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This Special Issue “Recent Advances and Future Trends in Pavement Engineering” was proposed and organized to present recent developments in the field of innovative pavement materials and engineering. The 12 articles and state-of-the-art reviews highlighted in this editorial are related to different aspects of pavement engineering, from recycled asphalt pavements to alkali-activated materials, from hot mix asphalt concrete to porous asphalt concrete, from interface bonding to modal analysis, and from destructive testing to non-destructive pavement monitoring by using fiber optics sensors. This Special Issue partly provides an overview of current innovative pavement engineering ideas that have the potential to be implemented in industry in the future, covering some recent developments.
History of engineering & technology --- laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) --- pavements --- vibration measurement --- noise floor --- modal analysis --- peat --- asphalt --- rheology --- drainage --- wet process --- rutting --- hot mix asphalt --- recycled asphalt --- RAP gradation --- ignition test --- FTIR --- ESEM --- transverse profile analysis --- trenching --- coring --- hot-mix asphalt --- flow number --- effective binder content --- air voids --- voids in mineral aggregates --- voids filled with asphalt --- asphalt content --- fiber optics sensors (FOS) --- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors --- falling weight deflectometer (FWD) --- permeable pavements --- porous asphalt concrete --- polymeric transparent binder --- synthetic aggregates --- urban pavements --- urban runoff --- hot mix asphalt dynamic modulus --- principal component analysis --- linear regression modeling --- artificial neural network --- receiver operating characteristic --- optimization --- complex modulus --- fatigue cracking --- permanent deformation --- thermal cracking resistance --- paving blocks --- alkali-activated materials --- waste powders --- recycled materials --- moisture damage --- surface free energy components --- cohesion --- binder–aggregate adhesion --- asphalt pavement --- interface bonding --- shear reaction modulus --- numerical analysis --- falling weight deflectometer --- FOS --- FBG
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This Special Issue “Recent Advances and Future Trends in Pavement Engineering” was proposed and organized to present recent developments in the field of innovative pavement materials and engineering. The 12 articles and state-of-the-art reviews highlighted in this editorial are related to different aspects of pavement engineering, from recycled asphalt pavements to alkali-activated materials, from hot mix asphalt concrete to porous asphalt concrete, from interface bonding to modal analysis, and from destructive testing to non-destructive pavement monitoring by using fiber optics sensors. This Special Issue partly provides an overview of current innovative pavement engineering ideas that have the potential to be implemented in industry in the future, covering some recent developments.
laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) --- pavements --- vibration measurement --- noise floor --- modal analysis --- peat --- asphalt --- rheology --- drainage --- wet process --- rutting --- hot mix asphalt --- recycled asphalt --- RAP gradation --- ignition test --- FTIR --- ESEM --- transverse profile analysis --- trenching --- coring --- hot-mix asphalt --- flow number --- effective binder content --- air voids --- voids in mineral aggregates --- voids filled with asphalt --- asphalt content --- fiber optics sensors (FOS) --- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors --- falling weight deflectometer (FWD) --- permeable pavements --- porous asphalt concrete --- polymeric transparent binder --- synthetic aggregates --- urban pavements --- urban runoff --- hot mix asphalt dynamic modulus --- principal component analysis --- linear regression modeling --- artificial neural network --- receiver operating characteristic --- optimization --- complex modulus --- fatigue cracking --- permanent deformation --- thermal cracking resistance --- paving blocks --- alkali-activated materials --- waste powders --- recycled materials --- moisture damage --- surface free energy components --- cohesion --- binder–aggregate adhesion --- asphalt pavement --- interface bonding --- shear reaction modulus --- numerical analysis --- falling weight deflectometer --- FOS --- FBG
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This Special Issue “Recent Advances and Future Trends in Pavement Engineering” was proposed and organized to present recent developments in the field of innovative pavement materials and engineering. The 12 articles and state-of-the-art reviews highlighted in this editorial are related to different aspects of pavement engineering, from recycled asphalt pavements to alkali-activated materials, from hot mix asphalt concrete to porous asphalt concrete, from interface bonding to modal analysis, and from destructive testing to non-destructive pavement monitoring by using fiber optics sensors. This Special Issue partly provides an overview of current innovative pavement engineering ideas that have the potential to be implemented in industry in the future, covering some recent developments.
