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Sediment Profile Imaging (SPI) is an undisturbed technique that allows the operators and analysts a quick examination of the habitat sediment quality. Appropriated to study the environmental impact of several anthropogenic activities, e.g.: (Sand Extraction, Trawl Fisheries, Dredge Disposal). The SPI consists of the use of a wedge-shaped prism with an inverted periscope that penetrates the seafloor creating a 45º angle internal mirror reflecting the sediment-water interface (SWI). This allows photo analysis of at least the first 20 cm of the sediment for a detailed assessment of several parameters (biological, physical and chemical). This tool is well-known in deep-ocean and estuarine studies; however, it presents a limited knowledge regarding studies carried out in fine to medium-coarse sediment type at coastal zones. The study tested the applicability of this tool in the Belgium Part of the North Sea coastal zone and concluded the opportunity to detect and measure several parameters. However, Organism-Sediment Index (OSI), the Benthic Habitat Quality Index (BHQ) and a-RPD (apparent redox layer) parameters have shown limitation and difficulty to assess in Belgium coastal zone. For future studies is suggested to adopt the BHQ index that has shown indications of a reliable parameter in the Belgium coast.

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This book focuses on various topics related to engineering and management of requirements, in particular elicitation, negotiation, prioritisation, and documentation (whether with natural languages or with graphical models). The book provides methods and techniques that help to characterise, in a systematic manner, the requirements of the intended engineering system.  It was written with the goal of being adopted as the main text for courses on requirements engineering, or as a strong reference to the topics of requirements in courses with a broader scope. It can also be used in vocational courses, for professionals interested in the software and information systems domain.   Readers who have finished this book will be able to: - establish and plan a requirements engineering process within the development of complex engineering systems; - define and identify the types of relevant requirements in engineering projects; - choose and apply the most appropriate techniques to elicit the requirements of a given system; - conduct and manage negotiation and prioritisation processes for the requirements of a given engineering system; - document the requirements of the system under development, either in natural language or with graphical and formal models.   Each chapter includes a set of exercises.

Civil Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Engineering design. --- Engineering economy. --- Operations research. --- Engineering Design. --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Industrial engineering --- Design, Engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial design --- Strains and stresses --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Design --- Requirements engineering. --- Engineering economics. --- Decision making. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Decision making

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This tutorial volume includes the revised and extended tutorials (briefings) held at the 5th International Summer School on Grand Timely Topics in Software Engineering, GTTSE 2015, in Braga, Portugal, in August 2015. GTTSE 2015 applied a broader scope to include additional areas of software analysis, empirical research, modularity, and product lines. The tutorials/briefings cover probabilistic program analysis, ontologies in software engineering, empirical evaluation of programming and programming languages, model synchronization management of software product families, "people analytics" in software development, DSLs in robotics, structured program generation techniques, advanced aspects of software refactoring, and name binding in language implementation.

Computer science. --- Computer programming. --- Software engineering. --- Programming languages (Electronic computers). --- Computer logic. --- Mathematical logic. --- Computer Science. --- Software Engineering. --- Programming Languages, Compilers, Interpreters. --- Logics and Meanings of Programs. --- Programming Techniques. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Computer science logic --- Computer languages --- Computer program languages --- Computer programming languages --- Machine language --- Computer software engineering --- Computers --- Electronic computer programming --- Electronic data processing --- Electronic digital computers --- Programming (Electronic computers) --- Informatics --- Programming --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Languages, Artificial --- Engineering --- Coding theory --- Science --- Logic design. --- Design, Logic --- Design of logic systems --- Digital electronics --- Electronic circuit design --- Logic circuits --- Machine theory --- Switching theory --- Software engineering

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