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Foaming of polymeric materials enables weight reduction, which is very important from the economic point of view, but most of all, it should be considered as an excellent means to provide new properties to various polymeric materials. Permanent developments in foaming technologies allow manufacturing of foams with micro- and even nano-sized pores, expanding the already very wide range of their applications. Except for the most conventional applications, which include damping materials, thermal and acoustic insulation, packaging materials or absorbents, applications in catalysis, fuel cells, tissue engineering, and electromagnetic shielding, often associated with nanocellular structures, have become more and more popular.Moreover, having in mind the ongoing trends and law regulations, it is important to remember the environmental impact of polymeric foams. Recent technological developments often involve biodegradability of foams, application of environmentally friendly raw materials, and innovative recycling methods.Because of the richness of potential innovations and future developments, the Editors are pleased to present the Structure, Properties and Applications of Polymeric Foams book, a collection of papers from Materials Special Issue dealing with the structure, performance, and applications of polymeric foams.

Plastic foams. --- Urethane foam.

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Advances in nanotechnology have boosted the development of more efficient materials, with emerging sectors (electronics, energy, aerospace, etc.) demanding novel materials to fulfill the complex technical requirements of their products. This is the case of polymeric foams, which may display good structural properties alongside functional characteristics through a complex composition and (micro)structure in which a gas phase is combined with rigid ones, mainly based on nanoparticles, dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. In recent years, there has been an important impulse in the development of nanocomposite foams, extending the concept of nanocomposites to the field of cellular materials. This, alongside developments in new advanced foaming technologies which have allowed the generation of foams with micro, sub-micro, and even nanocellular structures, has extended the applications of more traditional foams in terms of weight reduction, damping, and thermal and/or acoustic insulation to novel possibilities, such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. This Special Issue, which consists of a total of 22 articles, including one review article written by research groups of experts in the field, considers recent research on novel polymer-based foams in all their aspects: design, composition, processing and fabrication, microstructure, characterization and analysis, applications and service behavior, recycling and reuse, etc.

graphene oxide --- n/a --- microstructure --- multi-objective particle swarm optimization --- electromagnetic wave absorption --- polyamide --- lignin --- expandable microspheres --- surfactants --- aluminum microfibers --- biomaterials --- permittivity --- compression properties --- shock compression --- syntactic foams --- 1 --- impact wedge–peel test --- phenolic foams --- 3 --- foam extrusion --- energy conservation --- heat transfer --- heterogeneous nucleation --- polyurethane foam --- leaching test --- functional --- cellulose foam --- impact property --- foam injection molding --- itaconic acid --- composites --- foaming quality --- phosphorus flame retardants --- polymer waste --- metallic tube --- 5-benzene-trisamides --- polyurethane foam composites --- polyetherimide foams --- scCO2 --- Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer --- thermal conductivity --- ethyl cellulose --- super critical CO2 --- thermal insulation --- cell nucleation --- crystalline --- polypropylene --- PZT --- burning characteristic --- foams --- quasi-static compression tests --- flame-retardant ABS microcellular foams --- nanotubes --- conductivity --- energy absorption capability --- intrinsic toughness --- ternary synergistic effect --- multilayers --- absorbent PMI foam --- semi-rigid polyurethane foams --- phosphorus --- EMI --- supramolecular additives --- MuCell® injection-molding foaming --- piezocomposite --- ultrasonication --- scCO2 foaming --- automobile structural adhesives --- thermogravimetric analysis --- rigid polyurethane foam --- failure mechanism --- mechanical properties --- multifunctional foams --- SANS --- fluoelastomer --- sound absorption coefficient --- acoustic performances --- functional foam --- foam morphology --- mechanical property --- polystyrene foams --- piezoelectric --- graphene --- Pluronic --- epoxy composite foam adhesive --- polymers --- flame retardancy --- core–shell rubber --- extrusion foaming --- equation of state --- cellulose nanofiber --- epoxy --- DOPO --- PUR --- grey relational analysis --- activation energies --- adjacent façade --- electrical conductivity --- impact wedge-peel test --- core-shell rubber --- adjacent façade

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Cellular solids and porous metals have become some of the most promising lightweight multifunctional materials due to their superior combination of advanced properties mainly derived from their base material and cellular structure. They are used in a wide range of commercial, biomedical, industrial, and military applications. In contrast to other cellular materials, cellular metals are non-flammable, recyclable, extremely tough, and chemically stable and are excellent energy absorbers. The manuscripts of this Special Issue provide a representative insight into the recent developments in this field, covering topics related to manufacturing, characterization, properties, specific challenges in transportation, and the description of structural features. For example, a presented strategy for the strengthening of Al-alloy foams is the addition of alloying elements (e.g., magnesium) into the metal bulk matrix to promote the formation of intermetallics (e.g., precipitation hardening). The incorporation of micro-sized and nano-sized reinforcement elements (e.g., carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide) into the metal bulk matrix to enhance the performance of the ductile metal is presented. New bioinspired cellular materials, such as nanocomposite foams, lattice materials, and hybrid foams and structures are also discussed (e.g., filled hollow structures, metal-polymer hybrid cellular structures).