History of engineering & technology --- laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) --- pavements --- vibration measurement --- noise floor --- modal analysis --- peat --- asphalt --- rheology --- drainage --- wet process --- rutting --- hot mix asphalt --- recycled asphalt --- RAP gradation --- ignition test --- FTIR --- ESEM --- transverse profile analysis --- trenching --- coring --- hot-mix asphalt --- flow number --- effective binder content --- air voids --- voids in mineral aggregates --- voids filled with asphalt --- asphalt content --- fiber optics sensors (FOS) --- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors --- falling weight deflectometer (FWD) --- permeable pavements --- porous asphalt concrete --- polymeric transparent binder --- synthetic aggregates --- urban pavements --- urban runoff --- hot mix asphalt dynamic modulus --- principal component analysis --- linear regression modeling --- artificial neural network --- receiver operating characteristic --- optimization --- complex modulus --- fatigue cracking --- permanent deformation --- thermal cracking resistance --- paving blocks --- alkali-activated materials --- waste powders --- recycled materials --- moisture damage --- surface free energy components --- cohesion --- binder–aggregate adhesion --- asphalt pavement --- interface bonding --- shear reaction modulus --- numerical analysis --- falling weight deflectometer --- FOS --- FBG --- laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) --- pavements --- vibration measurement --- noise floor --- modal analysis --- peat --- asphalt --- rheology --- drainage --- wet process --- rutting --- hot mix asphalt --- recycled asphalt --- RAP gradation --- ignition test --- FTIR --- ESEM --- transverse profile analysis --- trenching --- coring --- hot-mix asphalt --- flow number --- effective binder content --- air voids --- voids in mineral aggregates --- voids filled with asphalt --- asphalt content --- fiber optics sensors (FOS) --- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors --- falling weight deflectometer (FWD) --- permeable pavements --- porous asphalt concrete --- polymeric transparent binder --- synthetic aggregates --- urban pavements --- urban runoff --- hot mix asphalt dynamic modulus --- principal component analysis --- linear regression modeling --- artificial neural network --- receiver operating characteristic --- optimization --- complex modulus --- fatigue cracking --- permanent deformation --- thermal cracking resistance --- paving blocks --- alkali-activated materials --- waste powders --- recycled materials --- moisture damage --- surface free energy components --- cohesion --- binder–aggregate adhesion --- asphalt pavement --- interface bonding --- shear reaction modulus --- numerical analysis --- falling weight deflectometer --- FOS --- FBG
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Concerns have been raised with respect to the state of high-altitude and high-latitude treelines, as they are anticipated to undergo considerable modifications due to global changes, and especially due to climate warming. As high-elevation treelines are temperature-limited vegetation boundaries, they are considered to be sensitive to climate warming. As a consequence, in this future, warmer environment, an upward migration of treelines is expected because low air and root-zone temperatures constrain their regeneration and growth. Despite the ubiquity of climate warming, treeline advancement is not a worldwide phenomenon: some treelines have been advancing rapidly, others have responded sluggishly or have remained stable. This variation in responses is attributed to the potential interaction of a continuum of site-related factors that may lead to the occurrence of locally conditioned temperature patterns. Competition amongst species and below-ground resources have been suggested as additional factors explaining the variability in the movement of treelines. This Special Issue (book) is dedicated to the discussion of treeline responses to changing environmental conditions in different areas around the globe.
