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"L'ouvrage d'Issaka K. Souaré est un véritable tour de force intellectuel sur un sujet important, mais paradoxalement peu étudié. En adoptant une perspective théorique alliant jeux d'acteurs et cadres institutionnels, il retrace l'histoire des partis politiques africains depuis la période coloniale tout en offrant une analyse documentée et contextualisée des dynamiques électorales récentes, avec un accent particulier sur les partis d'opposition." Mamoudou Gazibo Professeur de science politique, Université de Montréal. Issaka K. Souaré est spécialiste des questions de gouvernance, de paix et de sécurité en Afrique. Il a notamment travaillé comme Conseiller spécial du Haut représentant de l'Union africaine pour le Mali et le Sahel. Il a écrit, entre autres, Guerres civiles et coups d'État en Afrique de l'Ouest (Paris, 2007) et Africa in the United Nations System, 1945-2005 (Londres, 2006).

Democratization

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At a time when people around the world are wondering whether democracy is in decline, Condoleeza Rice shares insights from her experiences as a policymaker, scholar, and citizen in order to put democracy's challenges into perspective. When the United States was founded, it was the only attempt at self-government in the world. Today more than half of all countries qualify as democracies, and in the long run that number will continue to grow. Yet nothing worthwhile ever comes easily. Using America's long struggle as a template, Rice draws lessons for democracy around the world - from Russia, Poland, and Ukraine, to Kenya, Colombia, and the Middle East. She finds that no transitions to democracy are the same because every country starts in a different place. Pathways diverge and sometimes circle backward. Timeframes for success vary dramatically, and countries often suffer false starts before getting it right. But, Rice argues, that does not mean they should not try. The question is not how to create perfect circumstances but how to move forward under difficult ones. The pursuit of democracy is a continuing struggle shared by people around the world, whether they are opposing authoritarian regimes, establishing new democratic institutions, or reforming mature democracies to better live up to their ideals. The work of securing it is never finished.

DEMOCRACY--HISTORY --- DEMOCRATIZATION --- DEMOCRATIZATION--USA

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" The term coup d'état--French for stroke of the state--brings to mind coups staged by power-hungry generals who overthrow the existing regime, not to democratize, but to concentrate power in their own hands as dictators. We assume all coups look the same, smell the same, and present the same threats to democracy. It's a powerful, concise, and self-reinforcing idea. It's also wrong. In The Democratic Coup d'Etat, Ozan Varol advances a simple, yet controversial, argument: Sometimes, a democracy is established through a military coup. Covering events from the Athenian Navy's stance in 411 B.C. against a tyrannical home government, to coups in the American colonies that ousted corrupt British governors, to twentieth-century coups that toppled dictators and established democracy in countries as diverse as Guinea-Bissau, Portugal, and Colombia, the book takes the reader on a gripping journey. Connecting the dots between these neglected events, Varol weaves a balanced narrative that challenges everything we thought we knew about military coups. In so doing, he tackles several baffling questions: How can an event as undemocratic as a military coup lead to democracy? Why would imposing generals-armed with tanks and guns and all-voluntarily surrender power to civilian politicians? What distinguishes militaries that help build democracies from those that destroy them? Varol's arguments made headlines across the globe in major media outlets and were cited critically in a public speech by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Written for a general audience, this book will entertain, challenge, and provoke, but more importantly, serve as a reminder of the imperative to question the standard narratives about our world and engage with all ideas, no matter how controversial. "--

Coups d'état --- Democratization

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Une analyse du processus démocratique en Pologne après la fin de l'époque soviétique. L'exemple polonais permet de comprendre les logiques de construction d'un régime. Il illustre les fragilités des démocraties issues du totalitarisme ainsi que les difficultés qui en découlent comme le retour des extrémismes ou du populisme. ©Electre 2019

Democratization --- Political parties --- Poland --- Politics and government

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4e de couverture : "Les cyniques disaient que les Arabes n'étaient pas faits pour la démocratie. Les complaisants nous préparaient à un pouvoir durable des islamistes au Maghreb et au Proche-Orient. Tous se fourvoyèrent. Le grand mouvement de contestation déclenché fin 2010 en Tunisie, qui a balayé une partie du monde arabe, les a surpris tour à tour. Quel en fut le moteur principal ? Pourquoi certains régimes ont-ils chuté et pas d'autres ? Comment Assad peut-il impunément poursuivre sa répression meurtrière ? Quel rôle jouent les Occidentaux, la Russie et les autres puissances ? Pourquoi les islamistes ont-ils échoué à garder le pouvoir là où ils l'avaient conquis ? Y a-t-il une vraie guerre sunnites-chiites ? Les réponses à ces questions et à bien d'autres nécessitent sérieux, clarté et pondération. Car, directement ou pas, elles nous concernent tous. Y compris en France..."

Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Democratization --- Islam and politics --- Arab countries