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This book provides readers with a variety of tools to address the challenges posed by hot carrier degradation, one of today’s most complicated reliability issues in semiconductor devices.  Coverage includes an explanation of carrier transport within devices and book-keeping of how they acquire energy (“become hot”), interaction of an ensemble of colder and hotter carriers with defect precursors, which eventually leads to the creation of a defect, and a description of how these defects interact with the device, degrading its performance. • Describes the intricacies of hot carrier degradation in modern semiconductor technologies; • Covers the entire hot carrier degradation phenomenon, including topics such as characterization, carrier transport, carrier-defect interaction, technological impact, circuit impact, etc.; • Enables detailed understanding of carrier transport, interaction of the carrier ensemble with the defect precursors, and an accurate assessment of how the newly created defects impact the device performance. • Covers modeling issues starting from detailed physics-based TCAD approaches up to efficient SPICE-compatible compact models. “Tibor Grasser and the authors of Hot Carrier Degradation in Semiconductor Devices have made a major contribution to the field of hot-carrier degradation. I am emeritus since 2006 and believe that, after reading these great chapters, I could work again at the cutting edge of hot-carrier transport, from the basic physics to modern device function and from compact modeling to detailed Monte Carlo simulations.  This is a must read for anyone interested in the reliability of semiconductor devices.” Karl Hess Swanlund Professor Emeritus University of Illinois, USA “Very few books can be found with special focus on microelectronics reliability. Written by noted experts in the field, this book offers a revealing look at various aspects of the hot carrier effect and associated device degradations. It provides a valuable reference on hot carrier related physics, experimental measurements, modeling, and practical demonstration on state-of-the-art devices.  Engineering professionals, researchers, and students can use this book to save time and learn from the experts, with a quick overview of an important class of semiconductor devices and focus on device reliability physics.” Steve Chung Chair Professor National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan.

Engineering. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Electronic Circuits and Devices. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Electronics. --- Systems engineering. --- Ingénierie --- Electronique --- Ingénierie des systèmes --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical Engineering --- Hot carriers. --- Semiconductors. --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Carriers, Hot --- Hot carrier conduction --- Hot electrons --- Electronic circuits. --- Microelectronics. --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Electrons --- Holes (Electron deficiencies) --- Semiconductors --- Materials --- Physical sciences --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Design and construction --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes

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This book summarizes the state-of-the-art, regarding noise in nanometer semiconductor devices. Readers will benefit from this leading-edge research, aimed at increasing reliability based on physical microscopic models. Authors discuss the most recent developments in the understanding of point defects, e.g. via ab initio calculations or intricate measurements, which have paved the way to more physics-based noise models which are applicable to a wider range of materials and features, e.g. III-V materials, 2D materials, and multi-state defects. Describes the state-of-the-art, regarding noise in nanometer semiconductor devices; Enables readers to design more reliable semiconductor devices; Offers the most up-to-date information on point defects, based on physical microscopic models.

Semiconductors --- Noise. --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Materials --- Electronic circuits. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Electronic Circuits and Devices. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Physical sciences --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes

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In this book, we aim to address the ever-advancing progress in microelectronic device scaling. Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) devices continue to endure miniaturization, irrespective of the seeming physical limitations, helped by advancing fabrication techniques. We observe that miniaturization does not always refer to the latest technology node for digital transistors. Rather, by applying novel materials and device geometries, a significant reduction in the size of microelectronic devices for a broad set of applications can be achieved. The achievements made in the scaling of devices for applications beyond digital logic (e.g., high power, optoelectronics, and sensors) are taking the forefront in microelectronic miniaturization. Furthermore, all these achievements are assisted by improvements in the simulation and modeling of the involved materials and device structures. In particular, process and device technology computer-aided design (TCAD) has become indispensable in the design cycle of novel devices and technologies. It is our sincere hope that the results provided in this Special Issue prove useful to scientists and engineers who find themselves at the forefront of this rapidly evolving and broadening field. Now, more than ever, it is essential to look for solutions to find the next disrupting technologies which will allow for transistor miniaturization well beyond silicon’s physical limits and the current state-of-the-art. This requires a broad attack, including studies of novel and innovative designs as well as emerging materials which are becoming more application-specific than ever before.