n/a --- tree seedling recruitment --- shrubline --- light quality --- higher altitude --- precipitation --- experimental rain exclusion --- Pinus cembra --- Changbai Mountain --- treeline dynamics --- fungal ecology --- thermal continentality --- tree regeneration --- elevational transect --- monitoring --- conifer shrub --- plant water availability --- permafrost --- foehn winds --- treeline --- Holocene --- nitrogen cycling --- carotenoids --- timberline --- 15N natural abundance --- spectrometer --- basal area increment --- palynology --- xylem embolism --- diversity --- elevational treeline --- European Alps --- temperature --- tree line --- winter stress --- photosynthetic pigments --- Pinus sibirica --- westerly winds --- relative air humidity --- ecosystem manipulation --- Larix decidua --- microsite --- polar treeline --- Central Austrian Alps --- Switzerland --- multi-stemmed growth form --- conifers --- forest edge --- history of treeline research --- soil drought --- dendroclimatology --- knowledge engineering --- Rocky Mountains --- apical control --- cloud --- postglacial --- alpine timberline --- space-for-time substitution --- climate change --- expert elicitation --- shoot elongation --- pit aspiration --- climate warming --- climate zone --- alpine treeline --- refilling --- Abies sibirica --- growth trend --- western Montana --- light quantity --- Picea abies --- Mediterranean climate --- forest climatology --- altitude --- environmental stress --- sub-Antarctic --- Erman’s birch --- photoinhibition --- tocopherol --- elevational gradients --- NDVI --- long-term trends --- sap flow --- peat --- tree seedlings --- Southern Ocean --- chlorophyll --- non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) --- drought --- upward advance --- remote sensing data --- Erman's birch
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The depletion of natural energy resources provides evidential adverse impacts on world economy functionality. The strong requirement of a sustainable energy supply has escalated intensive research and the discovery of cleaner energy sources, as well as efficient energy management practices. In the context of a circular economy, this research not only targets the optimisation of resources utilisation at different stages but also emphasises the eco-design of products to extend production life spans. Based on this concept, this book discusses the roles of process integration approaches, renewable energy sources utilisation and design modifications in addressing the process energy and exergy efficiency improvement. The primary focus is to enhance the economic and environmental performance through process analysis, modelling and optimisation. The articles mainly show the contribution of each aspect: (a) design and numerical study for innovative energy-efficient technologies, (b) process integration—heat and power, (c) process energy efficiency or emission analysis, and (d) optimisation of renewable energy resources’ supply chain. The articles are based on the latest contribution of this journal’s Special Issues in the 21st conference entitled “Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES)”. This book is complemented with an editorial review to highlight the broader state-of-the-art development.
Research & information: general --- particulate matter --- fine particles --- combustion particles --- nucleation --- particle growth --- data envelopment analysis --- energy efficiency --- food loss and waste --- life-cycle assessment --- welding residual stress --- welding deflection --- T-joint fillet weld --- preheat temperature --- interpass time --- finite element analysis --- water desalination --- water supply --- water shortage --- energy demand --- environmental impacts --- specific energy consumption --- cryogenic energy storage --- air liquefaction --- exergy analysis --- economic analysis --- exergoeconomic analysis --- heat exchanger network --- structural controllability --- structural observability --- operability --- network science --- sensor and actuator placement --- simplified methods --- design procedure --- convection section --- radiant section --- flow distribution --- heat flux distribution --- boiler --- solar collector network --- minimum number of solar collectors --- maximum operating time --- flexible operation --- district heating --- heat accumulation --- pipe --- numerical model --- Modelica language --- Julia language --- performance --- off-grid polygeneration --- micro-hydropower plant --- fuzzy optimization --- mixed-integer linear programming --- dual-turbine --- multi-objective --- heat exchanger network (HEN) --- synthesis --- optimization --- direct heat integration --- indirect heat integration --- piping --- pumping --- impinging jet --- dimple --- Nusselt number --- heat transfer --- heat exchanger --- flow boiling --- surface-enhanced tube --- heat transfer coefficient --- flow pattern --- total site heat integration --- heat recovery loop (HRL) --- heat storage --- Monte Carlo (MC) simulation --- data farming --- gasification --- biomass --- total solid particle --- trigeneration system --- process integration --- pinch analysis --- co-generation --- storage system --- trigeneration system cascade analysis --- energy conservation --- latent heat thermal energy storage --- phase change materials --- passive cooling --- bio-adsorbents --- chitosan microbeads --- nanoparticles --- anaerobic digestion --- biowaste --- life cycle assessment --- smart city --- waste collection --- P-Graph framework --- process network synthesis --- multi-periodic model --- sustainability --- co-firing --- wheat straw --- softwood --- bog peat --- pellets --- thermal decomposition --- combustion --- DC electric field --- computational fluid dynamics --- temperature contour --- cooling system --- mathematical optimization --- machine learning --- flexible control technology --- biomass co-firing --- biomass quality --- network optimization --- goal programming --- mixed integer nonlinear programming --- renewable energy sources --- energy-saving technologies --- particulate matter --- fine particles --- combustion particles --- nucleation --- particle growth --- data envelopment analysis --- energy efficiency --- food loss and waste --- life-cycle assessment --- welding residual stress --- welding deflection --- T-joint fillet weld --- preheat temperature --- interpass time --- finite element analysis --- water desalination --- water supply --- water shortage --- energy demand --- environmental impacts --- specific energy consumption --- cryogenic energy storage --- air liquefaction --- exergy analysis --- economic analysis --- exergoeconomic analysis --- heat exchanger network --- structural controllability --- structural observability --- operability --- network science --- sensor and actuator placement --- simplified methods --- design procedure --- convection section --- radiant section --- flow distribution --- heat flux distribution --- boiler --- solar collector network --- minimum number of solar collectors --- maximum operating time --- flexible operation --- district heating --- heat accumulation --- pipe --- numerical model --- Modelica language --- Julia language --- performance --- off-grid polygeneration --- micro-hydropower plant --- fuzzy optimization --- mixed-integer linear programming --- dual-turbine --- multi-objective --- heat exchanger network (HEN) --- synthesis --- optimization --- direct heat integration --- indirect heat integration --- piping --- pumping --- impinging jet --- dimple --- Nusselt number --- heat transfer --- heat exchanger --- flow boiling --- surface-enhanced tube --- heat transfer coefficient --- flow pattern --- total site heat integration --- heat recovery loop (HRL) --- heat storage --- Monte Carlo (MC) simulation --- data farming --- gasification --- biomass --- total solid particle --- trigeneration system --- process integration --- pinch analysis --- co-generation --- storage system --- trigeneration system cascade analysis --- energy conservation --- latent heat thermal energy storage --- phase change materials --- passive cooling --- bio-adsorbents --- chitosan microbeads --- nanoparticles --- anaerobic digestion --- biowaste --- life cycle assessment --- smart city --- waste collection --- P-Graph framework --- process network synthesis --- multi-periodic model --- sustainability --- co-firing --- wheat straw --- softwood --- bog peat --- pellets --- thermal decomposition --- combustion --- DC electric field --- computational fluid dynamics --- temperature contour --- cooling system --- mathematical optimization --- machine learning --- flexible control technology --- biomass co-firing --- biomass quality --- network optimization --- goal programming --- mixed integer nonlinear programming --- renewable energy sources --- energy-saving technologies
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The depletion of natural energy resources provides evidential adverse impacts on world economy functionality. The strong requirement of a sustainable energy supply has escalated intensive research and the discovery of cleaner energy sources, as well as efficient energy management practices. In the context of a circular economy, this research not only targets the optimisation of resources utilisation at different stages but also emphasises the eco-design of products to extend production life spans. Based on this concept, this book discusses the roles of process integration approaches, renewable energy sources utilisation and design modifications in addressing the process energy and exergy efficiency improvement. The primary focus is to enhance the economic and environmental performance through process analysis, modelling and optimisation. The articles mainly show the contribution of each aspect: (a) design and numerical study for innovative energy-efficient technologies, (b) process integration—heat and power, (c) process energy efficiency or emission analysis, and (d) optimisation of renewable energy resources’ supply chain. The articles are based on the latest contribution of this journal’s Special Issues in the 21st conference entitled “Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES)”. This book is complemented with an editorial review to highlight the broader state-of-the-art development.
Research & information: general --- particulate matter --- fine particles --- combustion particles --- nucleation --- particle growth --- data envelopment analysis --- energy efficiency --- food loss and waste --- life-cycle assessment --- welding residual stress --- welding deflection --- T-joint fillet weld --- preheat temperature --- interpass time --- finite element analysis --- water desalination --- water supply --- water shortage --- energy demand --- environmental impacts --- specific energy consumption --- cryogenic energy storage --- air liquefaction --- exergy analysis --- economic analysis --- exergoeconomic analysis --- heat exchanger network --- structural controllability --- structural observability --- operability --- network science --- sensor and actuator placement --- simplified methods --- design procedure --- convection section --- radiant section --- flow distribution --- heat flux distribution --- boiler --- solar collector network --- minimum number of solar collectors --- maximum operating time --- flexible operation --- district heating --- heat accumulation --- pipe --- numerical model --- Modelica language --- Julia language --- performance --- off-grid polygeneration --- micro-hydropower plant --- fuzzy optimization --- mixed-integer