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Excess wages tax (EWT) is a tax-based incomes policy instrument introduced in many centrally-planned economies and still used in some FSU and Eastern European countries in transition. The main macroeconomic goal of EWT is to curb inflationary pressures by penalizing through taxation the “excessive” wage awards granted by enterprises in the course of wage and price liberalization. In this paper, effects of EWT on the behavior of a profit-maximizing enterprise under monopsony, its incidence on wages and profits, and its impact on inflation are analyzed. The effect of EWT on an enterprise that maximizes workers’ income is also examined with some observations on EWT’s impact on managerial behavior. Finally, recent experience with EWT is assessed and compared to that suggested by the model.
Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Corporate Taxation --- Business Taxes and Subsidies --- Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: Firm --- Firm Behavior --- Employment --- Unemployment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: Public Policy --- Labor Economics: General --- Labour --- income economics --- Corporate & business tax --- Minimum wages --- Wage adjustments --- Corporate income tax --- Taxes --- Minimum wage --- Corporations --- Taxation --- Labor economics --- Poland, Republic of
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This paper provides background information on the Lebanese economy, based on an analysis of the economic consequences of war, and discusses several issues that will be central to Lebanon's prospects for recovery.
Third World: economic development problems --- Lebanon --- Industrial promotion --- Economic conditions --- Economic policy --- -338 <569.3> --- 338.22 <569.3> --- histoire generalite --- liban --- politique economique --- situation economique --- LB / Lebanon - Libanon - Liban --- 331.30 --- 331.061 --- 335.6 --- 330.05 --- 330.95692 --- Commerce --- Industrial development projects --- Economische situatie. Economische structuur van bepaalde landen en gebieden. Economische geografie. Economische produktie.economische produkten. Economische diensten--Libanon --- Economische organisatieleer. Economisch beleid. Economische politiek--Libanon --- geschiedenis algemeen --- libanon --- economisch beleid --- economische toestand --- Economische toestand. --- Economische vooruitzichten. --- Liquidatie van de oorlogseconomie: economische demobilisatie en herstel. Marshall Plan. --- Economic conditions. --- Economic policy. --- History --- -Civil War, 1975 --- --Economic aspects. --- Working papers --- 338.22 <569.3> Economische organisatieleer. Economisch beleid. Economische politiek--Libanon --- 338 <569.3> Economische situatie. Economische structuur van bepaalde landen en gebieden. Economische geografie. Economische produktie.economische produkten. Economische diensten--Libanon --- 338 <569.3> --- Economische vooruitzichten --- Economische toestand --- Liquidatie van de oorlogseconomie: economische demobilisatie en herstel. Marshall Plan --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Liban --- République libanaise --- Libanon --- Lubnān --- Libanan --- Livan --- Mont-Liban (Turkey : Mutaṣarrifīyah) --- Jabal Lubnān (Turkey : Mutaṣarrifīyah) --- Levanon --- Líbano --- Livanos --- Grand Lebanon --- Grand Liban --- Lebanese Republic --- Jumhūrīyah al Lubnānīyah --- Jumhouriya al-Lubnaniya --- Republic of Lebanon --- لبنان --- جمهورية اللبنانية --- Ліван --- Ліванская Рэспубліка --- Livanskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Ливан --- Република Ливан --- Republika Livan --- Λίβανος --- Δημοκρατία του Λιβάνου --- Dēmokratia tou Livanou --- Jumhūrīyyah al-Lubnānīyyah --- 레바논 --- לבנון --- רפובליקה הלבנונית --- Republiḳah ha-Levanonit --- Либан --- Либанска Република --- Libanska Republika --- レバノン --- Rebanon --- レバノン共和国 --- Rebanon Kyōwakoku --- Ливанская Республика --- Республіка Ліван --- Respublika Livan --- Ліванська Республика --- Livansʹka Respublyka --- Levonen --- 黎巴嫩 --- Libanen --- Industrial promotion - Lebanon --- Lebanon - Economic conditions --- Lebanon - Economic policy --- Banks and Banking --- Foreign Exchange --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Public Finance --- Taxation --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Monetary economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Banking --- Exchange rates --- Monetary aggregates --- Dollarization --- Expenditure --- Personal income --- Money --- Monetary policy --- National accounts --- Total expenditures --- Expenditures, Public --- Banks and banking --- Money supply
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