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Comme Don Quichotte ou Robinson Crusoé, Shylock est l'une des grandes figures de la littérature mondiale, que l'on ait lu ou pas, vu représenter ou non le Marchand de Venise. C'est aussi l'un des personnages les plus complexes et les plus controversés du répertoire théâtral : acteurs, metteurs en scène, critiques et spectateurs s'y sont confrontés depuis plus de quatre cents ans. Bourreau ou victime ? Tragique ou comique ? Comment Shakespeare le concevait-il, comment le percevons-nous depuis ? Interprété par des acteurs de légende (Charles Macklin, Edmund Kean, Henry Irving, John Gielgud, Laurence Olivier...), Shylock a inspiré Hazlitt, Heine, Proust ou Henry James, non sans les troubler. Symbole économique convoqué par Marx ou Ruskin, il a aussi fait la joie des psychanalystes. Surtout, il a une place à part dans l'histoire de l'antisémitisme. Devenu un archétype, il permet une analyse passionnante des rapports entre la littérature et la vie. Après ce qu'a connu l'Europe au XXe siècle, nul ne peut voir Shylock sur scène sans frissonner.

Literature --- Antisemitism --- Shakespeare, William, - 1564-1616 --- Shylock (Fictitious character) --- Literary Theory & Criticism --- antisémitisme --- littérature --- texte --- juifs

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Shylock, the Jewish moneylender in The Merchant of Venice who famously demands a pound of flesh as security for a loan to his antisemitic tormentors, is one of Shakespeare's most complex and idiosyncratic characters. With his unsettling eloquence and his varying voices of protest, play, rage, and refusal, Shylock remains a source of perennial fascination. What explains the strange and enduring force of this character, so unlike that of any other in Shakespeare's plays? Kenneth Gross posits that the figure of Shylock is so powerful because he is the voice of Shakespeare himself. Marvelously speculative and articulate, Gross's book argues that Shylock is a breakthrough for Shakespeare the playwright, an early realization of the Bard's power to create dramatic voices that speak for hidden, unconscious, even inhuman impulses-characters larger than the plays that contain them and ready to escape the author's control. Shylock is also a mask for Shakespeare's own need, rage, vulnerability, and generosity, giving form to Shakespeare's ambition as an author and his uncertain bond with the audience. Gross's vision of Shylock as Shakespeare's covert double leads to a probing analysis of the character's peculiar isolation, ambivalence, opacity, and dark humor. Addressing the broader resonance of Shylock, both historical and artistic, Gross examines the character's hold on later readers and writers, including Heinrich Heine and Philip Roth, suggesting that Shylock mirrors the ambiguous states of Jewishness in modernity. A bravura critical performance, Shylock Is Shakespeare will fascinate readers with its range of reference, its union of rigor and play, and its conjectural-even fictive-means of coming to terms with the question of Shylock, ultimately taking readers to the very heart of Shakespeare's humanizing genius.