Research & information: general --- Mathematics & science --- FinFETs --- CMOS --- device processing --- integrated circuits --- silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) --- solid state circuit breaker (SSCB) --- prototype --- circuit design --- GaN --- HEMT --- high gate --- multi-recessed buffer --- power density --- power-added efficiency --- 4H-SiC --- MESFET --- IMRD structure --- power added efficiency --- 1200 V SiC MOSFET --- body diode --- surge reliability --- silvaco simulation --- floating gate transistor --- control gate --- CMOS device --- active noise control --- vacuum channel --- mean free path --- vertical air-channel diode --- vertical transistor --- field emission --- particle trajectory model --- F-N plot --- space-charge-limited currents --- 4H-SiC MESFET --- simulation --- power added efficiency (PAE) --- new device --- three-input transistor --- T-channel --- compact circuit style --- CMOS compatible technology --- avalanche photodiode --- SPICE model --- bandwidth --- high responsivity --- silicon photodiode --- AlGaN/GaN HEMTs --- thermal simulation --- transient channel temperature --- pulse width --- gate structures --- band-to-band tunnelling (BTBT) --- tunnelling field-effect transistor (TFET) --- germanium-around-source gate-all-around TFET (GAS GAA TFET) --- average subthreshold swing --- direct source-to-drain tunneling --- transport effective mass --- confinement effective mass --- multi-subband ensemble Monte Carlo --- non-equilibrium Green's function --- DGSOI --- FinFET --- core-insulator --- gate-all-around --- field effect transistor --- GAA --- nanowire --- one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1T-DRAM) --- polysilicon --- grain boundary --- electron trapping --- flexible transistors --- polymers --- metal oxides --- nanocomposites --- dielectrics --- active layers --- nanotransistor --- quantum transport --- Landauer-Büttiker formalism --- R-matrix method --- nanoscale --- mosfet --- quantum current --- surface transfer doping --- 2D hole gas (2DHG) --- diamond --- MoO3 --- V2O5 --- MOSFET --- reliability --- random telegraph noise --- oxide defects --- SiO2 --- split-gate trench power MOSFET --- multiple epitaxial layers --- specific on-resistance --- device reliability --- nanoscale transistor --- bias temperature instabilities (BTI) --- defects --- single-defect spectroscopy --- non-radiative multiphonon (NMP) model --- time-dependent defect spectroscopy --- FinFETs --- CMOS --- device processing --- integrated circuits --- silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) --- solid state circuit breaker (SSCB) --- prototype --- circuit design --- GaN --- HEMT --- high gate --- multi-recessed buffer --- power density --- power-added efficiency --- 4H-SiC --- MESFET --- IMRD structure --- power added efficiency --- 1200 V SiC MOSFET --- body diode --- surge reliability --- silvaco simulation --- floating gate transistor --- control gate --- CMOS device --- active noise control --- vacuum channel --- mean free path --- vertical air-channel diode --- vertical transistor --- field emission --- particle trajectory model --- F-N plot --- space-charge-limited currents --- 4H-SiC MESFET --- simulation --- power added efficiency (PAE) --- new device --- three-input transistor --- T-channel --- compact circuit style --- CMOS compatible technology --- avalanche photodiode --- SPICE model --- bandwidth --- high responsivity --- silicon photodiode --- AlGaN/GaN HEMTs --- thermal simulation --- transient channel temperature --- pulse width --- gate structures --- band-to-band tunnelling (BTBT) --- tunnelling field-effect transistor (TFET) --- germanium-around-source gate-all-around TFET (GAS GAA TFET) --- average subthreshold swing --- direct source-to-drain tunneling --- transport effective mass --- confinement effective mass --- multi-subband ensemble Monte Carlo --- non-equilibrium Green's function --- DGSOI --- FinFET --- core-insulator --- gate-all-around --- field effect transistor --- GAA --- nanowire --- one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1T-DRAM) --- polysilicon --- grain boundary --- electron trapping --- flexible transistors --- polymers --- metal oxides --- nanocomposites --- dielectrics --- active layers --- nanotransistor --- quantum transport --- Landauer-Büttiker formalism --- R-matrix method --- nanoscale --- mosfet --- quantum current --- surface transfer doping --- 2D hole gas (2DHG) --- diamond --- MoO3 --- V2O5 --- MOSFET --- reliability --- random telegraph noise --- oxide defects --- SiO2 --- split-gate trench power MOSFET --- multiple epitaxial layers --- specific on-resistance --- device reliability --- nanoscale transistor --- bias temperature instabilities (BTI) --- defects --- single-defect spectroscopy --- non-radiative multiphonon (NMP) model --- time-dependent defect spectroscopy

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The "Twelfth International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices" (SISPAD 2007) continues a long series of conferences and is held in September 2007 at the TU Wien, Vienna, Austria. The conference is the leading forum for Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) held alternatingly in the United States, Japan, and Europe. The first SISPAD conference took place in Tokyo in 1996 as the successor to three preceding conferences NUPAD, VPAD, and SISDEP. With its longstanding history SISPAD provides a world-wide forum for the presenta­ tion and discussion of outstanding recent advances and developments in the field of numerical process and device simulation. Driven by the ongoing miniaturization in semiconductor fabrication technology, the variety of topics discussed at this meeting reflects the ever-growing complexity of the subject. Apart from the classic topics like process, device, and interconnect simulation, mesh generation, a broad spec­ trum of numerical issues, and compact modeling, new simulation approaches like atomistic and first-principles methods have emerged as important fields of research and are currently making their way into standard TCAD suites.

Engineering. --- Computer simulation. --- Computational intelligence. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Nanotechnology. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Computational Intelligence. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Materials --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Electronics --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Intelligence, Computational --- Artificial intelligence --- Soft computing --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Electric conductivity --- Conductivity, Electric --- Free electron theory of metals --- Transport theory