linear programming --- dual-turbine --- multi-objective --- heat exchanger network (HEN) --- synthesis --- optimization --- direct heat integration --- indirect heat integration --- piping --- pumping --- impinging jet --- dimple --- Nusselt number --- heat transfer --- heat exchanger --- flow boiling --- surface-enhanced tube --- heat transfer coefficient --- flow pattern --- total site heat integration --- heat recovery loop (HRL) --- heat storage --- Monte Carlo (MC) simulation --- data farming --- gasification --- biomass --- total solid particle --- trigeneration system --- process integration --- pinch analysis --- co-generation --- storage system --- trigeneration system cascade analysis --- energy conservation --- latent heat thermal energy storage --- phase change materials --- passive cooling --- bio-adsorbents --- chitosan microbeads --- nanoparticles --- anaerobic digestion --- biowaste --- life cycle assessment --- smart city --- waste collection --- P-Graph framework --- process network synthesis --- multi-periodic model --- sustainability --- co-firing --- wheat straw --- softwood --- bog peat --- pellets --- thermal decomposition --- combustion --- DC electric field --- computational fluid dynamics --- temperature contour --- cooling system --- mathematical optimization --- machine learning --- flexible control technology --- biomass co-firing --- biomass quality --- network optimization --- goal programming --- mixed integer nonlinear programming --- renewable energy sources --- energy-saving technologies
Choose an application
The depletion of natural energy resources provides evidential adverse impacts on world economy functionality. The strong requirement of a sustainable energy supply has escalated intensive research and the discovery of cleaner energy sources, as well as efficient energy management practices. In the context of a circular economy, this research not only targets the optimisation of resources utilisation at different stages but also emphasises the eco-design of products to extend production life spans. Based on this concept, this book discusses the roles of process integration approaches, renewable energy sources utilisation and design modifications in addressing the process energy and exergy efficiency improvement. The primary focus is to enhance the economic and environmental performance through process analysis, modelling and optimisation. The articles mainly show the contribution of each aspect: (a) design and numerical study for innovative energy-efficient technologies, (b) process integration—heat and power, (c) process energy efficiency or emission analysis, and (d) optimisation of renewable energy resources’ supply chain. The articles are based on the latest contribution of this journal’s Special Issues in the 21st conference entitled “Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES)”. This book is complemented with an editorial review to highlight the broader state-of-the-art development.
particulate matter --- fine particles --- combustion particles --- nucleation --- particle growth --- data envelopment analysis --- energy efficiency --- food loss and waste --- life-cycle assessment --- welding residual stress --- welding deflection --- T-joint fillet weld --- preheat temperature --- interpass time --- finite element analysis --- water desalination --- water supply --- water shortage --- energy demand --- environmental impacts --- specific energy consumption --- cryogenic energy storage --- air liquefaction --- exergy analysis --- economic analysis --- exergoeconomic analysis --- heat exchanger network --- structural controllability --- structural observability --- operability --- network science --- sensor and actuator placement --- simplified methods --- design procedure --- convection section --- radiant section --- flow distribution --- heat flux distribution --- boiler --- solar collector network --- minimum number of solar collectors --- maximum operating time --- flexible operation --- district heating --- heat accumulation --- pipe --- numerical model --- Modelica language --- Julia language --- performance --- off-grid polygeneration --- micro-hydropower plant --- fuzzy optimization --- mixed-integer linear programming --- dual-turbine --- multi-objective --- heat exchanger network (HEN) --- synthesis --- optimization --- direct heat integration --- indirect heat integration --- piping --- pumping --- impinging jet --- dimple --- Nusselt number --- heat transfer --- heat exchanger --- flow boiling --- surface-enhanced tube --- heat transfer coefficient --- flow pattern --- total site heat integration --- heat recovery loop (HRL) --- heat storage --- Monte Carlo (MC) simulation --- data farming --- gasification --- biomass --- total solid particle --- trigeneration system --- process integration --- pinch analysis --- co-generation --- storage system --- trigeneration system cascade analysis --- energy conservation --- latent heat thermal energy storage --- phase change materials --- passive cooling --- bio-adsorbents --- chitosan microbeads --- nanoparticles --- anaerobic digestion --- biowaste --- life cycle assessment --- smart city --- waste collection --- P-Graph framework --- process network synthesis --- multi-periodic model --- sustainability --- co-firing --- wheat straw --- softwood --- bog peat --- pellets --- thermal decomposition --- combustion --- DC electric field --- computational fluid dynamics --- temperature contour --- cooling system --- mathematical optimization --- machine learning --- flexible control technology --- biomass co-firing --- biomass quality --- network optimization --- goal programming --- mixed integer nonlinear programming --- renewable energy sources --- energy-saving technologies
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