LITERARY CRITICISM / General. --- Shakespeare, William, --- Shylock --- Шейлок --- Sheĭlok --- Shakespeare, William --- Shakespear, William, --- Shakspeare, William, --- Šekʻspiri, Uiliam, --- Saixpēr, Gouilliam, --- Shakspere, William, --- Shikisbīr, Wilyam, --- Szekspir, Wiliam, --- Šekspyras, --- Shekspir, Vilʹi︠a︡m, --- Šekspir, Viljem, --- Tsikinya-chaka, --- Sha-shih-pi-ya, --- Shashibiya, --- Sheḳspir, Ṿilyam, --- Shaḳspir, Ṿilyam, --- Syeiksŭpʻio, --- Shekspir, V. --- Szekspir, William, --- Shakespeare, Guglielmo, --- Shake-speare, William, --- Sha-ō, --- Şekspir, --- Shekspir, Uiliam, --- Shekspir, U. --- Šekspir, Vilijam, --- Ṣēkspiyar, Viliyam, --- Shakspir, --- Shekspyr, Vyli︠e︡m, --- Şekspir, Velyam, --- Ṣēkspiyar, Villiyam, --- Shēkʻspʻiyr, Vlilliam, --- Ṣēkspiyar, --- Ṣēkspiyar Mahākavi, --- Ṣēkspiyar Mahākaviya, --- Sheḳspier, Ṿilyam, --- Shēkʻspir, --- Shakespeare, --- Śeksper, --- Шекспир, Вильям, --- Шекспир, Уильям, --- שייקספיר, וויליאם, --- שייקספיר, וו., --- שיקספיר, וויליאם --- שיקספיר, ויליאם --- שיקספיר, ויליאם, --- שכספיר, ויליאם, --- שכספיר, וילים, --- שכספיר, ו׳ --- שעפקספיר, וויליאם, --- שעקספיער, וויליאם --- שעקספיער, וויליאם, --- שעקספיער, ווילליאם --- שעקספיער, וו., --- שעקספיר --- שעקספיר, וו --- שעקספיר, וויליאם, --- שעקספיר, וויליאמ --- שעקספיר, ווילליאם --- שעקספיר, ווילליאם, --- שעקספיר, וו., --- שעקספיר, װיליאם, --- שעקספיר, װילליאם, --- שעקספיר, װ., --- שעקספער --- שעקספער, וויליאמ --- שקספיר --- שקספיר, וו --- שקספיר, וויליאם --- שקספיר, וויליאם, --- שקספיר, ווילים, --- שקספיר, וילאם --- שקספיר, ויליאם --- שקספיר, ויליאם, --- שקספיר, ויליים, --- שקספיר, וילים --- שקספיר, וילים, --- شاكسبير، وليم --- شاكسپير، وليم --- شكسبير، وليام --- شكسبير، وليم --- شكسبير، وليم، --- شكسبير، و. --- شكسپير، وليم --- شكسپير، ويليام --- شيكسبير، وليام --- شيكسبير، وليام.، --- شيكسبير، وليم --- شکسبير، وليم --- وليم شکسبير --- 沙士北亞威廉姆, --- 沙士比亞威廉姆, --- 莎士比亞威廉姆, --- 莎士比亞威廉, --- 莎士比亞, --- Jacobson, Howard. --- Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Mario, --- Tchaikowsky, André, --- Harbison, John. --- Nystroem, Gösta, --- Characters --- Shylock. --- Shylock (Fictitious character) --- Shylock (Fictitious character). --- shylock, shakespeare, character study, literature, canon, judaism, jewish, antisemitism, difference, outcast, dark humor, ambivalence, isolation, ambiguity, rage, protest, drama, theater, performing arts, refusal, ambition, generosity, vulnerability, need, wealth, debt, obligation, revenge, cruelty, unconscious, desire, passion, modernity, identity, philip roth, heinrich heine, merchant of venice, complicity, conversion.

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Through a study of the actress' films, records and writings, Gerda Taranow reconstructs the rigorously developed artistry that lay behind the superb performances. Analyzing each histrionic element and discussing repertoire she shows how Bernhardt adapted the techniques learned at the Conservatoire and in the theatre to her own particular strengths and limitations.Originally published in 1972.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

LITERARY CRITICISM / Drama. --- Bernhardt, Sarah, --- Acting. --- Adrienne Lecouvreur. --- Amoureuse. --- Andromaque. --- Arthur Symons. --- Athalie. --- Bajazet (play). --- Blanche Marchesi. --- Camille Saint-Saëns. --- Cavatina. --- Charles Gounod. --- Classicism. --- Clement Scott. --- Contralto. --- Cyrano (musical). --- Declamation. --- Dinorah. --- Dion Boucicault. --- Dramaturgy. --- Edmond Rostand. --- Eleonora Duse. --- Eric Bentley. --- Ernani. --- Fairy tale. --- Five Plays. --- Francesca da Rimini. --- Giacomo Meyerbeer. --- Gianni Bettini. --- Gismonda. --- Giuseppe Verdi. --- Goethe's Faust. --- Grand opera. --- Harper's Bazaar. --- Harry Baur. --- Hernani (drama). --- Hesketh Pearson. --- His Wife's Lover. --- Hyperbole. --- Ingenue (stock character). --- Jean Giraudoux. --- Jean Richepin. --- Jean-Louis Barrault. --- Jules Barbier. --- Jules Massenet. --- King Lear. --- Le Cid (opera). --- Le Figaro. --- Les Femmes Savantes. --- Libretto. --- Liebestod. --- Lillie Langtry. --- Lorenzaccio. --- Louis Jouvet. --- Lyric soprano. --- Mad scene. --- Marcel Schwob. --- Marcella Sembrich. --- Marguerite (musical). --- Mathilde Marchesi. --- Maude Adams. --- Max Beerbohm. --- Melodrama. --- Mephistopheles. --- Mise-en-scène. --- Mithridate. --- Molière. --- Mrs. Patrick Campbell. --- Opera and Drama. --- Oreste. --- Pantomime. --- Parody. --- Passepied. --- Passion and Purity. --- Quibble (plot device). --- Rachel's. --- Revue. --- Reynaldo Hahn. --- Rodgers and Hammerstein. --- Romanticism. --- Sacha Guitry. --- Sarah Bernhardt. --- Sardou. --- Shylock. --- Six Acts. --- Soubrette. --- Sound effect. --- Superiority (short story). --- Tartuffe. --- The Actress. --- The Duenna. --- The Human Voice. --- The Lady from the Sea. --- The Marriage of Figaro. --- Title role. --- Tragedy. --- Travesti (theatre). --- Two Women. --- Victor Hugo. --- Victorien Sardou. --- William Shakespeare.

