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Coronary heart disease. --- Calcium --- Coronary Disease --- Vascular Calcification. --- Calcium. --- Plaque, Atherosclerotic. --- Physiological effect. --- diagnostic imaging. --- therapy.

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Atherosclerosis --- Atherosclerosis. --- Atherogenesis --- Atheroscleroses --- Chylomicron Remnants --- Plaque, Atherosclerotic --- Arteriosclerosis --- atherosclerosis --- genetics --- cardiovascular disease --- lifestyle disease --- cardiovascular medicine --- Athérosclérose --- Atherogeneses

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Coronary artery atherosclerosis is the most common cardiac pathology, which is the primary cause of cardiac mortality. Coronary artery stenosis usually involves the proximal portion of the larger epicardial coronary arteries, but diffuse coronary artery disease is also not rare. Most of the patients with/without several comorbidities have asymptomatic atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary territory, and hence early assessment of coronary artery pathology is of utmost importance. Since early surgical intervention is superior to percutaneous interventions, coronary artery bypass grafting is the first choice for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Coronary revascularization can be performed with different approaches according to the patients risk factors. Preventive treatment of coronary artery disease should be the basic strategy for a healthy system.

Coronary Artery Disease. --- Arteriosclerosis, Coronary --- Atherosclerosis, Coronary --- Coronary Arteriosclerosis --- Coronary Atherosclerosis --- Left Main Coronary Artery Disease --- Left Main Coronary Disease --- Left Main Disease --- Arterioscleroses, Coronary --- Artery Disease, Coronary --- Artery Diseases, Coronary --- Atheroscleroses, Coronary --- Coronary Arterioscleroses --- Coronary Artery Diseases --- Coronary Atheroscleroses --- Left Main Diseases --- Plaque, Atherosclerotic --- Cardiovascular medicine

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Today, in the era of the statins (cholesterol lowering drugs), there is no longer any doubt about the value of lowering blood cholesterol levels. This book chronicles the controversy that swirled around the 'lipid hypothesis' of atherosclerosis for so many years. In fact, 'the lower the better' is the position of many clinicians. However, getting to this point has been a long uphill battle marked by heated debate and sometimes violent disagreement. The history of this controversy is told here for its own sake and because remembering it may help us avoid similar mistakes in the future.

