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Molybdenum (Mo) is a widely used trace metal for investigating redox conditions. However, unanswered questions remain that concentration and bulk isotopic analysis cannot specially answer. Improvements can be made by combining new geochemical techniques to traditional methods of Mo analysis. In this Element, we propose a refinement of Mo geochemistry within aquatic systems, ancient rocks, and modern sediments through molecular geochemistry (systematically combining concentration, isotope ratio, elemental mapping, and speciation analyses). Specifically, to intermediate sulfide concentrations governing Mo behavior below the 'switch-point' and dominant sequestration pathways in low oxygen conditions. The aim of this work is to 1) aid and improve the breadth of Mo paleoproxy interpretations by considering Mo speciation and 2) address outstanding research gaps concerning Mo systematics (cycling, partitioning, sequestration, etc.). The Mo paleoproxy has potential to solve ever complex research questions. By using molecular geochemical recommendations, improved Mo paleoproxy interpretations and reconstruction can be achieved.

Molybdenum --- Oxidation-reduction reaction. --- Geochemical cycles. --- Isotopes.

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Groundwater --- Aquifers --- Oxidation-reduction reaction --- Aquifers. --- Oxidation-reduction reaction. --- Quality --- Oxidation --- Mississippi River Valley.

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"Cancer: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Second Edition, covers the science of oxidative stress in cancer and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet or food matrix. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are described in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling, and receptor-mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and that oxidative stress is a single component. Other sections cover new organ site tumors-skin and liver cancer, the role of polymorphisms, cytochrome p450s, COX gene, fatty acids, apoptosis, T cells and mitochondria, prevention/protection with anthocyanins, esculetin, nanoparticles, and more. This book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, nutritionists and other members of the biomedical field who are interested in enhancing treatment outcome, improving the quality of life of patients, and developing new treatments in the fight against cancer"--

Oxidative stress. --- Antioxidants --- Cancer --- Therapeutic use. --- Nutritional aspects. --- Oxidation-reduction reaction --- Stress (Physiology)

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This thesis addresses the introduction of redox mediator into lithium-oxygen batteries to improve their electrochemical performance especially in terms of practical energy density and round-trip efficiency. In chapter 1, basic electrochemistry regarding lithium-oxygen batteries and redox mediators are introduced. In chapter 2 to 4, comprehensive researches including the discovery of a new redox mediator inspired by biological system, the investigation on kinetic property of redox mediator, and the prevention of shuttle phenomenon are introduced, followed by chapter 5 summarizing the contents. This thesis is targeted to students and researchers interested in electrochemistry and energy storage systems.

Materials science. --- Force and energy. --- Electrochemistry. --- Energy Materials. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Conservation of energy --- Correlation of forces --- Energy --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Lithium cells --- Oxidation-reduction reaction. --- Design and construction. --- Batteries, Lithium --- Cells, Lithium --- Electric batteries --- Electron transfer reaction --- Oxido-reduction --- Redox reaction --- Chemical reactions

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Oxidative stress. --- Oxidation-reduction reaction --- Stress (Physiology) --- Estrès oxidatiu --- Malalties --- Ciències de la salut --- Biomedicina --- Ciències biomèdiques --- Ciències mèdiques --- Ciències de la vida --- Fisiologia humana --- Microbiologia mèdica --- Neurociències --- Malaltia --- Medicina --- Discapacitat física --- Malalties cardiovasculars --- Malalties constitucionals --- Malalties de l'aparell digestiu --- Malalties de l'aparell genital --- Malalties de l'aparell respiratori --- Malalties de la pell --- Malalties del sistema nerviós --- Malalties dels animals --- Malalties hematològiques --- Malalties hereditàries --- Malalties de l'aparell locomotor --- Malalties d'origen nutricional --- Malalties iatrogèniques --- Malalties immunitàries --- Malalties otorrinolaringològiques --- Malalties rares --- Oftalmopaties --- Serveis d'urgències mèdiques --- Síndromes --- Trastorns de la nutrició --- Trastorns del metabolisme --- Epidemiologia --- Estrès (Fisiologia) --- Reacció d'oxidació-reducció