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Né en 1874, Karl Kraus a été mêlé de loin ou de près, comme acteur, témoin ou juge, à tous les mouvements artistiques, intellectuels ou politiques qui agitèrent Vienne au début de notre siècle. Pendant plus de trente ans, de 1899 à sa mort en 1936, il fit paraître sa revue Die Fackel, qu'il finit par rédiger tout seul et dans laquelle il a publié la majeure partie de son oeuvre. Pessimiste et lucide il combattit les travers de son temps et ses armes préférées furent la citation et la glose. Les spécialistes français, autri­chiens, allemands, américains et hongrois dont les contributions sont réunies ici ont étudié tour à tour les rapports ambigus et apparemment changeants de Kraus avec la politique et les partis, ses prises de positions sur le sionisme, le nationalisme, la guerre et la paix, son attitude à l'égard de quelques grandes questions de son temps comme le féminisme, l'éducation, la théorie des masses ou le déclin de l'Occident, et ils ont analysé la stratégie et les armes du satiriste. Both feared and admired in his time for his relentless criticism of the Austrian society, Karl Kraus is considered even today as one of the great masters of a satire that criticizes the corruption of private and public morals through the corruption of language, particularly in the press.

Literature German Dutch Scandinavian --- Karl Kraus --- Autriche --- satire --- presse

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"The author and director Berthold Viertel (1885-1953), born and raised in Vienna, left a broad but fragmented autobiographical project, which changed a lot over time through exile and remigration. Katharina Prager analyses Viertels autobiographical practice and his re- and deconstructions of collective memory of a ""different"" Vienna around the year 1900, a counter image of the idealistic presentations by his friend Stefan Zweig. She connects his memories of ""critical modernness"" with studies about the Wiener Moderne in relation to 15 biographical spaces of memory. Berthold Viertel is shown as a prominent actor and networking expert in the cultural scene of Vienna, and as a typical representative of a critical avant-garde, whose lines of tradition he tried to preserve by his writing."

History --- Autobiography --- Vienna around 1900 --- Critical Modernity --- Wiener Moderne --- Viennese Modern Age --- critical avant-garde --- Berthold Viertel --- Karl Kraus --- Österreich

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Forms of Exile in Jewish Literature and Thought deals with the concept of exile on many levels-from the literal to the metaphorical. It combines analyses of predominantly Jewish authors of Central Europe of the twentieth century who are not usually connected, including Kafka, Kraus, Levi, Lustig, Wiesel, and Frankl. It follows the typical routes that exiled writers took, from East to West and later often as far as America. The concept and forms of exile are analyzed from many different points of view and great importance is devoted especially to the forms of inner exile. In Forms of Exile in Jewish Literature and Thought, Bronislava Volková, an exile herself and thus intimately familiar with the topic through her own experience, develops a unique typology of exile that will enrich the field of intellectual and literary history of twentieth-century Europe and America.

Alienation (Philosophy) in literature. --- Central European literature --- Exile (Punishment) in literature. --- Exiles in literature. --- LITERARY CRITICISM / Jewish. --- Jewish authors --- History and criticism. --- Alma Mahler. --- Arnost Lustig. --- Arthur Schnitzler. --- Bruno Schulz. --- Central Europe. --- Egon Hostovsky. --- Elie Wiesel. --- Expulsion. --- Franz Kafka. --- Franz Werfel. --- Hermann Broch. --- Hermann Ungar. --- Holocaust. --- Hugo von Hofmannsthal. --- Jewish history. --- Jiri Weil. --- Joseph Roth. --- Judaism. --- Karl Kraus. --- Ladislav Fuks. --- Marcel Proust. --- Max Nordau. --- Peter Weiss. --- Primo Levi. --- Robert Musil. --- Saul Friedlander. --- Shoah. --- Sholem Aleichem. --- Sigmund Freud. --- Stefan Zweig. --- Theodor Herzl. --- Wandering. --- aesthetics. --- cultural studies. --- diaspora. --- exile. --- gender. --- identity. --- literature. --- oppression. --- philosophy. --- twentieth century.