semi-solid --- aluminum foam --- primary crystals --- SIMA process --- slope casting --- pore morphology --- aluminium alloy foam --- recycling --- beverage cans --- direct foaming method --- A-242 alloy --- cellular materials --- composites --- friction welding --- foam --- recycle --- compression test --- precipitation phase --- age hardening --- aluminum alloy foams --- powder metallurgy --- continuous production --- mechanical properties --- gradient compressed porous metal --- sound absorption performance --- optimal parameters --- theoretical modeling --- cuckoo search algorithm --- finite element simulation --- experimental validation --- enclosed gas --- anisotropy --- elasticity --- plasticity --- multiaxial yielding --- open-cell aluminum foam --- epoxy resin --- graphene oxide --- hybrid structures --- mechanical --- thermal and acoustic properties --- metal foam --- aluminum alloys --- grain refinement --- modification --- microstructure --- mechanics of materials --- metallurgy --- melt treatment --- CALPHAD --- liquid fraction, X-ray diffraction --- X-ray radioscopy --- X-ray tomography --- X-ray tomoscopy --- porous metal --- drainage --- clogging --- lattice material --- topology optimisation --- crystal inspiration --- energy absorption --- cellular metals --- X-ray computed tomography --- infrared thermography --- mechanical characterization --- thermal characterization --- acoustic characterization --- open-cell foam --- polyurethane foam --- graphene-based materials --- nanocomposites --- unidirectional cellular structure --- porosity --- fabrication --- explosive compaction --- metallography --- computational simulation --- experimental tests --- aluminum matrix foam composite (AMFC) --- MWCNT --- chemical oxidation --- electroless deposition nickel --- expansion --- n/a

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This book is the result of a Special Issue published in Applied Sciences, entitled “New Trends in Recycled Aggregate Concrete"". It identifies emerging research areas within the field of recycled aggregate concrete and contributes to the increased use of this eco-efficient material.Its contents are organised in the following sections: Upscaling the use of recycled aggregate concrete in structural design; Large scale applications of recycled aggregate concrete; Long-term behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete; Performance of recycled aggregate concrete in very aggressive environments; Reliability of recycled aggregate concrete structures; Life cycle assessment of recycled aggregate concrete; New applications of recycled aggregate concrete.

crushing --- heavyweight waste glass --- n/a --- recycled aggregate quality --- seismic load --- microstructure --- construction waste --- permeability --- bond strength --- seismic performance --- aggregate interlock mechanism --- recycled concrete aggregates --- compressive strength --- crumb rubber --- cellular concrete --- model --- cyclic load --- recycled aggregate --- crushed glass --- models --- recycled aggregate concrete --- reactive power concrete --- recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) --- energy absorbing --- creep --- elevated temperature --- fiber-reinforced concrete --- size effect --- recycled concrete aggregate --- geological nature of aggregates --- mechanical properties --- recycled concrete --- artificial neural networks --- recycled aggregates --- steel fibre --- quality of aggregates --- aggregates --- foam stability --- ceramic foam --- durable characteristics --- nylon fiber --- concrete --- mechanical characteristics --- strain rate --- steel reinforced recycled aggregate concrete (SRRAC) --- dynamic mechanical property --- concrete sludge fines --- water absorption --- columns --- environmental impact --- blast-furnace slag --- input variable --- tensile splitting strength --- aggregate --- returned concrete --- reinforced concrete member --- variable sensitivity --- soil stabilization --- numerical analysis --- shear behavior --- fly-ash --- modulus --- life cycle assessment --- foam structure --- silica fume --- recycling --- recycled coarse aggregate concrete --- ready-mixed concrete --- foam concrete --- flexural behavior --- mixture proportioning --- aggregate characteristic --- residual properties --- CT --- reinforced concrete --- shrinkage

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The book "Advanced Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices" reports new, improved electrocatalytic materials for batteries, capacitors, and fuel cells. These advances are expected to significantly impact the performance of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices and, consequently, their commercialisation. This book is intended to be a valuable tool for those from industry and academia interested in knowing more about the field.

sol-gel synthesis --- EDTA chelator --- cathode materials --- layered oxide --- doping --- lithium-ion batteries --- alkaline electrolyser --- electrocatalyst --- electrodeposition --- energy material --- nanofilm --- nickel foam --- oxygen evolution reaction --- PANI, LiFePO4 --- conducting polymers --- hybrid materials --- Li-doped NiO --- microwave synthesis --- computational simulation --- electrochemical measurements --- photoluminescence --- MC polymer electrolyte --- impedance study --- ion transport --- ftir analysis --- TNM --- LSV --- CV analyses --- n/a