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As the century begins, natural resources are under increasing pressure, threatening public health and development. As a result, the balance between man and nature has been disrupted, with climatic changes whose effects are starting to be irreversible. Due to the relationship between the quality of the indoor built environment and its energy demand, thermal comfort issues are still relevant in the disciplinary debate. This is also because the indoor environment has a potential impact on occupants' health and productivity, affecting their physical and psychological conditions. To achieve a sustainable compromise in terms of comfort and energy requirements, several challenging questions must be answered with regard to design, technical, engineering, psychological, and physiological issues and, finally, potential interactions with other IEQ issues that require a holistic way to conceive the building envelope design. This Special Issue collected original research and review articles on innovative designs, systems, and/or control domains that can enhance thermal comfort, work productivity, and wellbeing in a built environment, along with works considering the integration of human factors in buildings’ energy performance.

smart broiler chamber --- ventilation system --- wind velocity --- age of air --- computational fluid dynamics --- simulation analysis --- user awareness --- energy consumption --- individual metering --- feedback strategies --- N-ZEB --- IoT --- Trombe wall --- thermal comfort --- passive heating systems --- heat accumulation --- thermal comfort models --- thermal comfort assessment --- Fanger’s models --- moderate environments --- sport facilities --- desert cooler --- evaporative cooling --- indoor air quality --- liquid desiccant --- effectiveness model --- moisture removal --- PMV --- comfort indices --- software --- app --- building simulation --- health and comfort --- evaluation indicators --- work environments --- indoor environmental quality --- indoor comfort --- human health --- clothing thermal insulation --- thermoregulation model --- Tanabe model --- infrared camera --- indoor air quality (IAQ) --- hybrid ventilation --- demand controlled ventilation (DCV) --- internet of things (IoT) --- soft-sensor --- convolution neural networks --- draught --- cooling period --- open office --- thermal sensation --- biological structure and composition --- tissue temperature --- bioheat model --- MRI analysis --- sensitivity analysis