Atherosclerosis. --- Anticholesteremic agents. --- Statins (Cardiovascular agents) --- Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductases --- Statin drugs --- Anticholesterol drugs --- Antihypercholestermic agents --- Cholesterol inhibitors --- Cholesterol-lowering drugs --- Hypocholesteremic agents --- Inhibitors --- Anticholesteremic agents --- Enzyme inhibitors --- Antilipemic agents --- Arteriosclerosis --- Atherosclerosis --- Therapeutics --- Hypolipidemic Agents --- Hyperlipidemias --- Sterols --- Cholestenes --- Lipid Regulating Agents --- Membrane Lipids --- Dyslipidemias --- Cholestanes --- Antimetabolites --- Lipids --- Arterial Occlusive Diseases --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Steroids --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action --- Vascular Diseases --- Lipid Metabolism Disorders --- Therapeutic Uses --- Metabolic Diseases --- Pharmacologic Actions --- Polycyclic Compounds --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Diseases --- Cholesterol --- Drug Therapy --- Hypercholesterolemia --- Anticholesteremic Agents --- Atherogenesis --- Atheroscleroses --- Chylomicron Remnants --- Plaque, Atherosclerotic --- Anticholesteremic Drugs --- Anticholesteremics --- Inhibitors, Cholesterol --- Cholesterol Inhibitors --- Hypocholesteremic Agents --- Agents, Anticholesteremic --- Agents, Hypocholesteremic --- Drugs, Anticholesteremic --- Elevated Cholesterol --- High Cholesterol Levels --- Hypercholesteremia --- Cholesterol Level, High --- Cholesterol Levels, High --- Cholesterol, Elevated --- Cholesterols, Elevated --- Elevated Cholesterols --- High Cholesterol Level --- Hypercholesteremias --- Hypercholesterolemias --- Level, High Cholesterol --- Levels, High Cholesterol --- Cholesterol, Dietary --- Therapy, Drug --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacotherapy --- Chemotherapies --- Drug Therapies --- Pharmacotherapies --- Therapies, Drug --- Disease --- Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Epicholesterol --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Cardiovascular Disease --- Disease, Cardiovascular --- Diseases, Cardiovascular --- Cardiology --- Compounds, Polycyclic --- Hydrocarbons, Cyclic --- Chemical Actions --- Actions, Chemical --- Actions, Pharmacologic --- Pharmacological and Toxicological Phenomena --- Diseases, Metabolic --- Thesaurismosis --- Disease, Metabolic --- Metabolic Disease --- Thesaurismoses --- Therapeutic Effects --- Therapeutic Effect --- Therapeutic Use --- Effect, Therapeutic --- Effects, Therapeutic --- Use, Therapeutic --- Uses, Therapeutic --- Lipid Metabolism Disorder --- Metabolism Disorder, Lipid --- Metabolism Disorders, Lipid --- Disease, Vascular --- Diseases, Vascular --- Vascular Disease --- Pharmacological Mechanisms of Action --- Catatoxic Steroids --- Steroid --- Steroids, Catatoxic --- Arterial Obstructive Diseases --- Arterial Obstructive Disease --- Arterial Occlusive Disease --- Disease, Arterial Obstructive --- Disease, Arterial Occlusive --- Diseases, Arterial Obstructive --- Diseases, Arterial Occlusive --- Obstructive Disease, Arterial --- Obstructive Diseases, Arterial --- Occlusive Disease, Arterial --- Occlusive Diseases, Arterial --- Lipid --- Antimetabolite --- Dyslipidemia --- Dyslipoproteinemias --- Dyslipoproteinemia --- Cell Membrane Lipid --- Cell Membrane Lipids --- Membrane Lipid --- Lipid, Cell Membrane --- Lipid, Membrane --- Lipids, Cell Membrane --- Lipids, Membrane --- Membrane Lipid, Cell --- Membrane Lipids, Cell --- Cell Membrane --- Membranes --- Lipid Regulating Drugs --- Agents, Lipid Regulating --- Drugs, Lipid Regulating --- Regulating Agents, Lipid --- Regulating Drugs, Lipid --- Sterol --- Antihyperlipemics --- Antihyperlipidemics --- Antilipemic Drugs --- Antilipemics --- Hypolipidemic Drugs --- Antihyperlipidemic --- Antilipemic --- Antilipemic Agents --- Antilipemic Drug --- Hypolipidemic Agent --- Hypolipidemic Drug --- Agent, Hypolipidemic --- Agents, Antilipemic --- Agents, Hypolipidemic --- Drug, Antilipemic --- Drug, Hypolipidemic --- Drugs, Antilipemic --- Drugs, Hypolipidemic --- Arterioscleroses --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Hyperlipidemia --- Lipemia --- Lipidemia --- Hyperlipemia --- Hyperlipemias --- Lipemias --- Lipidemias --- antagonists & inhibitors --- drug therapy --- therapeutic use --- therapy --- Statins (Cardiovascular agents). --- therapeutic use. --- drug therapy. --- etiology. --- adverse effects. --- complications.

