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Food supply. --- Globalization --- Aliments --- Mondialisation --- Social aspects. --- Approvisionnement --- Aspect social --- Food industry and trade --- Food --- Globalization. --- Globalisierung --- Lebensmittelversorgung --- Social Sciences and Humanities. Development Studies --- Political aspects. --- International cooperation. --- Food Policy --- Globalisierung. --- Lebensmittelversorgung. --- Food Policy.
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Agriculture and state --- Agriculture --- Food supply --- Nutrition policy --- Social Sciences and Humanities. Development Studies --- Economic aspects --- Food Policy.
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This Joint Staff Advisory Note focuses on the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) for Djibouti. Djibouti’s National Initiative for Social Development (“Initiative Nationale pour le Développement Social”—INDS) provides a comprehensive vision for economic growth and poverty reduction. Notwithstanding some important achievements of the PRSP-I, overall progress in achieving its objectives has been limited. IMF staff commends the government for a well-designed and ambitious poverty reduction strategy. IMF staff considers that the INDS benefits from better prioritization and draws lessons from the shortcomings in the implementation of the PRSP-I.
Social Services and Welfare --- Agriculture & Food Policy --- Demography --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Demographic Economics: General --- Agricultural Policy --- Food Policy --- Social welfare & social services --- Poverty & precarity --- Population & demography --- Poverty --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Poverty reduction --- Population and demographics --- Food security --- Population --- Djibouti
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Third World: agricultural and food problems --- Pays en développement --- Developing countries --- Disponibilité alimentaire --- Food supply --- Malnutrition --- Famine --- Situation agricole --- Agricultural situation --- Situation économique --- economic situation --- Population humaine --- human population --- Dynamique des populations --- population dynamics --- Politique alimentaire --- Food policies --- Sécurité alimentaire --- food security --- Poor --- Nutrition policy --- Nutrition --- Government policy --- International cooperation. --- Social Sciences and Humanities. Development Studies --- Food Policy --- Food Policy. --- International cooperation --- Developing countries: agricultural and food problems
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Food resources --- Food production --- Food industry --- Commodity markets --- Food supply --- Food stocks --- food security --- Feed consumption --- human nutrition --- Food supply. --- Food industry and trade. --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Diet --- Nutrition --- Agricultural innovations. --- Research. --- Social Sciences and Humanities. Development Studies --- Food Policy --- Food Security. --- Diet.
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The paper assesses the costs and household level benefits of migrating overseas from Bangladesh. The authors survey households who have had overseas migrants to assess their characteristics compared to non-migrants. They also compute various types of migration and remittance related transaction costs and discuss the channels by which overseas migration is financed, remittances sent and the constraints faced by the poorest. Using the Propensity Score Matching method, the paper finds that overseas migration conveys substantial benefits to families as measured by household consumption, use of modern agricultural inputs, and level of household savings. The authors also offer some possible policy directions to strengthen the returns from migration as well as reduce some of the costs.
Access to Finance --- Banks and Banking Reform --- Debt Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Household income --- Household level --- Household surveys --- Impact of migration --- International food policy research institute --- International migration --- Labor market --- Labor markets --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Migrant --- Migrants --- Migration --- Migration process --- Policy implications --- Policy research --- Policy research working paper --- Population Policies --- Potential migrants --- Progress --- Remittance --- Remittances --- Returnee
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This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to elicit support in the political arena is evident from this analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round commitments could put further constraints on subsidies provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs through 2012, there are several political uncertainties about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure.
Agribusiness --- Agricultural Sector Economics --- Agricultural Subsidies --- Agricultural Trade --- Agriculture --- Bidding --- Commodity Prices --- Consumers --- Corn --- Cotton --- Crop Insurance --- Crop Yields --- Crops --- Deregulation --- Economic theory & Research --- Economics --- Ethanol --- Expenditures --- Farming --- Financial Crisis --- Food Production --- Horticultural Crops --- Inflation --- Insurance --- International Food Policy Research Institute --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Marketing --- Monetary Policy --- Political Economy --- Savings --- Soybeans --- Sugar --- Trade Liberalization --- Trade Policy --- Wheat --- World Trade Organization
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Although Mozambique has considerable agricultural potential, rural poverty remains extremely high. This paper examines the extent to which global and domestic price distortions affect agricultural production and national poverty. The author develops a computable general equilibrium (CGE) and micro-simulation model of Mozambique that is linked to the results of a global model. This framework is used to examine the effects of eliminating global and national price distortions. Model results indicate that agriculture is adversely affected by current trade distortions due to policies in the rest of the world. While a removal of all merchandise trade distortions will reduce import prices, it will also raise agricultural production and reduce poverty. By contrast, removing only agricultural price distortions abroad will have little effect on Mozambique's agricultural sector. Model results indicate that Mozambique's own distortions are also biased against agriculture, with producers of processed agricultural products enjoying high protection levels. Removing these distortions causes a significant expansion of agricultural Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and a reduction in both poverty and inequality. The findings therefore suggest that removing own-country and rest-of-world distortions will have positive implications for agriculture and for the overall economy in Mozambique, and in particular it will reduce its poverty and inequality.
Agricultural Policy --- Agricultural Productivity --- Agricultural Sector Economics --- Agricultural Trade --- Agriculture --- Civil War --- Consumer Spending --- Cotton --- Crops --- Depreciation --- Developing Countries --- Elasticity of Demand --- Food Processing --- Foreign Direct Investment --- Foreign Ownership --- Gdp --- Inequality --- International Food Policy Research Institute --- Livestock --- Maize --- Market Economy --- Meat --- Natural Resources --- Pesticides --- Poultry --- Poverty and Trade --- Poverty Reduction --- Remittances --- Savings --- Skilled Workers --- Sugar --- Sugarcane --- Surplus --- Trade Liberalization --- Trade Policy --- Wages --- Wheat
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The paper assesses the costs and household level benefits of migrating overseas from Bangladesh. The authors survey households who have had overseas migrants to assess their characteristics compared to non-migrants. They also compute various types of migration and remittance related transaction costs and discuss the channels by which overseas migration is financed, remittances sent and the constraints faced by the poorest. Using the Propensity Score Matching method, the paper finds that overseas migration conveys substantial benefits to families as measured by household consumption, use of modern agricultural inputs, and level of household savings. The authors also offer some possible policy directions to strengthen the returns from migration as well as reduce some of the costs.
Access to Finance --- Banks and Banking Reform --- Debt Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Household income --- Household level --- Household surveys --- Impact of migration --- International food policy research institute --- International migration --- Labor market --- Labor markets --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Migrant --- Migrants --- Migration --- Migration process --- Policy implications --- Policy research --- Policy research working paper --- Population Policies --- Potential migrants --- Progress --- Remittance --- Remittances --- Returnee
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