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First published in 1996, James Shapiro's pathbreaking analysis of the portrayal of Jews in Elizabethan England challenged readers to recognize the significance of Jewish questions in Shakespeare's day. From accounts of Christians masquerading as Jews to fantasies of settling foreign Jews in Ireland, Shapiro's work delves deeply into the cultural insecurities of Elizabethans while illuminating Shakespeare's portrayal of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. In a new preface, Shapiro reflects upon what he has learned about intolerance since the first publication of Shakespeare and the Jews.

Jews --- Judaism in literature. --- Juden --- LITERARY CRITICISM / European / English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh. --- Judenbild --- Motiv --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- History --- Shakespeare, William, --- Shakespeare, William --- Shakespear, William, --- Shakspeare, William, --- Šekʻspiri, Uiliam, --- Saixpēr, Gouilliam, --- Shakspere, William, --- Shikisbīr, Wilyam, --- Szekspir, Wiliam, --- Šekspyras, --- Shekspir, Vilʹi︠a︡m, --- Šekspir, Viljem, --- Tsikinya-chaka, --- Sha-shih-pi-ya, --- Shashibiya, --- Sheḳspir, Ṿilyam, --- Shaḳspir, Ṿilyam, --- Syeiksŭpʻio, --- Shekspir, V. --- Szekspir, William, --- Shakespeare, Guglielmo, --- Shake-speare, William, --- Sha-ō, --- Şekspir, --- Shekspir, Uiliam, --- Shekspir, U. --- Šekspir, Vilijam, --- Ṣēkspiyar, Viliyam, --- Shakspir, --- Shekspyr, Vyli︠e︡m, --- Şekspir, Velyam, --- Ṣēkspiyar, Villiyam, --- Shēkʻspʻiyr, Vlilliam, --- Ṣēkspiyar, --- Ṣēkspiyar Mahākavi, --- Ṣēkspiyar Mahākaviya, --- Sheḳspier, Ṿilyam, --- Shēkʻspir, --- Shakespeare, --- Śeksper, --- Шекспир, Вильям, --- Шекспир, Уильям, --- שייקספיר, וויליאם, --- שייקספיר, וו., --- שיקספיר, וויליאם --- שיקספיר, ויליאם --- שיקספיר, ויליאם, --- שכספיר, ויליאם, --- שכספיר, וילים, --- שכספיר, ו׳ --- שעפקספיר, וויליאם, --- שעקספיער, וויליאם --- שעקספיער, וויליאם, --- שעקספיער, ווילליאם --- שעקספיער, וו., --- שעקספיר --- שעקספיר, וו --- שעקספיר, וויליאם, --- שעקספיר, וויליאמ --- שעקספיר, ווילליאם --- שעקספיר, ווילליאם, --- שעקספיר, וו., --- שעקספיר, װיליאם, --- שעקספיר, װילליאם, --- שעקספיר, װ., --- שעקספער --- שעקספער, וויליאמ --- שקספיר --- שקספיר, וו --- שקספיר, וויליאם --- שקספיר, וויליאם, --- שקספיר, ווילים, --- שקספיר, וילאם --- שקספיר, ויליאם --- שקספיר, ויליאם, --- שקספיר, ויליים, --- שקספיר, וילים --- שקספיר, וילים, --- شاكسبير، وليم --- شاكسپير، وليم --- شكسبير، وليام --- شكسبير، وليم --- شكسبير، وليم، --- شكسبير، و. --- شكسپير، وليم --- شكسپير، ويليام --- شيكسبير، وليام --- شيكسبير، وليام.، --- شيكسبير، وليم --- شکسبير، وليم --- وليم شکسبير --- 沙士北亞威廉姆, --- 沙士比亞威廉姆, --- 莎士比亞威廉姆, --- 莎士比亞威廉, --- 莎士比亞, --- Jacobson, Howard. --- Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Mario, --- Tchaikowsky, André, --- Harbison, John. --- Nystroem, Gösta, --- Characters --- Jews. --- Shylock (Fictitious character) --- Jews in literature. --- Jews - History - 16th century. --- Jews - History - 17th century. --- Jews - History - 18th century. --- Shakespeare, William, - 1564-1616 - Merchant of Venice --- Shakespeare, William, - 1564-1616 - Characters - Jews. --- Shakespeare, William, - 1564-1616