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Generals --- Punic wars. --- Hannibal, --- Punic wars --- ʼAnibāl, --- Annibal, --- Annibale, --- Annibas, --- Gannibal, --- Ḥanibaʻal, --- Hanībaʻl, --- חניבעל, --- هنيبال --- Generals - Tunisia - Carthage (Extinct city) - Biography. --- هيني بال

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The controversy over the route taken by Hannibal, the Carthaginian army and his famous elephants in their crossing of the Alps to attack Rome in 218 BCE began within fifty years of the event and has continued for many centuries. A particular scholarly dispute emerged in the 1850s between Robert Ellis (1819/20-85) and William John Law (1786-1869), and was fought in the pages of the Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology and in books. Ellis, a classical scholar, had surveyed the Alpine passes in 1852 and again in 1853, when he published his Treatise on Hannibal's Passage of the Alps (also reissued in this series), claiming that the Little Mount Cenis route was the one used. Law responded immediately in the Journal, and later published his own theory, to which Ellis riposted in 1867 with this work. Modern scholarship doubts, however, that either man was right.

Roads, Roman --- Roads --- Hannibal, --- Highways --- Roadways --- Thoroughfares --- Transportation --- Highway engineering --- Pavements --- Roman roads --- ʼAnibāl, --- Annibal, --- Annibale, --- Annibas, --- Gannibal, --- Ḥanibaʻal, --- Hanībaʻl, --- חניבעל, --- هنيبال --- هيني بال

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Controversial for centuries, the route across the Alps taken by Hannibal, his Carthaginian army and his famous elephants in 218 BCE formed the basis of an extended scholarly dispute between William John Law (1786-1869) and Robert Ellis (1819/20-85). Fought in the pages of books and the Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology, their exchanges lasted several years. Ellis' Treatise on Hannibal's Passage of the Alps (1853) and An Enquiry into the Ancient Routes between Italy and Gaul (1867) are also reissued in this series. Published in 1866, this two-volume work was Law's major contribution to the debate, examining the various theories and historical accounts. Modern scholarship has questioned, however, whether either man was right. Volume 1 examines the accounts of Polybius, using numerous modern measurements to try to gauge their accuracy. It also evaluates the reliability of previous suggestions for Hannibal's route at each stage of the journey.

Punic War, 2nd, 218-201 B.C. --- Campaigns --- Hannibal, --- Military leadership. --- ʼAnibāl, --- Annibal, --- Annibale, --- Annibas, --- Gannibal, --- Ḥanibaʻal, --- Hanībaʻl, --- חניבעל, --- هنيبال --- هيني بال

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Punic War, 2nd, 218-201 B.C. --- -Punic wars --- Historiography --- Hannibal --- Historiography. --- Livy. --- Hannibal, --- -Historiography --- Punic War, 2nd, 218-201 B.C --- Punic wars --- ʼAnibāl, --- Annibal, --- Annibale, --- Annibas, --- Gannibal, --- Ḥanibaʻal, --- Hanībaʻl, --- חניבעל, --- هنيبال --- هيني بال

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If history is written by the victors, can we really know Hannibal, whose portrait we see through the eyes of his Roman conquerors? Hannibal lived a life of incredible feats of daring and survival, massive military engagements, and ultimate defeat. A citizen of Carthage and military commander in Punic Spain, he famously marched his war elephants and huge army over the Alps into Rome's own heartland to fight the Second Punic War. Yet the Romans were the ultimate victors. They eventually captured and destroyed Carthage, and thus it was they who wrote the legend of Hannibal: a brilliant and worthy enemy whose defeat represented military glory for Rome. In this groundbreaking biography Eve MacDonald expands the memory of Hannibal beyond his military feats and tactics. She considers him in the wider context of the society and vibrant culture of Carthage which shaped him and his family, employing archaeological findings and documentary sources not only from Rome but also the wider Mediterranean world of the third century B.C. MacDonald also analyzes Hannibal's legend over the millennia, exploring how statuary, Jacobean tragedy, opera, nineteenth-century fiction, and other depictions illuminate the character of one of the most fascinating military personalities in all of history.

Generals --- Punic War, 2nd, 218-201 B.C. --- Généraux --- Guerre punique, 2e, 218-201 av. J.-C. --- Biography --- Biographies --- Hannibal, --- Rome --- Carthage (Extinct city) --- Carthage (Ville ancienne) --- History --- History. --- Histoire --- Généraux --- Hannibal --- Punic wars --- ʼAnibāl, --- Annibal, --- Annibale, --- Annibas, --- Gannibal, --- Ḥanibaʻal, --- Hanībaʻl, --- חניבעל, --- هنيبال --- Influence. --- Military leadership. --- هيني بال