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In addition to their invaluable role in the fight against infection, Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) in an under- or over-active state can lead to the pathogenesis of disease, making these receptors a key focal point for many research laboratories. In Toll-Like Receptors: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field contribute techniques currently used to study TLRs, their downstream signalling pathways, and their role in the pathogenesis of disease, with sections examining TLR expression and the application of genetic techniques and microarray analysis to TLR research. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include brief introductions to the topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and Notes sections highlighting tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Versatile and cutting-edge, Toll-Like Receptors: Methods and Protocols provides an ideal manual for a wide range of biologists and medical researchers studying these vital components of the immune system.
Immunology. --- Cytokines. --- Cytokines and Growth Factors. --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Regulation
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Inflammasomes have a seemingly simple architecture. A sensor molecule of the NLR or PYHIN protein family recruits the common adapter molecule apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC). Even so, inflammasome activation is highly regulated at multiple steps and precise details of how inflammasomes are activated at the molecular level remain largely unknown. In The Inflammasome: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail methods and protocols to study multiple aspects of inflammasome function. These methods include the generation of inflammasome stimuli, perturbance of cellular homeostasis, assessment of ASC speck formation, monitoring of caspase-1 activity and processing, activation of IL-1β cytokines, and analysis of inflammasome assembly. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Immunology. --- Cytokines. --- Cytokines and Growth Factors. --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Regulation
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Cytokines in the Genesis and Treatment of Cancer provides a comprehensive picture of the dual role of host responses in promoting and inhibiting tumor progression. This volume represents an important investigation into the emerging intersection of cancer biology and cancer immunology. Divided into four sections, the volume’s first three parts focus on cytokines in the genesis of cancer. The final section describes the notable progress — both in animal models and humans — in demonstrating the use of cytokine or anticytokine therapies for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Cytokines in the Genesis and Treatment of Cancer brings together an impressive array of internationally distinguished investigators who are devoted to the study of cytokines and cancer. Together, they produce an insightful, comprehensive discussion of cytokines and cancer that will serve as the perfect reference for all those working in the field.
Cancer --- Cytokines --- Chemotherapy. --- Therapeutic use. --- Antineoplastic agents --- Treatment
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The receptor-associated JAK protein kinases and their substrates, the STAT transcriptional activators, transmit signals following cytokine and growth factor binding to receptors expressed on the cell surface, to result in specific transcriptional and cellular responses. Over the last two decades, the field has progressed from identification of the individual components through to an understanding of the activation and deactivation mechanisms, and the complex structural detail of the proteins involved. We now know that these pathways are important in many biological processes, including growth and development, hematopoiesis, and the innate and adaptive immune response. JAK-STAT Signalling: Methods and Protocols provides detailed methodologies for examining many aspects of the pathway. Divided into four sections, topics include JAK and STAT specific approaches, the negative regulators of the pathway (SOCS proteins), and the production and crystallization of JAK and STAT proteins, among others. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, JAK-STAT Signalling: Methods and Protocols will be of use not only to those working in the area but also to new investigators who are led to delve into the complexities of JAK and STAT responses.
Cytology. --- Cytokines. --- Cell Biology. --- Cytokines and Growth Factors. --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Regulation
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Recent studies have discovered new known and characterized cytokines, allowing for advancement in miniaturization of micro-analytical methods as well as the extensive development of bio-informatics and nanotechnology. These advancements have allowed researchers to reduces sample sizes making for more accurate determinations then previously possible. In Cytokine Protocols: Second Edition, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study cytokines. These methods and techniques for studying cytokines include historical importance and the importance of researchers using bioassay, quantification, and characterization of cytokine related RNAs, posttranscriptional modifications of RNA, either naturally or artificially, and observations at the protein level. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory. Authoritative and practical, Cytokine Protocols: Second Edition seeks to aid scientists in furthering the crucially important advancement of cytokine research.
Cytology. --- Cytokines. --- Cell Biology. --- Cytokines and Growth Factors. --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Regulation
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To date, there are over twenty different chemokine receptors, binding nearly fifty unique ligands that have been identified. In Chemokine Receptors, leading investigators attempt to distill the large body of literature ranging from basic molecular and cellular mechanism of chemokine receptors, to physiological and pathological roles of chemokines. Chemokines exhibit a tremendous functional diversity and participate in a wide variety of processes that include inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, immune cell differentiation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, development, neurobiology and viral pathogenesis. Chemokine Receptors targets the pharmaceutical industry, provides an authoritative perspective on the future direction of this field, and insights into areas of active development of novel therapeutics.
Chemokines. --- Cell receptors. --- Cell membrane receptors --- Cell surface receptors --- Receptors, Cell --- Binding sites (Biochemistry) --- Cell membranes --- Proteins --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Mediators
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Cytokines --- -Cytokines --- -Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Congresses --- Therapeutic use --- -Testing --- -Congresses --- Regulation --- Congresses. --- Testing --- Therapeutic use&delete& --- Testing&delete& --- Cellular immunity
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Biological products --- Standards --- Vaccines --- Blood --- Cytokines --- Vaccinatie/Serotherapie --- Biologische stoffen --- Vaccination/Sérothérapie --- Produits biologiques
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This edition of Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology examines the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in host defense and disease development following viral infection. Chemokines represent a family of over 40 small proteins that, for the most part, are secreted into the environment and function by binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are expressed on numerous different cell types. When initially identified close to 30 years ago, these molecules were associated with various human inflammatory diseases and it was recognized that expression may be integral in leukocyte recruitment to inflamed tissue. There are now four sub-families of chemokines identified based on defined structural criteria relating to the positional location of conserved cysteine residues within the amino-terminus of the protein. Chemokines are now recognized as important in numerous biological processes ranging from maintaining the organizational integrity of secondary lymphoid tissue to participating in various aspects of both innate and adaptive immune responses following microbial infection. With this in mind, this book highlights the functional roles of chemokines and their receptors in participating in various aspects of the immune response against well-known viral pathogens.
Chemokines --- Virus diseases --- Pathophysiology. --- Pathogenesis. --- Chemotactic cytokines --- Inflammatory peptides --- Intercrines --- Cytokines --- Inflammation --- Peptides --- Viral diseases --- Viral infections --- Virus infections --- Communicable diseases --- Medical virology --- Pathogenic viruses --- Mediators --- Microbiology. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Medical microbiology.
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Enormous effort has been spent developing many new laboratory techniques for studying immune cells and the immune system, not only to increase fundamental understanding, but also to procure therapeutic success in a clinical setting. In Cytokines and Colony Stimulating Factors: Methods and Protocols, leading laboratory experts describe for the novice investigator a host of novel technologies and molecular techniques specifically designed to study cellular immunology and promote its gene therapy applications. Presented in step-by-step detail to ensure ready reproducibility, these protocols range from flow cytometric techniques to detect cytokines and growth factors in different specimens, to methods for generating and expanding dendritic cells and hematopoietic progenitors from different origins. Each proven method has been fine-tuned for experimental successs by the investigator who developed it, and includes notes on troubleshooting and avoiding potential pitfalls. Although the protocols require little previous experience, even highly skilled researchers will augment their experimental range with many novel timesaving techniques. Cutting-edge and highly practical, Cytokines and Colony Stimulating Factors: Methods and Protocols provides researchers a carefully evaluated set of powerful tools for successful experimental research on cytokines and their role in gene therapy.
Cytokines --- Colony-stimulating factors (Physiology) --- Glycoproteins --- Hematopoietic growth factors --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Regulation --- Immunology. --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology
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