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Cerebrovascular Disorders --- Arteries --- Cerebrovascular Trauma --- Aneurysm, Dissecting --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Vascular Diseases --- Trauma, Nervous System --- Blood Vessels --- Brain Diseases --- Aneurysm --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Wounds and Injuries --- Cardiovascular Diseases --- Nervous System Diseases --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Cardiovascular System --- Diseases --- Anatomy --- Carotid Arteries --- Carotid Artery Injuries --- Vertebral Artery Dissection --- Vertebral Artery --- Carotid Artery Diseases --- Physiology --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Surgery - General and By Type --- Injuries and Wounds --- Injuries, Wounds --- Research-Related Injuries --- Wounds --- Wounds and Injury --- Wounds, Injury --- Injuries --- Trauma --- Injuries, Research-Related --- Injury --- Injury and Wounds --- Injury, Research-Related --- Research Related Injuries --- Research-Related Injury --- Traumas --- Wound --- First Aid --- Traumatology --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Fusiform Aneurysm --- Saccular Aneurysm --- Aneurysm, Fusiform --- Aneurysms --- Aneurysms, Fusiform --- Fusiform Aneurysms --- Brain Disorders --- CNS Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders --- Encephalon Diseases --- Encephalopathy --- Intracranial CNS Disorders --- Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders --- Brain Disease --- Brain Disorder --- CNS Disorder, Intracranial --- Encephalon Disease --- Encephalopathies --- Intracranial CNS Disorder --- Blood Vessel --- Vessel, Blood --- Vessels, Blood --- Axonotmesis --- Injuries, Nervous System --- Neurotmesis --- Craniocervical Injuries --- Nervous System Injuries --- Axonotmeses --- Craniocervical Injury --- Nervous System Injury --- Nervous System Trauma --- Nervous System Traumas --- Neurotmeses --- Nervous System --- Disease, Vascular --- Diseases, Vascular --- Vascular Disease --- Cardiology --- Biologic Sciences --- Biological Science --- Science, Biological --- Sciences, Biological --- Biological Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Biologic Science --- Biological Science Discipline --- Discipline, Biological Science --- Disciplines, Biological Science --- Life Science --- Science Discipline, Biological --- Science Disciplines, Biological --- Science, Biologic --- Science, Life --- Sciences, Biologic --- Sciences, Life --- Aortic Dissection --- Blood Vessel Dissection --- Dissection, Blood Vessel --- Dissecting Aneurysm --- Aneurysms, Dissecting --- Aortic Dissections --- Dissecting Aneurysms --- Dissection, Aortic --- Dissections, Aortic --- Brain Injury, Vascular --- Injury, Vascular, Brain --- Vascular Trauma, Brain --- Vascular Injury, Brain --- Brain Injuries, Vascular --- Brain Vascular Injury --- Brain Vascular Trauma --- Injuries, Brain Vascular --- Injury, Brain Vascular --- Trauma, Cerebrovascular --- Vascular Brain Injuries --- Vascular Brain Injury --- Vascular Traumas, Brain --- Artery --- Cerebrovascular Diseases --- Cerebrovascular Insufficiency --- Cerebrovascular Occlusion --- Brain Vascular Disorders --- Intracranial Vascular Disorders --- Vascular Diseases, Intracranial --- Brain Vascular Disorder --- Cerebrovascular Disease --- Cerebrovascular Disorder --- Cerebrovascular Insufficiencies --- Cerebrovascular Occlusions --- Disease, Cerebrovascular --- Diseases, Cerebrovascular --- Insufficiencies, Cerebrovascular --- Insufficiency, Cerebrovascular --- Intracranial Vascular Disease --- Intracranial Vascular Diseases --- Intracranial Vascular Disorder --- Occlusion, Cerebrovascular --- Occlusions, Cerebrovascular --- Vascular Disease, Intracranial --- Vascular Disorder, Brain --- Vascular Disorder, Intracranial --- Vascular Disorders, Brain --- Vascular Disorders, Intracranial --- Circulatory System --- Cardiovascular Systems --- Circulatory Systems --- Blood Circulation --- CNS Diseases --- Central Nervous System Disorders --- CNS Disease --- Central Nervous System Disease --- Central Nervous System Disorder --- Nervous System Disorders --- Neurological Disorders --- Neurologic Disorders --- Disease, Nervous System --- Diseases, Nervous System --- Disorder, Nervous System --- Disorder, Neurologic --- Disorder, Neurological --- Disorders, Nervous System --- Disorders, Neurologic --- Disorders, Neurological --- Nervous System Disease --- Nervous System Disorder --- Neurologic Disorder --- Neurological Disorder --- Neurology --- Cardiovascular Disease --- Disease, Cardiovascular --- Diseases, Cardiovascular --- Arterial Diseases, Carotid --- Arterial Diseases, Common Carotid --- Arterial Diseases, External Carotid --- Arterial Diseases, Internal Carotid --- Atherosclerotic Disease, Carotid --- Carotid Artery Disorders --- Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease --- Common Carotid Artery Diseases --- External Carotid Artery Diseases --- Internal Carotid Artery Diseases --- Carotid Atherosclerosis --- Arterial Disease, Carotid --- Artery Disease, Carotid --- Artery Diseases, Carotid --- Artery Disorder, Carotid --- Artery Disorders, Carotid --- Atherosclerotic Diseases, Carotid --- Carotid Arterial Disease --- Carotid Arterial Diseases --- Carotid Artery Disease --- Carotid Artery Disorder --- Carotid Atheroscleroses --- Carotid Atherosclerotic Diseases --- Disorders, Carotid Artery --- Plaque, Atherosclerotic --- Vertebral Arteries --- Arteries, Vertebral --- Artery, Vertebral --- Spontaneous Vertebral Artery Dissection --- Traumatic Vertebral Artery Dissection --- Vertebral Artery Dissection, Spontaneous --- Vertebral Artery Dissection, Traumatic --- Dissecting Vertebral Artery Aneurysm --- Artery Dissection, Vertebral --- Artery Dissections, Vertebral --- Dissection, Vertebral Artery --- Dissections, Vertebral Artery --- Vertebral Artery Dissections --- Carotid Arteriopathies, Traumatic --- Carotid False Aneurysm --- False Aneurysm, Carotid --- Injuries, Carotid Artery --- Carotid Pseudoaneurysm --- Trauma, Carotid Artery --- Artery Injuries, Carotid --- Artery Injury, Carotid --- Artery Trauma, Carotid --- Carotid Arteriopathy, Traumatic --- Carotid Artery Injury --- Carotid Artery Trauma --- Carotid False Aneurysms --- Injury, Carotid Artery --- Pseudoaneurysm, Carotid --- Traumatic Carotid Arteriopathy --- Carotid Artery, External --- Carotid Artery, Internal --- Carotid Artery, Common --- Arteries, Carotid --- Artery, Carotid --- Carotid Artery --- Anatomies --- injuries --- Carotid artery --- Surgery.