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Payments for environmental services are a nature conservation policy in which landowners receive financial compensation conditional on verified environmental service delivery. Contracts for payments for environmental services have been found to be effective in inducing conservation on private lands, but they may give rise to strong free-riding incentives when implemented on lands that are, de facto or de jure, commonly owned. This study implemented a randomized controlled trial in arid Burkina Faso to test the relative effectiveness of two collective payment for environmental services schemes in inducing forest conservation-a linear group payment scheme, in which group payments increase linearly with tree survival rates, and a threshold group payment scheme. The extant theory predicts that the latter incentive mechanism will (weakly) outperform the former. This paper develops a new theory that shows that the reverse may also hold-but only if the relationship between effort and tree survival rates is very uncertain. The findings show that threshold group payments increase intermediate measures of cooperation, but-consistent with Burkina Faso's harsh conditions rendering tree survival quite stochastic-actual survival rates are higher with the linear group payments. The paper presents field experimental evidence as well as lab experimental results to explore the mechanisms giving rise to these results.
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First published in 1993, "La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers" was revised in 1999. The present version is both an overhaul and an important update, taking into account the evolution of techniques for collecting and using measurements taken in forests and the growing need to understand new parameters, other than woody matter alone, with a view to improving the understanding of the forest ecosystem and the management of wooded areas. The book, one of the few in French, is designed as a reference manual on dendrometry, particularly for students who are so often conditioned to consult the Internet and use "ready-to-use" software. It is also intended for teachers, researchers and forest managers. It is deliberately built on the basis of a framework approaching the main subjects treated in a progressive manner, without sacrificing certain approaches that could be considered as belonging to the past but that could prove to be very useful for a better understanding of dendrometry and for sharing it with as many people as possible. The time is long gone when this forestry science was limited to "measuring trees" with the precise aim of knowing their volume. The book can be read at two speeds, one intended for an informed public, the other focusing more on learning./"La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers" was revised in 1999. The present version is both an overhaul and an important update, taking into account the evolution of techniques for collecting and using measurements taken in forests and the growing need to understand new parameters, other than woody matter alone, with a view to improving the understanding of the forest ecosystem and the management of wooded areas. The book, one of the few in French, is designed as a reference manual on dendrometry, particularly for students who are so often conditioned to consult the Internet and use "ready-to-use" software. It is also intended for teachers, researchers and forest managers. It is deliberately built on the basis of a framework approaching the main subjects treated in a progressive manner, without sacrificing certain approaches that could be considered as belonging to the past but that could prove to be very useful for a better understanding of dendrometry and for sharing it with as many people as possible. The time is long gone when this forestry science was limited to "measuring trees" with the precise aim of knowing their volume. The book can be read at two speeds, one intended for an informed public, the other focusing more on learning.
Sylviculture --- Forestry
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Forests and forestry --- Forests and forestry. --- Bosques --- Forests --- Forestry
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First published in 1993, "La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers" was revised in 1999. The present version is both an overhaul and an important update, taking into account the evolution of techniques for collecting and using measurements taken in forests and the growing need to understand new parameters, other than woody matter alone, with a view to improving the understanding of the forest ecosystem and the management of wooded areas. The book, one of the few in French, is designed as a reference manual on dendrometry, particularly for students who are so often conditioned to consult the Internet and use "ready-to-use" software. It is also intended for teachers, researchers and forest managers. It is deliberately built on the basis of a framework approaching the main subjects treated in a progressive manner, without sacrificing certain approaches that could be considered as belonging to the past but that could prove to be very useful for a better understanding of dendrometry and for sharing it with as many people as possible. The time is long gone when this forestry science was limited to "measuring trees" with the precise aim of knowing their volume. The book can be read at two speeds, one intended for an informed public, the other focusing more on learning./"La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers" was revised in 1999. The present version is both an overhaul and an important update, taking into account the evolution of techniques for collecting and using measurements taken in forests and the growing need to understand new parameters, other than woody matter alone, with a view to improving the understanding of the forest ecosystem and the management of wooded areas. The book, one of the few in French, is designed as a reference manual on dendrometry, particularly for students who are so often conditioned to consult the Internet and use "ready-to-use" software. It is also intended for teachers, researchers and forest managers. It is deliberately built on the basis of a framework approaching the main subjects treated in a progressive manner, without sacrificing certain approaches that could be considered as belonging to the past but that could prove to be very useful for a better understanding of dendrometry and for sharing it with as many people as possible. The time is long gone when this forestry science was limited to "measuring trees" with the precise aim of knowing their volume. The book can be read at two speeds, one intended for an informed public, the other focusing more on learning.
Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques --- Sylviculture --- Forestry
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First published in 1993, "La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers" was revised in 1999. The present version is both an overhaul and an important update, taking into account the evolution of techniques for collecting and using measurements taken in forests and the growing need to understand new parameters, other than woody matter alone, with a view to improving the understanding of the forest ecosystem and the management of wooded areas. The book, one of the few in French, is designed as a reference manual on dendrometry, particularly for students who are so often conditioned to consult the Internet and use "ready-to-use" software. It is also intended for teachers, researchers and forest managers. It is deliberately built on the basis of a framework approaching the main subjects treated in a progressive manner, without sacrificing certain approaches that could be considered as belonging to the past but that could prove to be very useful for a better understanding of dendrometry and for sharing it with as many people as possible. The time is long gone when this forestry science was limited to "measuring trees" with the precise aim of knowing their volume. The book can be read at two speeds, one intended for an informed public, the other focusing more on learning./"La mesure des arbres et des peuplements forestiers" was revised in 1999. The present version is both an overhaul and an important update, taking into account the evolution of techniques for collecting and using measurements taken in forests and the growing need to understand new parameters, other than woody matter alone, with a view to improving the understanding of the forest ecosystem and the management of wooded areas. The book, one of the few in French, is designed as a reference manual on dendrometry, particularly for students who are so often conditioned to consult the Internet and use "ready-to-use" software. It is also intended for teachers, researchers and forest managers. It is deliberately built on the basis of a framework approaching the main subjects treated in a progressive manner, without sacrificing certain approaches that could be considered as belonging to the past but that could prove to be very useful for a better understanding of dendrometry and for sharing it with as many people as possible. The time is long gone when this forestry science was limited to "measuring trees" with the precise aim of knowing their volume. The book can be read at two speeds, one intended for an informed public, the other focusing more on learning.
Forestry & silviculture: practice & techniques --- Sylviculture --- Forestry
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Forestry --- Archeology --- Flanders
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La sylvothérapie est une pratique ancestrale issue de la naturopathie. Les bains de forêt sont pratiqués régulièrement depuis plus de trente ans au Japon, apportant des nombreux bienfaits sur le stress, la tension artérielle, le système immunitaire, ainsi que sur le trouble du déficit de l’attention et l’hyperactivité. En France, nous commençons à peine à redécouvrir à quel point la cure sylvatique peut avoir un effet bénéfique sur notre santé et notre bien-être. Avec un beau talent de conteuse, Laurence Monce nous invite à une promenade en forêt salvatrice, distillant au fil des pages ses secrets et conseils pour une rencontre harmonieuse avec la nature. Apprenez à reconnaître les essences d’arbres et à vous connecter à eux au moyen de vos cinq sens, réalisez des recettes de cuisine simples avec des ingrédients issus de la forêt, découvrez des exercices de méditation et de respiration qui vont vous ressourcer, et invitez les enfants à avoir un autre regard sur la forêt grâce à des activités respectueuses de leur environnement
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In Africa, tree plantations are likely to be developed for several reasons: restoration of production capacities and services provided by natural forests, enhancement of agroforestry lands, easier harvesting of wood and non-wood forest products, etc. As exotic species only provide specific services, it is important to revitalize the planting of local species. This is the purpose of this guide, which focuses on species of dense rainforests, capitalizing on the results of past and recent trials in six African countries, and on the This is the purpose of this guide, which focuses on species of dense rainforests, capitalizing on the results of past and recent trials in six African countries, and mobilizing individual skills and knowledge. The book provides a practical approach to the various stages of a silvicultural program: seed collection and management, nursery construction and management, and plantation installation and management. An estimate of the costs and profitability of such plantations is also provided. Finally, the book describes in detail the silvicultural itinerary of 50 tree species of the African rainforests. This guide is intended for a wide audience: managers, forestry technicians and engineers, students and scientists interested in tropical silviculture.
Forestry --- African rainforests --- Agroforestry
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