lors de l’impression de formes complexes, notamment celles imprimées en chocolat.&#13;&#13;Cette imprimante optimisée a ensuite été utilisée dans une première étude de cas pour analyser le profil aromatique de chocolats. Dans cette étude, des échantillons en chocolat sous forme de plaque, cylindres et un gyroïde ont été réalisés et les composés organiques volatils émis par les différents chocolats ont été collectés à l’aide de cartouches de prélèvement. Ces échantillons ont été analysés par GC-MS afin de tenter d’identifier les composés émis par le chocolat. L’analyse de l’émission de COVs de différents modèles de chocolats a permis de mettre en évidence l’impact du processus de fabrication des échantillons sur la qualité des produits.


Book
Application of natural products in SARS-CoV-2
Author:
ISBN: 0323950477 0323950485 9780323950480 9780323950473 Year: 2023 Publisher: London, England : Academic Press,

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"Application of Natural Products in SARS-CoV-2 examines the potential for natural products to treat COVID-19, bringing together the most recent research. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel disease H54 that is still being researched despite being globally prevalent. There are still few proven treatments, so repurposing existing drugs and treatments is essential. While there have been many articles published on the subject, this book is the first to bring together data and research on the topic. It includes information about molecular mechanism, dosage and safety profiles, and an essential resource for all scientists and researchers working to combat SARS-CoV-2."--


Book
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) : a clinical guide
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9781119789680 9781119789741 1119789745 1119789729 Year: 2023 Publisher: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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"The astounding speed and global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was unforeseen when the first cases of this illness were reported in December 2019 from Wuhan, China. By the end of January 2020, nearly 8000 cases had been reported globally from 19 countries and the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It soon became apparent this was not going to be a focal or controllable outbreak. In the 2 years that have followed, the world has truly been turned upside down with countless severe disruptions to life and economies worldwide. The challenges to the healthcare systems in high, middle, and low-income countries alike have been enormous. The strain on individuals and institutions has been dealt with by interventions of varying success. The mental and physical health of workers has been a prime focus in the global response to the pandemic. The scientific community has responded rapidly, if imperfectly at times, to death and disability imposed by SARS-CoV-2. Important and dramatic advances in care of critically ill inpatients have been made, primarily using potent anti-inflammatory interventions such as glucocorticoids and tocilizumab. Multiple effective vaccines have been developed with record speed using multiple different vaccine platforms, and have been disseminated globally. Much work still needs to be done combatting vaccine hesitancy worldwide and providing the vaccines in the developing world"--


Book
Northern exposure : COVID-19 and regional inequalities in health and wealth
Author:
ISBN: 1447369238 144736922X Year: 2023 Publisher: Bristol : Policy Press,

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EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Whilst the COVID-19 pandemic affected all parts of the country, it did not do so equally. Northern England was hit the hardest, exposing more than ever the extent of regional inequalities in health and wealth. Using original data analysis from a wide range of sources, this book demonstrates how COVID-19 has impacted the country unequally in terms of mortality, health care, mental health, and the economy. The book provides a striking empirical overview of the impact of the pandemic on regional inequalities and explores why the North fared worse. It sets out what needs to be learnt from the pandemic to prevent regional inequality growing and to reduce inequalities in health and wealth in the future.EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Whilst the COVID-19 pandemic affected all parts of the country, it did not do so equally. Northern England was hit the hardest, exposing more than ever the extent of regional inequalities in health and wealth. Using original data analysis from a wide range of sources, this book demonstrates how COVID-19 has impacted the country unequally in terms of mortality, health care, mental health, and the economy. The book provides a striking empirical overview of the impact of the pandemic on regional inequalities and explores why the North fared worse. It sets out what needs to be learnt from the pandemic to prevent regional inequality growing and to reduce inequalities in health and wealth in the future.


Book
COVID-19 Vaccines : Current State and Perspectives
Author:
ISBN: 1803553588 Year: 2023 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : IntechOpen,

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COVID-19 Vaccines - Current State and Perspectives provides the reader with the latest overview and opinions on the current state of the art in COVID-19 vaccines, as well as future prospects. The challenges covered include novel vaccine development for the emerging variants of concern (VOCs), vaccine side-effects with real-world examples, population hesitancy, and country experiences with COVID-19 vaccine development, clinical trialing and mass vaccination. Chapters discuss new opinions and directions on the repurposing of existing traditional vaccines with a wide spectrum of action and new platforms for fast-tracked vaccine production and approvals ...


Book
COVID-19 : Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 3036567410 3036567402 Year: 2023 Publisher: Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,

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On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue "COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives" and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic.


Book
COVID-19 and Other Pleiotropic Actions of Vitamin D : Proceedings from the 5th International Conference "Vitamin D-minimum, maximum, optimum"
Author:
ISBN: 3036569359 3036569340 Year: 2023 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,

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It is a great pleasure to provide you this Special Issue of Nutrients related to the 5th International Conference "Vitamin D-Minimum, Maximum, Optimum", under the auspices of the European Vitamin D Association (EVIDAS). The conference and the forthcoming papers serve as an international forum for the presentation and discussion of current basic and clinical research in the field of vitamin D. Organizing this subsequent Special Issue was truly challenging, given that vitamin D has recently been shown by prestigious medical journals to be an epiphenomenon that coincides with diseases, and that the correction of vitamin D deficits has limited clinical meaning. On the other hand, it was recognized that vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with potential negative consequences on health, welfare, and morbidity during growth and adulthood, therefore influencing healthcare services worldwide. Thus, due to mutually exclusive conclusions, it was essential to discuss and share scientific reports and evidence demonstrating both the benefits and lack thereof in relation to human health.


Book
Mental health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic
Author:
ISBN: 3036571949 3036571957 Year: 2023 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,

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The aim of the reprint was to provide readers with updated research findings on the psychological and psychiatric consequences of the pandemic. The wide scope of the reprint reflects the complexity of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. The focus of the studies ranges from the psychological consequences of social distancing and the closure of schools to the neurological consequences of the viral infection, and from the stressful impact of an increased workload on frontline health workers to the unmet needs of special populations such as pregnant women, veterans and patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Thanks to its richness in content and worldwide perspectives (contributors were from Canada, Croatia, Greece, India, Israel, Italy, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Spain, and the USA), the reprint is a valuable source of information to researchers and clinicians interested in the mental health implications of the COVID-19 pandemic.


Book
Current Topics in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 : Two Years After
Author:
ISBN: 180356234X 1803562331 Year: 2023 Publisher: London : IntechOpen,


Book
Preparing for the next global outbreak : a guide to planning from the schoolhouse to the White House
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9781421445755 Year: 2023 Publisher: Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press,

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"In the book the authors look at different aspects of preparedness through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lessons we've learned. Some of the lessons should be obvious by now, but are in danger of being forgotten or de-prioritized when the dust finally settles. Others relate not to technical capabilities that we need, or best practices for public health, but to societal issues that we didn't foresee and which have to be considered in any future outbreak planning. For instance, what does preparedness look like if the federal government takes a strong coordinating role, and what does it look like if states and cities are left largely to fend for themselves (even competing against each other for scarce resources); and how do we plan for a scenario in which the best public health guidance is met with not only skepticism, but outright hostility by a large swathe of the country? The book offers concrete and conceptual guidance, but in doing so also asks difficult questions"--

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